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Excited states of chromium(III) in translucent glass-ceramics as prospective laser materials

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Solid Materials

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 69))

Abstract

The first excited quartet state 4T2 of chromium(III) provides broad-band luminescence in the near infrared. If the first doublet state 2E is below the 4T2 potential minimum, a narrow band may be emitted with high yield, as known from ruby. Glass-ceramics containing Cr(III) may show high quantum efficiency of 4T2 at room temperature, contrary to most other compounds. When the heat treatment is such that micro-crystallites of spinel, gahnite, mullite, virgilite, ... are obtained having dimensions smaller than the wave-length of violet light, transparent glassy-looking materials are obtained which may be suitable for tunable lasers similar to alexandrite, and luminescent solar concentrators. The absorption and emission spectra of Cr(III) are treated here in the angular overlap model. The sub-shell energy difference Δ (= 10 Dq) of Cr(III) in glasses is around 0.86 and in glass-ceramics 0.96 to 1.05 times its value of the aqua ion. Evidence is presented that the band widths and Stokes shift cannot be fully explained by effects of totally symmetric stretching. The multi-dimensional potential surfaces, combined with the Tanabe-Kamimura theorem and the Jahn-Teller effect, provide a more complete explanation of the spectroscopic behaviour. Anti-ferromagnetic and spin-orbit coupling are shortly reviewed. Comparison between chromium(III) luminescence and the exceptional Stokes shift of hexacyanocobaltate(III) is made.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Enrique Berman Professor of Solar Energy; Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel

    Renata Reisfeld

  2. Département de Chimie, Analytique et Appliquée, Université de Genève, CH 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland

    Christian K. Jørgensen

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  1. Renata Reisfeld
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Reisfeld, R., Jørgensen, C.K. (1988). Excited states of chromium(III) in translucent glass-ceramics as prospective laser materials. In: Solid Materials. Structure and Bonding, vol 69. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-18790-1_2

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