Abstract
In graphics and language, schematisation is an important method to emphasize certain aspects and to deemphasize others. Different disciplines use schematisation for different reasons. In cartography, graphic schematisation is one aspect of map generalisation. In contrast, cognitive science addresses schematisation as a method to intentionally emphasize certain aspects of knowledge beyond technical necessity; therefore, the notion of schematic map is proposed to denote maps that employ schematisation for cognitive representational reasons. This chapter discusses different views of schematisation from cartography, linguistics, and artificial intelligence. Connections to qualitative reasoning in artificial intelligence are drawn. We address human spatial cognition and present examples of task-oriented representations. Finally, multimodality for conveying spatial knowledge and its application in schematic maps are discussed.
This chapter summarizes work done in the project Spatial Structures in Aspect Maps of the German Spatial Cognition Priority Program and the MapSpace project of SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition: Reasoning, Action, Interaction. References to literature therefore focus on publications from these projects. For more detailed references, please refer to these publications. Funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is gratefully acknowledged. We want to thank two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments that helped clarify the ideas presented.
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Klippel, A., Richter, KF., Barkowsky, T., Freksa, C. (2005). The Cognitive Reality of Schematic Maps. In: Meng, L., Reichenbacher, T., Zipf, A. (eds) Map-based Mobile Services. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26982-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26982-7_5
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