Introduction

1.5 Concluding Remarks

Before ending this introductory chapter, I would like to make one important observation: In the old days we often heard that intelligence (and hence AI) is the investigation and study of the “rational thinking” of human beings. However, the author believes differently, and, in addition to Spinoza’s quotation at the beginning this chapter, the author believes that:

The most precious of human intelligence is not only its rational and logical thinking, but rather its irrational, and sometimes “fuzzy” or even “chaotic” reasoning, thinking and decision making. I think the beauty of nature is not only its state of “balance,” “harmony” and “completeness” — the state of Prägnanz — but rather it is the “art” and our “act” of handling highly chaotic, fuzzy and even uncertain situations to seek for harmony from the nature of fuzziness and incompleteness.

It is exactly what we (AI workers) should think about for the development of intelligent agents in this millennium.