Summary
There is an interplay between the anatomy of the articular surfaces, their relationship to the axes of rotation of the normal knee, and the four principle ligaments that stabilize the knee that gives the knee its complex and spectacularly successful kinematics. These kinematics are complex, but now are well understood owing to clinical and biomechanical research. With resurfacing total knee replacement comes the possibility of altering this complex interplay to the detriment of both function and survival of the prosthetic reconstruction. It is imperative that the surgeon understand this interplay and seek to reproduce it through the replacement surgery. Moreover, it is also important to understand the specific consequences of the common malalignments so they can be detected and corrected prior to finishing the arthroplasty.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Brantigan OC, Voshell AF (1941) The mechanics of the ligaments and menisci of the knee joint. J Bone Joint Surg 23:44–66
Freeman MA, Swanson SA, Todd RC (1973) Total replacement of the knee using the Freeman-Swanson knee prosthesis. Clin Orthop 94:153–170
Hungerford DS, Kenna RV, Krackow KA (1982) The porous-coated anatomic total knee. Orthop Clin North Am 13:103 0150122
Insall J, Ranawat CS, Scott WN, Walker P. Insall J, Ranawat CS, Scott WN, Walker P (1976) Total condylar knee replacment: preliminary report. Clin Orthop 120:149–154
Kapandji IA (1990) The physiology of the joints, vol II. Churchill Livingstone, New York
Martin JW, Whiteside LA (1990) The influence of joint line position on knee stability after condylar knee arthroplasty. Clin Orthop 259:146–156
Mauerhan DR J (2003) Arthroplasty. Fracture of the polyethylene tibial post in a posterior cruciate-substituting total knee arthroplasty mimicking patellar clunk syndrome: a report of 5 cases. J Arthroplasty 18:942–945
Mont MA, Fairbank AC, Yammamoto V, Krackow KA, Hungerford DS (1995) Radiographic characterization of aseptically loosened cementless total knee replacement. Clin Orthop 321:73–78
Moreland JR, Bassett LW, Hanker GJ (1987) Radiographic analysis of the axial alignment of the lower extremity. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 69:745–749
Romero J, Duronio JF, Sohrabi A, Alexander N, MacWilliams BA, Jones LC, Hungerford DS (2002) Varus and valgus flexion laxity of total knee alignment methods in loaded cadaveric knees. Clin Orthop 394:243–253
Worland RL, Jessup DE, Vazquez-Vela Johnson G, Alemparte JA, Tanaka S, Rex FS, Keenan J (2002) The effect of femoral component rotation and asymmetry in total knee replacements. Orthopedics 25:1045–1048
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hungerford, D.S., Hungerford, M.W. (2005). Alignment of the Normal Knee; Relationship to Total Knee Replacement. In: Bellemans, J., Ries, M.D., Victor, J.M. (eds) Total Knee Arthroplasty. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27658-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27658-0_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-20242-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-27658-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)