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Genetics of Invasive Species in New Zealand

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Biological Invasions in New Zealand

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 186))

7.5 Conclusions

Genetic effects following the colonization and invasion of New Zealand have been studied in relatively few cases for a variety of reasons. The outcomes of these studies have shown that there are ranges of genetic effects that do occur after colonization, although it is often difficult to attribute genetics as a factor in the success or failure of invasive species. However, specific genotypes can facilitate success in some cases, e.g., sheep blowfly and insecticide resistance gene. It is clear that further invasions are likely, and that many risks are posed to the indigenous biota, in particular through hybridization with exotics. The extent to which this is currently occurring is little known and presents opportunities for future research, particularly when considering potential impacts of releasing genetically modified plants into the environment.

Another area where genetic research can assist in the study of biological invasions is in a better understanding of the invasive process and adaptive genetic variance that underlies the success of invasive species. Recent research suggests that only a small number of genes along with epistatic genetic variance can have a major impact on colonizing ability. Advancements in the field of genomics are now providing the tools necessary to investigate the genomic characteristics of successful invaders.

It has also been suggested that genetics should have a larger role in the development of policy to manage and control invasive species through a better understanding of the risks that particular genotypes pose (Allendorf and Lundquist 2003). At present, focus on invasive species in New Zealand is at the taxon level, whereas in the future, genetic risk associated with invasives is likely to have greater emphasis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecological Genetics Laboratory, Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand

    D. Gleeson, H. Harman & T. Armstrong

Authors
  1. D. Gleeson
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  2. H. Harman
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  3. T. Armstrong
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Landcare Research, PO Box 69, Lincoln, 8152, New Zealand

    Robert B. Allen

  2. Landcare Research, Private Bag 1930, Dunedin, New Zealand

    William G. Lee

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Gleeson, D., Harman, H., Armstrong, T. (2006). Genetics of Invasive Species in New Zealand. In: Allen, R.B., Lee, W.G. (eds) Biological Invasions in New Zealand. Ecological Studies, vol 186. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-30023-6_7

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