Skip to main content

Lung Cancer Prevention

  • Chapter
Fundamentals of Cancer Prevention
  • 649 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • (1994). "The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group." N Engl J Med 330(15): 1029–1035.

    Google Scholar 

  • (1996). "Clinical development plan: tea extracts. Green tea polyphenols. Epigallocatechin gallate." J Cell Biochem Suppl 26: 236–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • (1999). "Tobacco use—United States, 1900–1999." MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 48(43): 986–993.

    Google Scholar 

  • (2002). "Cigarette smoking among adults — United States, 2000." MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 51(29): 642–645.

    Google Scholar 

  • (2004). "Prevalence of cigarette use among 14 racial/ethnic populations — United States, 1999–2001." MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 53(3): 49–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmad, N., D.K. Feyes, et al. (1997). "Green tea constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate and induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human carcinoma cells." J Natl Cancer Inst 89(24): 1881–1886.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Akaike, T., M. Suga, et al. (1998). "Free radicals in viral pathogenesis: molecular mechanisms involving superoxide and NO." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 217(1): 64–73.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ames, B.N., L.S. Gold, et al. (1995). "The causes and prevention of cancer." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92(12): 5258–5265.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ames, B.N. and M.K. Shigenaga (1992). DNA damage by endogenous oxidants and mito-genesis as causes of aging and cancer. Molecular biology of free radical scavenging systems. J.G. Scandalios. Plainview, N.Y., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press: ix, 284.

    Google Scholar 

  • Awad, J.A., L.J. Roberts, 2nd, et al. (1996). "Isoprostanes — prostaglandin-like compounds formed in vivo independently of cyclooxygenase: use as clinical indicators of oxidant damage." Gastroenterol Clin North Am 25(2): 409–427.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belinsky, S.A., K.J. Nikula, et al. (1998). "Aberrant methylation of p16(INK4a) is an early event in lung cancer and a potential biomarker for early diagnosis." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95(20): 11891–11896.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, D.A., J.A. Taylor, et al. (1993). "Genetic risk and carcinogen exposure: a common inherited defect of the carcinogen-metabolism gene glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) that increases susceptibility to bladder cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 85(14): 1159–1164.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boffetta, P. and F. Nyberg (2003). "Contribution of environmental factors to cancer risk." Br Med Bull 68: 71–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bohr, V.A., B.G. Taffe, et al. (1995). DNA repair, oxidative stress and aging. Oxidative stress and aging. R.G. Cutler. Basel; Boston, Birkhhauser Verlag: 101–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brockmoller, J., R. Kerb, et al. (1993). "Genotype and phenotype of glutathione S-transferase class mu isoenzymes mu and psi in lung cancer patients and controls." Cancer Res 53(5): 1004–1011.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, D. M. (2000). "Primary prevention, smoking, and smoking cessation: implications for future trends in lung cancer prevention." Cancer 89(11 Suppl): 2506–2509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y., M. Sato, et al. (1999). "Expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 proteins in carcinogenesis of squamous cell lung cancer." Anticancer Res 19(2B): 1351–1356.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, K.C., D.S. Cahill, et al. (1992). "8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G–T and A–C substitutions." J Biol Chem 267(1): 166–172.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, S.J. (1989). "[Inhibitory effect of green tea extract on promotion and related action of TPA]." Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 11(4): 259–264.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, L.C. (1985). "The epidemiology of selenium and cancer." Fed Proc 44(9): 2584–2589.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A.J. (2000). "Outdoor air pollution and lung cancer." Environ Health Perspect 108Suppl 4: 743–750.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colby, T.V. (1999). Precursor lesions to pulmonary neoplasia. Lung tumors: fundamental biology and clinical management. C. Brambilla and E. Brambilla. New York, Dekker: xxxii, 858.

    Google Scholar 

  • Combs, G.F., Jr. (1999). "Chemopreventive mechanisms of selenium." Med Klin (Munich) 94Suppl 3: 18–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Criqui, M. H., S. Bangdiwala, et al. (1991). "Selenium, retinol, retinol-binding protein, and uric acid. Associations with cancer mortality in a population-based prospective case-control study." Ann Epidemiol 1(5): 385–393.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cuendet, M. and J.M. Pezzuto (2000). "The role of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase in cancer chemoprevention." Toxicology 153(1–3): 11–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Danam, R.P., X.C. Qian, et al. (1999). "Methylation of selected CpGs in the human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter region as a marker of gene silencing." Mol Carcinog 24(2): 85–89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doll, R. (1978). "Atmospheric pollution and lung cancer." Environ Health Perspect 22: 23–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doll, R. and A.B. Hill (1952). "A study of the aetiology of carcinoma of the lung." Br Med J 2(4797): 1271–1286.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doll, R. and R. Peto (1976). "Mortality in relation to smoking: 20 years' observations on male British doctors." Br Med J 2(6051): 1525–1536.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doll, R., M.B. Vessey, R.W. Beasley, A.R. Buckley, E.C. Fear, R.E.W. Fisher, E.J. Gammon, W. Gunn, G.O. Hughes, K. Lee, K., et al. (1972). "Mortality of gas workers: final report of a prospective study." Br J Ind Med 29: 394.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ebbert, J.O., P. Yang, et al. (2003). "Lung cancer risk reduction after smoking cessation: observations from a prospective cohort of women." J Clin Oncol 21(5): 921–926.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Bayoumy, K. (2001). "The protective role of selenium on genetic damage and on cancer." Mutat Res 475(1–2): 123–139.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erhola, M., S. Toyokuni, et al. (1997). "Biomarker evidence of DNA oxidation in lung cancer patients: association of urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine excretion with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and response to treatment." FEBS Lett 409(2): 287–291.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esteller, M., P.G. Corn, et al. (2001). "A gene hypermethylation profile of human cancer." Cancer Res 61(8): 3225–3229.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esteller, M., P.G. Corn, et al. (1998). "Inactivation of glutathione S-transferase P1 gene by promoter hypermethylation in human neoplasia." Cancer Res 58(20): 4515–4518.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esteller, M., S.R. Hamilton, et al. (1999). "Inactivation of the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation is a common event in primary human neoplasia." Cancer Res 59(4): 793–797.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esteller, M., M. Sanchez-Cespedes, et al. (1999). "Detection of aberrant promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes in serum DNA from non-small cell lung cancer patients." Cancer Res 59(1): 67–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Esteller, M., S. Tortola, et al. (2000). "Hypermethylation-associated inactivation of p14(ARF) is independent of p16(INK4a) methylation and p53 mutational status." Cancer Res 60(1): 129–133.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Etzel, C.J., C.I. Amos, et al. (2003). "Risk for smoking-related cancer among relatives of lung cancer patients." Cancer Res 63(23): 8531–8535.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farias-Eisner, R., M. P. Sherman, et al. (1994). "Nitric oxide is an important mediator for tumoricidal activity in vivo." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91(20): 9407–9411.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fiala, E.S., M.E. Staretz, et al. (1998). "Inhibition of DNA cytosine methyltransferase by chemopreventive selenium compounds, determined by an improved assay for DNA cytosine methyltransferase and DNA cytosine methylation." Carcinogenesis 19(4): 597–604.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Filep, J.G., C. Baron, et al. (1996). "Involvement of nitric oxide in target-cell lysis and DNA fragmentation induced by murine natural killer cells." Blood 87(12): 5136–5143.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Floyd, R.A. (1990). "The role of 8-hydroxyguanine in carcinogenesis." Carcinogenesis 11(9): 1447–1450.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Floyd, R.A., J.J. Watson, et al. (1986). "Hydroxyl free radical adduct of deoxyguanosine: sensitive detection and mechanisms of formation." Free Radic Res Commun 1(3): 163–172.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fontana, R.S., D.R. Sanderson, et al. (1984). "Early lung cancer detection: results of the initial (prevalence) radiologic and cytologic screening in the Mayo Clinic study." Am Rev Respir Dis 130(4): 561–565.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin, W.A. (2000). "Pathology of lung cancer." J Thorac Imaging 15(1): 3–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frenkel, K., J.M. Donahue, et al. (1988). Benzo(a)pyrene-induced exudative DNA damage. A possible mechanism for promotion by complete carcinogens. Oxy-radicals in molecular biology and pathology: proceedings of an Upjohn-UCLA symposium, held at Park City, Utah, January 24–30, 1988. P.A. Cerutti, I. Fridovich and J.M. McCord. New York, Liss: xx, 586.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fujiki, H., M. Suganuma, et al. (2001). "Cancer prevention with green tea and monitoring by a new biomarker, hnRNP B1." Mutat Res 480–481: 299–304.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garland, M., J.S. Morris, et al. (1995). "Prospective study of toenail selenium levels and cancer among women." J Natl Cancer Inst 87(7): 497–505.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giovino, G.A., M.W. Schooley, et al. (1994). "Surveillance for selected tobacco-use behaviors — United States, 1900–1994." MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 43(3): 1–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grandis, J.R. and J.C. Sok (2004). "Signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor during the development of malignancy." Pharmacol Ther 102(1): 37–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gridelli, C, P. Maione, et al. (2000). "Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and non-small cell lung cancer." Drug Metabol Drug Interact 17(1–4): 109–157.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guyton, K.Z. and T.W. Kensler (1993). "Oxidative mechanisms in carcinogenesis." Br Med Bull 49(3): 523–544.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn, S. M., E. Bernhard, et al. (2001). "Farnesyltransferase inhibitors." Semin Oncol 28(5 Suppl 16): 86–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halliwell, B. and O.I. Aruoma (1991). "DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems." FEBS Lett 281(1/2): 9–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Halpern, M.T., B.W. Gillespie, et al. (1993). "Patterns of absolute risk of lung cancer mortality in former smokers." J Natl Cancer Inst 85(6): 457–464.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammond, E.C. (1966). "Smoking in relation to the death rates of one million men and women." Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 19: 127–204.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, J.D. and D.J. Pulford (1995). "The glutathione S-transferase supergene family: regulation of GST and the contribution of the isoenzymes to cancer chemoprotection and drug resistance." Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 30(6): 445–600.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • He, X.Z., W. Chen, et al. (1991). "An epidemiological study of lung cancer in Xuan Wei County, China: current progress. Case-control study on lung cancer and cooking fuel." Environ Health Perspect 94: 9–13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hecht, S.S. (1999). "Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 91(14): 1194–1210.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henschke, C.I., D.I. McCauley, et al. (1999). "Early Lung Cancer Action Project: overall design and findings from baseline screening." Lancet 354(9173): 99–105.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hirvonen, A., K. Husgafvel-Pursiainen, et al. (1993). "The GSTM1 null genotype as a potential risk modifier for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung." Carcinogenesis 14(7): 1479–1481.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hittleman, W.N. (2002). "Effect of tobacco carcinogens on the bronchial epithelium." American Society of Clinical Oncology: 18–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hommura, F., H. Dosaka-Akita, et al. (2000). "Prognostic significance of p27KIP1 protein and ki-67 growth fraction in non-small cell lung cancers." Clin Cancer Res 6(10): 4073–4081.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, D.J., L.A. Briggs, et al. (1998). "Oxidative DNA damage in mouse heart, liver, and lung tissue due to acute side-stream tobacco smoke exposure." Arch Biochem Biophys 352(2): 293–297.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, G., C. Han, et al. (1995). "Inhibition of oncogene expression by green tea and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate in mice." Nutr Cancer 24(2): 203–209.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inoue, M., T. Osaki, et al. (1998). "Lung cancer patients have increased 8-hydroxydeoxygua-nosine levels in peripheral lung tissue DNA." Jpn J Cancer Res 89(7): 691–695.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ip, C., H.J. Thompson, et al. (2000). "Selenium modulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle biomarkers in normal and premalignant cells of the rat mammary gland." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 9(1): 49–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Islam, S., N. Islam, et al. (2000). "Involvement of caspase-3 in epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cells." Biochem Biophys Res Commun 270(3): 793–797.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Izzotti, A., R. M. Balansky, et al. (2001). "Modulation of biomarkers by chemopreventive agents in smoke-exposed rats." Cancer Res 61(6): 2472–2479.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, J.H. (1994). "Potential molecular mechanisms of oxidant-induced carcinogenesis." Environ Health Perspect 102Suppl 10: 155–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jemal, A., K.C. Chu, et al. (2001). "Recent trends in lung cancer mortality in the United States." J Natl Cancer Inst 93(4): 277–283.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jemal, A., R.C. Tiwari, et al. (2004). "Cancer statistics, 2004." CA Cancer J Clin 54(1): 8–29.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kabuto, M., H. Imai, et al. (1994). "Prediagnostic serum selenium and zinc levels and subsequent risk of lung and stomach cancer in Japan." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 3(6):465–469.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karch, N.J., M.A. Schneiderman (1981). Explaining the Urban Factor in Lung Cancer Mortality. A Report of the National Resources Defense Council. Washington DC, Clement Associates Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasai, H. (1998). "Hydroxyguanine in carcinogenesis." Pathophysiology 5(Supplement 1): 140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katiyar, S. K., R. Agarwal, et al. (1992). "(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Camellia sinensis leaves from Himalayan region of Sikkim: inhibitory effects against biochemical events and tumor initiation in Sencar mouse skin." Nutr Cancer 18(1): 73–83.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katoh, T., N. Nagata, et al. (1996). "Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma." Carcinogenesis 17(9): 1855–1859.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawamori, T., K. El-Bayoumy, et al. (1998). "Evaluation of benzyl selenocyanate glutathione conjugate for potential chemopreventive properties in colon carcinogenesis." Int J Oncol 13(1): 29–34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keefer, L.K. and D.A. Wink (1996). "DNA damage and nitric oxide." Adv Exp Med Biol 387: 177–185.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, T.C., S.P. Proudfoot, et al. (1996). "Cytopathological analysis of sputum in patients with airflow obstruction and significant smoking histories." Cancer Res 56(20): 4673–4678.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kersting, M., C. Friedl, et al. (2000). "Differential frequencies of p16(INK4a) promoter hypermethylation, p53 mutation, and K-ras mutation in exfoliative material mark the development of lung cancer in symptomatic chronic smokers." J Clin Oncol 18(18): 3221–3229.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ketterer, B., J.M. Harris, et al. (1992). "The human glutathione S-transferase supergene family, its polymorphism, and its effects on susceptibility to lung cancer." Environ Health Perspect 98: 87–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khuri, F.R., J.S. Lee, et al. (2001). "Modulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the bronchial epithelium of smokers." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 10(4): 311–318.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khuri, F.R., M.T. Spitz, W.K. Hong (1995). "Lung cancer chemoprevention: targeting former rather than current smokers." Can Prec Int 2: 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kihara, M. and K. Noda (1994). "Lung cancer risk of GSTM1 null genotype is dependent on the extent of tobacco smoke exposure." Carcinogenesis 15(2): 415–418.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knekt, P., A. Aromaa, et al. (1990). "Serum selenium and subsequent risk of cancer among Finnish men and women." J Natl Cancer Inst 82(10): 864–868.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knekt, P., R. Jarvinen, et al. (1991). "Dietary antioxidants and the risk of lung cancer." Am J Epidemiol 134(5): 471–479.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knekt, P., J. Marniemi, et al. (1998). "Is low selenium status a risk factor for lung cancer?" Am J Epidemiol 148(10): 975–982.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koomagi, R. and M. Volm (2000). "Relationship between the expression of caspase-3 and the clinical outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer." Anticancer Res 20(1B): 493–496.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kurie, J.M., R. Lotan, et al. (2003). "Treatment of former smokers with 9-cis-retinoic acid reverses loss of retinoic acid receptor-beta expression in the bronchial epithelium: results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial." J Natl Cancer Inst 95(3): 206–214.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuschner, M. (1968). "The causes of lung cancer." Am Rev Respir Dis 98(4): 573–590.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, S., J.C. leRiche, et al. (1999). "Sex-related differences in bronchial epithelial changes associated with tobacco smoking." J Natl Cancer Inst 91(8): 691–696.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lane, P. and S.S. Gross (1999). "Cell signaling by nitric oxide." Semin Nephrol 19(3): 215–229.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Le Marchand, L., T. Donlon, et al. (2002). "Association of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism with lung cancer risk." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11(4): 409–412.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H.Y., J. Chaudhary, et al. (1998). "Suppression of c-Fos gene transcription with malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells." Oncogene 16(23): 3039–3046.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leo, M.A., S.I. Aleynik, et al. (1997). "F2-isoprostane and 4-hydroxynonenal excretion in human bile of patients with biliary tract and pancreatic disorders." Am J Gastroenterol 92(11): 2069–2072.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levin, M. L., H. Goldstein, et al. (1950). "Cancer and tobacco smoking; a preliminary report." J Am Med Assoc 143(4): 336–338.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lippman, S.M., J.J. Lee, et al. (2001). "Randomized phase III intergroup trial of isotretinoin to prevent second primary tumors in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 93(8): 605–618.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lubin, J.H. and K. Steindorf (1995). "Cigarette use and the estimation of lung cancer attributable to radon in the United States." Radiat Res 141(1): 79–85.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacNee, W. (2001). "Oxidants/antioxidants and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: pathogenesis to therapy." Novartis Found Symp 234: 169–185; discussion 185–188.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maehira, F., F. Zaha, et al. (2000). "Effects of passive smoking on the regulation of rat aortic cholesteryl ester hydrolases by signal transduction." Lipids 35(5): 503–511.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mallat, Z., I. Philip, et al. (1998). "Elevated levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha in pericardial fluid of patients with heart failure: a potential role for in vivo oxidant stress in ventricular dilatation and progression to heart failure." Circulation 97(16): 1536–1539.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marks, F., K. Muller-Decker, et al. (2000). "A causal relationship between unscheduled eicosanoid signaling and tumor development: cancer chemoprevention by inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism." Toxicology 153(1–3): 11–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, M., M. Suzui, et al. (2001). "Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on growth, epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways, gene expression, and chemosensitivity in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines." Clin Cancer Res 7(12): 4220–4229.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mayne, S.T., J. Buenconsejo, et al. (1999). "Familial cancer history and lung cancer risk in United States nonsmoking men and women." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 8(12): 1065–1069.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melamed, M.R., B.J. Flehinger, et al. (1984). "Screening for early lung cancer. Results of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering study in New York." Chest 86(1): 44–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mendilaharsu, M., E. De Stefani, et al. (1998). "Consumption of tea and coffee and the risk of lung cancer in cigarette-smoking men: a case-control study in Uruguay." Lung Cancer 19(2): 101–107.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Menkes, M.S., G.W. Comstock, et al. (1986). "Serum beta-carotene, vitamins A and E, selenium, and the risk of lung cancer." N Engl J Med 315(20): 1250–1254.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montine, T.J., M.F. Beal, et al. (1999). "Cerebrospinal fluid F2-isoprostanes are elevated in Huntington's disease." Neurology 52(5): 1104–1105.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montuschi, P., G. Ciabattoni, et al. (1998). "8-Isoprostane as a biomarker of oxidative stress in interstitial lung diseases." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 158(5 Pt 1): 1524–1527.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morrow, J.D., T.A. Minton, et al. (1994). "Evidence that the F2-isoprostane, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2 alpha, is formed in vivo." Biochim Biophys Acta 1210(2): 244–248.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Narayanaswami, V. and H. Sies (1990). "Antioxidant activity of ebselen and related selenoorganic compounds in microsomal lipid peroxidation." Free Radic Res Commun 10(4–5): 237–244.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • NCI (2004). National Lung Screening Trial Reaches Goal of 50,000 Participants. http://www.cancer.gov/newscenter/pressreleases/NLSTgoal, National Cancer Institute Press Release, January 27, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, M.A., M. Reid, et al. (2002). "Prostate cancer and selenium." Urol Clin North Am 29(1): 67–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neuberger, J.S. and R.W. Field (2003). "Occupation and lung cancer in nonsmokers." Rev Environ Health 18(4): 251–267.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen, A., Z. Jing, et al. (2000). "In vivo gene expression profile analysis of metallothionein in renal cell carcinoma." Cancer Lett 160(2): 133–140.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nigro, J.M., S.J. Baker, et al. (1989). "Mutations in the p53 gene occur in diverse human tumour types." Nature 342(6250): 705–708.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nomura, A., L.K. Heilbrun, et al. (1987). "Serum selenium and the risk of cancer, by specific sites: case-control analysis of prospective data." J Natl Cancer Inst 79(1): 103–108.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohashi, N. and M. Yoshikawa (2000). "Rapid and sensitive quantification of 8-isoprostaglandin F2alpha in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry." J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 746(1): 17–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohno, Y., K. Wakai, et al. (1995). "Tea consumption and lung cancer risk: a case-control study in Okinawa, Japan." Jpn J Cancer Res 86(11): 1027–1034.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okai, Y. and K. Higashi-Okai (1997). "Potent suppressing activity of the non-polyphenolic fraction of green tea (Camellia sinensis) against genotoxin-induced umu C gene expression in Salmonella typhimurium (TA 1535/pSK 1002)—association with pheophytins a and b." Cancer Lett 120(1): 117–123.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Omenn, G.S., G.E. Goodman, et al. (1996). "Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease." N Engl J Med 334(18): 1150–1155.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palmisano, W.A., K. K. Divine, et al. (2000). "Predicting lung cancer by detecting aberrant promoter methylation in sputum." Cancer Res 60(21): 5954–5958.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park, J.Y., S.Y. Lee, et al. (2002). "Polymorphism of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 and risk of primary lung cancer." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11(1): 23–27.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Passey, R.D. (1962). "Some problems of lung cancer." Lancet 2: 107–112.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pemble, S., K.R. Schroeder, et al. (1994). "Human glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1): cDNA cloning and the characterization of a genetic polymorphism." Biochem J 300 (Pt 1): 271–276.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peterhans, E. (1997). "Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in viral diseases." Biol Trace Elem Res 56(1): 107–116.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petty, W.J., K. H. Dragnev, et al. (2003). "Cyclin D1 as a target for chemoprevention." Lung Cancer 41(1): 155–161.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, D.H. (2002). "Smoking-related DNA and protein adducts in human tissues." Carcinogenesis 23(12): 1979–2004.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pratico, D., L. Iuliano, et al. (1998). "Enhanced lipid peroxidation in hepatic cirrhosis." J Investig Med 46(2): 51–57.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pratico, D., M.Y. L. V, et al. (1998). "Increased F2-isoprostanes in Alzheimer's disease: evidence for enhanced lipid peroxidation in vivo." Faseb J 12(15): 1777–1783.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prokopczyk, B., J.E. Cox, et al. (1996). "Effects of dietary 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)seleno-cyanate on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced DNA adduct formation in lung and liver of A/J mice and F344 rats." Carcinogenesis 17(4): 749–753.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, C.V., B. Simi, et al. (2000). "Mechanisms in the chemoprevention of colon cancer: modulation of protein kinase C, tyrosine protein kinase and diacylglycerol kinase activities by 1,4-phenylenebis-(methylene)selenocyanate and impact of low-fat diet." Int J Oncol 16(3): 519–527.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rebbeck, T.R. (1997). "Molecular epidemiology of the human glutathione S-transferase genotypes GSTM1 and GSTT1 in cancer susceptibility." Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 6(9): 733–743.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Resnicow, K., G. Kabat, et al. (1991). "Progress in decreasing cigarette smoking." Important Adv Oncol: 205–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogot, E. and J. Murray (1980). "Cancer mortality among nonsmokers in an insured group of U.S. veterans." J Natl Cancer Inst 65(5): 1163–1168.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ronai, Z., J.K. Tillotson, et al. (1995). "Effects of organic and inorganic selenium compounds on rat mammary tumor cells." Int J Cancer 63(3): 428–434.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saarikoski, S.T., A. Voho, et al. (1998). "Combined effect of polymorphic GST genes on individual susceptibility to lung cancer." Int J Cancer 77(4): 516–521.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salonen, J.T., G. Alfthan, et al. (1984). "Association between serum selenium and the risk of cancer." Am J Epidemiol 120(3): 342–349.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schrauzer, G. N. (1976). "Cancer mortality correlation studies. II. Regional associations of mortalities with the consumptions of foods and other commodities." Med Hypotheses 2(2): 39–49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sebti, S. M. (2003). "Blocked pathways: FTIs shut down oncogene signals." Oncologist 8(3): 30–38.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seidegard, J., W.R. Vorachek, et al. (1988). "Hereditary differences in the expression of the human glutathione transferase active on trans-stilbene oxide are due to a gene deletion." Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85(19): 7293–7297.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seow, A., B. Zhao, et al. (2001). "Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) activity and lung cancer risk: a preliminary study among Chinese women in Singapore." Carcinogenesis 22(4): 673–677.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shamberger, R.J. and D.V. Frost (1969). "Possible protective effect of selenium against human cancer." Can Med Assoc J 100(14): 682.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shen, H.M., C.N. Ong, et al. (1995). "Aflatoxin B1-induced 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine formation in rat hepatic DNA." Carcinogenesis 16(2): 419–422.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shopland, D.R. (1995). "Tobacco use and its contribution to early cancer mortality with a special emphasis on cigarette smoking." Environ Health Perspect 103(Suppl 8): 131–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigler, K. and R.J. Ruch (1993). "Enhancement of gap junctional intercellular communication in tumor promoter-treated cells by components of green tea." Cancer Lett 69(1): 15–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, C.A., G. Smith, et al. (1994). "Genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolism." Eur J Cancer 30A(13): 1921–1935.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stich, H.F., M. P. Rosin, et al. (1982). "Inhibition of mutagenicity of a model nitrosation reaction by naturally occurring phenolics, coffee and tea." Mutat Res 95(2–3): 119–128.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stoner, G.D. and H. Mukhtar (1995). "Polyphenols as cancer chemopreventive agents." J Cell Biochem Suppl 22: 169–180.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, G.M., R. E. Gleason, et al. (1997). "Screening for lung cancer. Another look; a different view." Chest 111(3): 754–768.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suganuma, M., Y. Ohkura, et al. (2001). "Combination cancer chemoprevention with green tea extract and sulindac shown in intestinal tumor formation in Min mice." J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 127(1): 69–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suganuma, M., S. Okabe, et al. (1999). "Synergistic effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate with (-)-epicatechin, sulindac, or tamoxifen on cancer-preventive activity in the human lung cancer cell line PC-9." Cancer Res 59(1): 44–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sung, H., J. Nah, et al. (2000). "In vivo antioxidant effect of green tea." Eur J Clin Nutr 54(7): 527–529.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takeuchi, T., M. Nakajima, et al. (1994). "Establishment of a human system that generates O2-and induces 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, typical of oxidative DNA damage, by a tumor promotor." Cancer Res 54(22): 5837–5840.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, X., F.R. Khuri, et al. (2000). "Hypermethylation of the death-associated protein (DAP) kinase promoter and aggressiveness in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 92(18): 1511–1516.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tenkanen, L., T. Hakulinen, et al. (1987). "The joint effect of smoking and respiratory symptoms on risk of lung cancer." Int J Epidemiol 16(4): 509–515.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tewes, F.J., L.C. Koo, et al. (1990). "Lung cancer risk and mutagenicity of tea." Environ Res 52(1): 23–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tockman, M. (1986). "Survival and mortality from lung cancer in a screened population: the Johns Hopkins Study." Chest 89: 325S–326S.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tockman, M.S., N.R. Anthonisen, et al. (1987). "Airways obstruction and the risk for lung cancer." Ann Intern Med 106(4): 512–518.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tokuhata, G.K. and A.M. Lilienfeld (1963). "Familial aggregation of lung cancer in humans." J Natl Cancer Inst 30: 289–312.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Toyokuni, S., K. Okamoto, et al. (1995). "Persistent oxidative stress in cancer." FEBS Lett 358(1): 1–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • USDDHS (2000). Healthy People 2010, 2nd Edition. Washington DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDEW (1964). Smoking and Health. Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service. DHEW Publication No. 1103. U.S. Department of Health, Public Health Service, Communicable Disease Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDHHS (1964). Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service Source.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDHHS (1980). The Health Consequences of Smoking for Women. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Smoking and Health. Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Brandt, P.A., R.A. Goldbohm, et al. (1993). "A prospective cohort study on toenail selenium levels and risk of gastrointestinal cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 85(3): 224–229.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vinceti, M., S. Rovesti, et al. (1995). "Cancer mortality in a residential cohort exposed to environmental selenium through drinking water." J Clin Epidemiol 48(9): 1091–1097.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, H., Jr. and J.C. Ruckdeschel (1995). "Screening, Early Detection, and Early Intervention Strategies for Lung Cancer." Cancer Control 2(6): 493–502.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, R. (1929). "A ‘Lucky’ or a sweet — or both!" Nation 123: 305–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, X.D. and R.M. Russell (1999). "Procarcinogenic and anticarcinogenic effects of beta-carotene." Nutr Rev 57(9 Pt 1): 263–272.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., Q. Zhou, et al. (2000). "[Transcriptional expression of apoptosis suppression gene bcl-2 in non-small cell lung carcinoma]." Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 17(4): 262–265.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Z.Y., J.Y. Hong, et al. (1992). "Inhibition of N-nitrosodiethylamine-and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and black tea." Cancer Res 52(7): 1943–1947.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wei, L., H. Wei, et al. (1993). "Sensitivity to tumor promotion of SENCAR and C57BL/6J mice correlates with oxidative events and DNA damage." Carcinogenesis 14(5): 841–847.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wisnivesky, J.P., A.I. Mushlin, et al. (2003). "The cost-effectiveness of low-dose CT screening for lung cancer: preliminary results of baseline screening." Chest 124(2): 614–621.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wistuba, II, C. Behrens, et al. (1999). "Sequential molecular abnormalities are involved in the multistage development of squamous cell lung carcinoma." Oncogene 18(3): 643–650.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, M.L., M. Dizdaroglu, et al. (1990). "Mechanistic studies of ionizing radiation and oxidative mutagenesis: genetic effects of a single 8-hydroxyguanine (7-hydro-8-oxoguanine) residue inserted at a unique site in a viral genome." Biochemistry 29(30): 7024–7032.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, L., J. Lanfear, et al. (1995). "The selenium metabolite selenodiglutathione induces cell death by a mechanism distinct from H2O2 toxicity." Carcinogenesis 16(7): 1579–1584.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, G.P., P.J. Song, et al. (1993). "Effects of fruit juices, processed vegetable juice, orange peel and green tea on endogenous formation of N-nitrosoproline in subjects from a high-risk area for gastric cancer in Moping County, China." Eur J Cancer Prev 2(4): 327–335.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, Y., C.T. Ho, et al. (1992). "Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and its major polyphenol as antioxidants." Cancer Res 52(14): 3875–3879.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamashita, T., T. Uchida, et al. (1997). "Nitric oxide is an effector molecule in inhibition of tumor cell growth by rIFN-gamma-activated rat neutrophils." Int J Cancer 71(2): 223–230.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yandell, D.W., T.A. Campbell, et al. (1989). "Oncogenic point mutations in the human retinoblastoma gene: their application to genetic counseling." N Engl J Med 321(25): 1689–1695.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, C.S. and Z.Y. Wang (1993). "Tea and cancer." J Natl Cancer Inst 85(13): 1038–1049.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, C.S., G.Y. Yang, et al. (1998). "Tea and tea polyphenols inhibit cell hyperproliferation, lung tumorigenesis, and tumor progression." Exp Lung Res 24(4): 629–639.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yano, S., K. Kondo, et al. (2003). "Distribution and function of EGFR in human tissue and the effect of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition." Anticancer Res 23(5 A): 3639–3650.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, S.Y., Y.J. Chu, et al. (1985). "Regional variation of cancer mortality incidence and its relation to selenium levels in China." Biological Trace Element Research 7: 21–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, J., S. Jiang, et al. (2001). "Antioxidant supplementation prevents oxidation and inflammatory responses induced by sidestream cigarette smoke in old mice." Environ Health Perspect 109(10): 1007–1009.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, Y., J. Cao, et al. (1997). "Apoptosis induced by tea polyphenols in HL-60 cells." Cancer Lett 121(2): 163–167.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, S., A.F. Howie, et al. (1991). "Glutathione S-transferase mu locus: use of genotyping and phenotyping assays to assess association with lung cancer susceptibility." Carcinogenesis 12(9): 1533–1537.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zieba, M., M. Suwalski, et al. (2000). "Comparison of hydrogen peroxide generation and the content of lipid peroxidation products in lung cancer tissue and pulmonary parenchyma." Respir Med 94(8): 800–805.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zochbauer-Muller, S., K.M. Fong, et al. (2001). "Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes in non-small cell lung cancers." Cancer Res 61(1): 249–255.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hakim, I., Garland, L. (2005). Lung Cancer Prevention. In: Alberts, D.S., Hess, L.M. (eds) Fundamentals of Cancer Prevention. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26337-3_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26337-3_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24212-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26337-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics