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Klinische Bedeutung des Nachweises minimaler Residualerkrankung bei Leukämien, Lymphomen und soliden Tumoren

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Kompendium Internistische Onkologie

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Zusammenfassung

In den letzten Jahren wurden wesentliche Fortschritte im Verständnis der Biologie und Pathogenese der akuten und chronischen Leukämien, Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome und soliden Tumoren erzielt. Diese Fortschritte wurden vor allem durch die Anwendung moderner Methoden der Zytogenetik und Molekularbiologie beim Studium der physiologischen und pathologischen Zellentwicklung erreicht. So konnte für viele Leukämie- und Lymphomentitäten, aber auch für solide Tumoren gezeigt werden, daß ihnen spezifische genetische und molekulare Veränderungen zugrunde liegen, denen eine Schlüsselrolle in der Entwicklung dieser Erkrankungen zukommt. Die im Rahmen dieser Untersuchungen entwickelten experimentellen Methoden und gewonnenen Einblicke in die Entwicklung maligner Zellen sind Grundlage neuartiger diagnostischer Methoden geworden, die die Detektion von Tumorzellen mit einer zuvor ungeahnten Empfindlichkeit und Spezifität erlauben. Der Einsatz dieser empfindlichen Nachweismethoden hat den Nachweis klinisch okkulter, residueller Tumorzellen (Minimal-Residual-Disease, MRD) in der Phase der kompletten klinischen und morphologischen Remission bei einem Großteil der Patienten mit malignen Erkrankungen erbracht. Diese Untersuchungen haben nicht nur neue Einblicke in das Remissionsverhalten maligner Erkrankungen ermöglicht und wesentlich zum Verständnis der Biologie der Tumoren beigetragen, sondern auch zu einer neuen Definition des Begriffes Remission geführt.

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  1. M. Kneba
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  2. M. Brüggemann
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  3. U. Keilholz
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  4. T. Lion
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  5. G. Dölken
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  6. K. Pantel
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  7. A. Zoubek
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Schwerpunkt Hämatologie/Onkologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120, Halle/Saale

    Hans-Joachim Schmoll (Direktor der Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin IV) (Direktor der Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin IV)

  2. Onkologie-Hämatologie-Gastroenterologie-Hepatologie-Infektiologie, Klinikum der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740, Jena

    Klaus Höffken (Direktor der Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II) (Direktor der Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II)

  3. Schwerpunkt Onkologie und Hämatologie, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité-Campus Mitte Schumannstraße 20/21, 10117, Berlin

    Kurt Possinger (Direktor der Medizinischen Klinik II) (Direktor der Medizinischen Klinik II)

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Kneba, M. et al. (2006). Klinische Bedeutung des Nachweises minimaler Residualerkrankung bei Leukämien, Lymphomen und soliden Tumoren. In: Schmoll, HJ., Höffken, K., Possinger, K. (eds) Kompendium Internistische Onkologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31303-6_20

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