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Immunology and Immunopathogenesis of Malaria pp 1–24Cite as

The Dissection of CD8 T Cells During Liver-Stage Infection

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 297))

Abstract

Multiple injections of γ-radiation-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites (γ-spz) can induce long-lived, sterile immunity against pre-erythrocytic stages of malaria. Malaria antigen (Ag)-specific CD8 T cells that produce IFN-γ are key effector cells in this model of protection. Although there have been numerous reports dealing with γ-spz-induced CD8 T cells in the spleen, CD8 T cells most likely confer protection by targeting infected hepatocytes. Consequently, in this chapter we discuss observations and hypotheses concerning CD8 T cell responses that occur in the liver after an encounter with the Plasmodium parasite. Protracted protection against pre-erythrocytic stages requires memory CD8 T cells and we discuss evidence that γ-spz-induced immunity is indeed accompanied by the presence of intrahepatic CD44hi CD45RBlo CD62llo CD122lo effector memory (EM) CD8 T cells and CD44hi CD45RBhi CD62lhi CD122hi central memory (CM) CD8 T cells. In addition, the EM CD8 T cells rapidly release IFN-γ in response to spz challenge. The possible role of Kupffer cells in the processing of spz Ags and the production of cytokines is also considered. Finally, we discuss evidence that is consistent with a model whereby intrahepatic CM CD8 T cells are maintained by IL-15 mediated-homeostatic proliferation while the EM CD8 T cells are conscripted from the CM pool in response to a persisting depot of liver-stage Ag.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Division of Communicable Diseases and Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Bldg 503 Forest Glen Annex, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA

    U. Krzych

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  1. U. Krzych
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  2. R. J. Schwenk
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  1. Division of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK

    Jean Langhorne PhD

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Krzych, U., Schwenk, R.J. (2005). The Dissection of CD8 T Cells During Liver-Stage Infection. In: Langhorne, J. (eds) Immunology and Immunopathogenesis of Malaria. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 297. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29967-X_1

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