Branchial Cysts and Sinus

Conclusion

Recurrences are most likely due to proliferation of residual epithelium from cysts or sinuses. The surgical procedure should thus be performed electively soon after diagnosis. Infected cysts and sinuses are treated with antibiotics until the inflammatory signs subside, unless abscess formation mandates incision and drainage. Repeated infections render identification of the tissue layers much more difficult. Surgery after infections of remnants of the first branchial pouch carries an increased risk of facial nerve injury. In order to avoid damage to vital vascular and nerve structures it is important to confine dissection close to the sinus tract.