Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The chemistry of chelating agents in medical sciences

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Coordination Compounds: Synthesis and Medical Application

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 67))

Abstract

In the last few years interest in chelating agents has expanded rapidly with increases in the number and variety of chelating agents. Chelating agents are no longer used in medical sciences primarily to remove toxic metals from the body. Some of their new uses are to be found in non-invasive diagnostic medicine, where they are used to carry either γ-emitting or paramagnetic cations to specific parts of the body, and in the manipulation of nucleic acids, a process which facilitates fragmentation into designated sequences of nucleotides. As antimetabolites, chelating agents might find uses in the chemotherapy of protozoa, viruses, microorganisms and cancer.

The development of NMR for nuclei of the metallic elements will lead to the use of new chelating agents as models of metalloproteins.

Future developments in the use of chelating agents in the medical sciences will rest upon the preparation of new chelating agents. Of particular value for understanding the binding of metals by proteins will be the preparation of chelating agents containing mixed functional groups.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Wood, J. M.: Naturwissenschaften 62, 357 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Vallee, B. L., Wacker, W. E. C.: in: The Proteins (ed. Neurath, H.), Vol. V, p. 1, New York, Academic Press 1970

    Google Scholar 

  3. Blundell, T. L., Jenkins, J. A.: Chem. Soc. Rev. 6, 139 (1977)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Chenoweth, M. B.: Pharmacol. Rev. 8, 57 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Seven, M. J., Johnson, L. A. (eds.): Metal-Binding in Medicine, Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co. 1960

    Google Scholar 

  6. Frederick, J. F. (ed.): Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 88, 281 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Johnson, L. A., Seven, M. J. (eds.): Fed. Proc. 20, Suppl. 10, 1 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pullman, T. N., Lavender, A. R., Forland, M.: Annu. Rev. Med. 14, 175 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Catsch, A.: Radioactive Metal Mobilization in Medicine, Springfield, Ill., Charles C. Thomas 1964

    Google Scholar 

  10. Chenoweth, M. B.: Clin. Pharmacol. Therap. 3, 365 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Catsch, A., Harmuth-Hoene, A. E., Mellor, D. P.: International Encyclopedia of Pharmacology and therapeutic applications of agents: The Chelation of Metal Heavy Metals (ed. Sartorelli, A. C.), Oxford, Pergamon Press 1979

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jones, M. M.:Therapeutic chelating agents, in: Metal Ions in Biological Systems 16, p. 1 (ed. Sigel, H.), New York, Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1980

    Google Scholar 

  13. May, P. M., Bulman, R. A.: Prog. Med. Chem. 20, 225 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Craven, P. C., Morrelli, H. F.: West. J. Med. 122, 277 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Soffler, A.: J. Am. Med. Assoc. 233, 1206 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bennett, D. D.: Sci. News 127, 138 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Peters, H. A.: Curr. Ther. Neurol. Dis. 317 (1985–1986)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Nieboer, E., Richardson, D. H. S.: Environ. Pollut. (Ser. B) 1, 3 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Arena, J. M.: Poisoning, p. 369, Springfield, Illinois, Charles C. Thomas 1970

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bergsma, D., Cerami, A., Peterson, C. M., Graziano, J. H. (eds.): Iron Metabolism and Thalassemia, New York, Alan R. Liss, Inc. 1976

    Google Scholar 

  21. Anon. Lancet i, 479 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Cikrt, M., Poňka, P., Nečas, E., Neuwrt, J.: Br. J. Haematol. 45, 275 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Baker, E., Vitolo, M. L., Webb, J.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 34, 3011 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Young, S. P., Baker, E., Huehns, E. R.: Br. J. Haematol. 41, 357 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lau, E. H., Cerny, E. A., Wright, B. J., Rahman, Y. E.: J. Lab. Clin. Med. 101, 806 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Pitt, C. G., Gupta, G., Estes, W. E., Rosenkrantz, H., Metterville, J. J., Crumbliss, A. L., Palmer, R. A., Nordquest, K. W., Sprinkle Hardy, K. A., Whitcomb, D. R., Byers, B. R., Arceneaux, J. E. L., Gaines, C. G., Sciortino, C. V.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 208, 12 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Nagara, H., Yajima, K., Suzuki, K.: J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 40, 428 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Vaughan, A. T. M., Keeling, A., Yankuba, S. C. S.: Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 36, 803 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Neirinckx, R. D.: Chem. Br. 355 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Jones, A. G., Davison, A.: J. Nucl. Med. 23, 1041 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pinkerton, T. C., Desilets, C. P., Hoch, D. J., Mikelsons, M. V., Wilson, G. M.: J. Chem. Educ. 62, 965 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Ketring, A. R., Deutsch, E., Libson, K., Vanderheyden, J.-L., Sodd, V. J., Nishiyama, H., Lukes, S.: J. Nucl. Med. 24, p. 9 abstr. (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Vanderheyden, J.-L., Deutsch, E., Libson, K., Ketring, A. R.: ibid. 24, p. 9 abstr. (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Subramanyam, V., Linder, K. E., Sammartano, M. C., Pendleton, D. B., Delano, M., Liteplo, M., Camin, L. L.: ibid. 24, p. 9 (abstr.) (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Thakur, M. L.: Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 34, 617 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Volkert, W. A., Mckenzie, E. H., Hoffman, T. J., Troutner, D. E., Holmes, R. A.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. 11, 243 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Andrew, E. R.: Acc. Chem. Res. 16, 116 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Morris, P. G.: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology, Oxford, Clarendon Press 1986

    Google Scholar 

  39. Sorenson, J. R. J.: Prog. Med. Chem. 15, 210 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Sorenson, J. R. J.: Chem. Br. 1110 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  41. DeAlvare, L. R., Goda, K., Kimura, T.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 69, 687 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Weser, U., Riphter, C., Wendel, A., Younef, M.: Bioinorg. Chem. 8, 201 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Perrin, D. D., Stünzi, H.: Pharm. Ther. 12, 255 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Hutchinson, D. W.: Antiviral Res. 5, 193 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Hutchinson, D. W., Naylor, M., Cullis, P. M.: ibid. 5, 67 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Djordjevic, C., Wampler, G. L.: J. Inorg. Biochem. 25, 51 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Albert, A.: Selective Toxicity, London, Chapman and Hall 19735

    Google Scholar 

  48. Youatt, J.: Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 35, 565 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Gershon, H., Shanks, L.: Can. J. Microbiol. 27, 612 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Pijper, P. J.: Synthesis and Antimycoplasmal Activity of Compounds Structurally Related to 2,2′-Bipyridyl. Ph.D. Thesis, Free University Amsterdam 1980

    Google Scholar 

  51. Smit, H.: Studies on the Mode of Action of the Copper(I) Complex of 2,9–Dimethyl–1, 10Phenanthroline on Paracoccus Denitrificans and Mycloplasma Gallisepticum. Ph.D. Thesis, Free University Amsterdam 1982

    Google Scholar 

  52. Smit, H., Van Der Goot, H., Nauta, W. T., Pijper, P. P., Bait, S., De Bolstor, M. W. G., Stouthamer, A. H., Verheul, H., Vis, R. D.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 18, 249 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Smit, H., Van Der Goot, H., Nauta, W. T., Timmerman, H., De Bolster, M. W. G., Stouthamer, A. H., Vis, R. D.: ibid. 21, 881 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Gaisser, H.-D., v. d. Gout, H., Timmerman, H.: Eur. J. Med. Chem.-Chim. Ther. 20, 513 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Anon. Lancet i, 72 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Damico, R.: US Pat. 358399; Chem. Abstr. 75, 76 623 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Proctor and Gamble Co.: Fr. Demande 2178819; Chem. Abstr. 80, 96 163 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Dobek, A. S., Klayman, D. L., Scovill, J. P., Dickson, E. T. Jr.: Chemotherapy 32, 25 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Rogers, H. J., Synge, C., Woods, V. E.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother. 18, 63 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Rogers, H. J., Woods, V. E., Synge, C.: J. Gen. Microbiol. 128, 2389 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Plaha, D. S., Rogers, H. J., Williams, G. W.: J. Antibiot. 37, 588 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Nabiln, J., El-Wassini, M. T., Karnel, M. M., Metrü, J.: Egypt. J. Bilb. 2, 177 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  63. Fritsch, G., Freumer, J., Spiro, D. T., Jung, A.: Exp. Parasitol. 60, 171 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Rosenberg, B.: Clinical Aspects of Platinum Anticancer Drugs, in: Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Vol. 11, p. 1 (ed. Sigel, H.), New York, Marcel Dekker Inc. 1980

    Google Scholar 

  65. Sadler, P. J.: Chem. Br. 182 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  66. Cleare, M. J.: in: Structure-Activity Relationships of Anti-tumour Agents (eds. Connors, T. A., Pinedo, H. M., van de Poll, K. W.), p. 59, The Hague 1983

    Google Scholar 

  67. Roberts, J., Thompson, A. J.: Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol. 22, 71 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Tonew, M., Tonew, E., Schröer, H.-P., Heyn, B.: Zbl. Bkt. Hyg., I. Abt. Orig. A 249, 296 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  69. Tonew, M., Tonew, E., Schröer, H.-P., Heyn, B.: ibid. A 249, 421 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  70. Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J. M. C.: Biochem. J. 219, 1 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J. M. C.: Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London B. 311, 659 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Anon. Lancet i, 143 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  73. Butler, J., Halliwell, B.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 218, 174 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Buettner, G. R., Oberley, L. W., Leuthauser, S. W. H. C.: Photochem. Photobiol. 28, 693 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Halliwell, B.: FEBS Lett. 96, 238 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Gutteridge, J. M. C., Richmond, R., Halliwell, B.: Biochem. J. 184, 469 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Giordano, N., Fioravanti, A., Sancasiani, S., Marcolongo, R., Borghi, C.: Br. Med. J. 289, 961 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Blake, D. R., Winyard, P., Lunec, J., Williams, A., Good, P. A., Crewes, S. J., Gutteridge, J. M. C., Rowley, D., Halliwell, B., Cornish, A., Hider, R. C.: Quart. J. Med. 56, 345 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Prouse, S. J.: cited in Ref. 72

    Google Scholar 

  80. Anderson, R. L., Campbell, R. L.: CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 15, 1 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Nixon, G. A., Belcher, E. V., Niewenkins, R. J.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 21, 244 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Sifri, M., Lowry, D. C., Kratzer, F. H., Norris, L. C.: J. Nutr. 108, 719 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Cantilena, L. R., Klaasen, C. D.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 63, 344 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Profitt, R. T., Williams, L. E., Presant, C. A., Tin, G. W., Uliana, J. A., Gamble, R. C., Balleschuieler, J. D.: J. Nucl. Med. 24, 45 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  85. Goddard, J. G., Sweeney, G. D.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 32, 3879 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Keen, C. L., Saltman, P., Hurley, L. S.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33, 1789 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Keen, C. L., Lönnerdal, B., Sloan, M. V., Hurley, L. S.: J. Nutr. 10, 897 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  88. Brownie, C. F., Aronson, A. L.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 75, 167 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Rosenblatt, D. E., Aronson, A. L.: Exp. Mol. Pathol. 28, 202 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Brownie, C. F., Haluska, M., Aronson, A. L.: Toxicologist 1, 148 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  91. Duffield, J. R., May, P. M., Williams, D. R.: J. Inorg. Biochem. 20, 199 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Foley, P.: National Inst. of Occupational Safety and Health/Department of Health, Education and Welfare Press Release on Lead and Chelating Agents, March 1976

    Google Scholar 

  93. FDA Memorandum on Penicillamine, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, May 28, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  94. Langärd, S., Norseth, T.: in: Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals (eds. Friberg, L., Nordberg, G. F., Vouk, V. B.), p. 383, Amsterdam-New York-Oxford, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press 1979

    Google Scholar 

  95. Management of Persons Accidentally Contaminated with Radionuclides: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, NCRP Report No. 65, p. 146, 1980

    Google Scholar 

  96. Robinson, B., Heid, K. R., Aldridge, T. L., Glenn, R. D.: Health Phys. 45, 911 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Planas-Bohne, F., Olinger, H.: ibid. 31, 165 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Rahman, Y. E., Rosenthal, M. W., Cerny, E. A.: Science 180, 300 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Stather, J. W., Smith, H., James, A. C., Rodwell, P.: in: Diagnosis and Treatment of Incorporated Radionuclides, p. 387, Vienna, Internat. Atomic Energy Agency 1976

    Google Scholar 

  100. Pecoraro, V. L., Harris, W. R., Carrano, C. J., Raymond, K. N.: Biochemistry 20, 7033 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Martell, A. E.: in: Developments of Iron Chelators for Clinical Use (eds. Martell, A. E., Anderson, W. F., Badman, D. G.), p. 67, New York, Elsevier North Holland 1981

    Google Scholar 

  102. Rajan, K. S., Mainer, S., Rajan, N. L., Davis, J. M.: J. Inorg. Biochem. 14, 339 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Lauffer, R. B., Greif, W. L., Stark, D. D., Vincent, A. C., Saini, S., Wedeen, U.J., Brady, T. J.: J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 9, 431 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Poldoski, J. E., Bydalek, T. J.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 41, 205 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Yeh, S. M., Sherman, D. G., Meares, C. F.: Anal. Biochem. 100, 152 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Altman, J., Shoef, N., Wilcheck, M., Warshawsky, A.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I, 365 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  107. Altman, J., Shoef, N., Wilcheck, M., Warshawsky, A.: ibid. I, 59 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  108. Rzessotarski, W. J., Paik, C., Eckelman, W. C., Reba, R. C.: J. Labelled Compd. Radiopharm. XIII, 172 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  109. Bard, D. R., Knight, C. G., Page Thomas, D. P.: Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 1, 113 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Campbell, A. K.: Intracellular Calcium. John Wiley & Sons Limited. Chichester-New YorkBrisbane — Toronto — Singapore 1983

    Google Scholar 

  111. Tsien, R. Y.: Nature (London) 290, 527 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Smith, G. A., Hesketh, T. R., Metcalfe, J. C., Feeney, J., Morris, P. G.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 7178 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Rogers, J., Hesketh, T. R., Smith, G. A., Metcalfe, J. C.: J. Biol. Chem. 258, 5994 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Metcalfe, J. C., Hesketh, J. R., Smith, G. A.: Cell Calcium 6, 183 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Aiken, J. K.: Chem. Ind. 1334 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  116. Bulman, R. A.: Plzen. Lék. Sborn. Suppl. 49, in press

    Google Scholar 

  117. Krescarek, G. E., Tucker, K. L.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 77, 581 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  118. Bersworth, F. C.: French Pat. 1,601,743

    Google Scholar 

  119. Alner, D. J., Claret, P. A., Osborne, A. G.: Chem. Ind. 1165 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  120. Markeley, J. F.: Int. J. Rad. Biol. 7, 405 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  121. Bulman, R. A., Griffin, R. J., Russell, A. T.: Health Phys. 37, 729 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Bulman, R. A., Griffin, R. J.: Naturwissenschaften 67, 483 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  123. Volf, V., Peters, E.: Health Phys. 46, 422 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Crawley, F. E. H., Bulman, R. A., Haines, J. W.: NRPB/R&D3, p. 109 HMSO, London ] 1978

    Google Scholar 

  125. Planas Bohne, F., Lehman, M.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharm. 67, 408 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Bulman, R. A., Nicholson, J. K., Higham, D. P., Sadler, P. J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 1118 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Nicholson, J. K., Sadler, P. J., Cain, K., Holt, D. E., Webb, M., Hawkes, G. E.: Biochem. J. 211, 251 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Furst, A.: Chemistry of Chelation in Cancer, Springfield, Illinois, C. C. Thomas 1963

    Google Scholar 

  129. Creighton, A. M., Jeffrey, W. A., Long, J.: Proc. 6th Int. Symp. Med. Chem. Chem. Brighton UK, Cotswold Press, Oxford 1979

    Google Scholar 

  130. Bakowski, M. T.: Cancer Treat. Rep. 3, 95 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Huang, Z. X., May, P. M., Quinlan, K. M., Williams, D. R., Creighton, A. M.: Agents Actions 12, 536 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Camerman, N., Hempel, A.: Science 225, 1165 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Johansson, R. S., Falch, D. K.: Ent. J. Nucl. Med. 3, 179 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Karesh, S. M., Eckelman, W. C., Reba, R. C.: J. Pharm. Sci. 66, 225 (1977)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Làzickova, A., Karlicek, R., Kvetina, J., Kronrad, L., Kusak, V.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 11, 170 (l984)

    Google Scholar 

  136. Wesley, G. E., Higgins, C. B., McNamara, M. T., Engelstad, B. L., Lipton, M. J., Ehman, R. L., Brasch, R. C., Lovin, J. D.: Radiology 153, 165 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  137. Carr, D. H., Brown, J., Bydder, F. M., Weinmann, H. J., Speck, U., Thomas, D. J., Young, I. R.: Lancet i, 484 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  138. Felix, R., Schoener, W., Claussen, C., Fiegler, W., Neindorf, H. P.: Radiology 153, 84 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  139. Bydder, G. M., Kingsley, D. P. E., Brown, J., Niendorf, H. P., Young, I. R.: J. Comput. Assit. Tomogr. 9, No. 4, 690 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Bydder, G. M., Brown, J., Niendorf, H. P., Young, I. R.: ibid. 9, 847 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Revel, D., Brasch, R. C., Paajanen, H., Rosenau, W., Grodd, W., Engelstad, B., Fox, P., Winkelhake, J.: Radiology 158, 319 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Runge, V. M., Clanton, J. A., Smith, F. W., Hutchinson, M. J., Partain, C. L., James, A. E.: Roentgenology 141, 943 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Lovin, J. D., Wesbey, G. E., Engelstad, B. L., Sosnovsky, G., Moseley, M., Tuck, D. L., Brasch, R. C.: Mag. Res. Imag. 3, 73 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Doughtery, G., Pilbrow, J. R.: Int. J. Biochem. 16, 1179 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  145. Burger, R. M., Peisach, J., Horwitz, S. B.: Life Sci. 28, 715 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Marshall, L. E., Graham, D. R., Reich, K. A., Sigman, D. S.: Biochemistry 20, 244 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Cone, R., Hasan, S. K., Lown, J. W., Morgan, A. R.: Can. J. Biochem. 54, 219 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Hertzberg, R. P., Dervan, P. B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 313 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Schultz, P. G., Taylor, J. S., Dervan, P. B.: ibid. 104, 6861 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  150. Schultz, P. G., Dervan, P. B.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80, 6834 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Schultz, P. G., Dervan, P. B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105, 7748 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Taylor, J. S., Schultz, P. G., Dervan, P. B.: Tetrahedron 40, 457 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Boutorin, A. S., Vlassov, V. V., Kazakov, S. A., Kutiavin, I. V., Podymonogin, M. A.: FEBS Lett. 172, 1560 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  154. Kean, J. M., White, S. A., Draper, D. E.: Biochemistry 24, 5062 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Dreyer, G. B., Dervan, P. B.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82, 968 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Youngquist, R. S., Dervan, P. B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 107, 5528 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Anbar, M., Aviad, I., Rein, R., Schorr, S.: Experientia 16, 443 (1960)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Shtacher, G., Anbar, M.: J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 152, 157 (1966)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Loberg, M. D., Cooper, M., Harvey, E., Callery, P., Faith, W.: J. Nucl. Med. 17, 633 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Callery, P. S., Faith, W. C., Loberg, M. D., Fields, A. T., Harvey, E. B., Cooper, M. D.: J. Med. Chem. 19, 963 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  161. Van Wyck, A. J., Fourie, P. J.,Van Zyl, W. H., Lötter, M. G., Minnaar, P. C.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 4, 445 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  162. Choitellis, E., Varvarigou, A.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 7, 1 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  163. Graham, B. W., Desuliis, C. M., Mattson, R. J., Sowell, J. W.: J. Pharm. Sci. 71, 362 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Schachner, E. R., Gil, C., Atkins, H. C.: J. Nucl. Med. 20, 682 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  165. Subramanian, G., McAfee, J. G., Rosenstreich, M., Coco, M.: ibid. 16, 1080 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Szot, Z., Zablotna, R., Geisler, J., Poczynajlo, A.: Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 34, 187 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Szot, S.: EULEP Newsletter, No. 30, 46 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  168. Taliaferro, C. H., Martell, A. E.: J. Coord. Chem. 13, 249 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Russell, R. G. G., Fleisch, H.: The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone IV, 61 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  170. Fleisch, H.: in: Bone Resorption, Metastasis and Diphosphonates (ed. Garattini, S.), New York, Raven Press 1985

    Google Scholar 

  171. Libson, K., Deutsch, E., Barnett, B. L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102, 2476 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Russell, R. G. G., Smith, R., Preston, C., Walton, R. J., Woods, G. G.: Lancet i, 894 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  173. Instituto Gentil, Pisa SpA: Belg BE 891, 891: Chem. Abstr. 97, 168913b

    Google Scholar 

  174. Edmonds-Alt, X., Brelière, J.-C., Roncucci, R.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 34, 4043 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  175. Jurisson, S. S., Benedict, J. J., Elder, R. C., Whittle, R., Deutsch, E.: Inorg. Chem. 22, 1332 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Deutsch, E., Barnett, B. L.: in: Inorganic Chemistry in Biology and Medicine (ed. Martell, A. E.), p. 130, Washington, D.C., Am. Chem. Soc. 1980

    Google Scholar 

  177. Francis, M. D., Ferguson, D. L., Tofe, A. J., Bevan, J. A., Michaels, S. E.: J. Nucl. Med. 21, 1185 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Syhre, R., Johannsen, B., Bunze, R., Mocker, D.: in: Technetium and Nuclear Medicine (eds. Deutsch, E., Nicolini, M., Wagner, H. N.), p. 39, Verona, Cortina-International 1983

    Google Scholar 

  179. Subramanian, G., McAfee, J. G., Thomas, F. D., Feld, T. A., Zapf-Longo, C., Palladino, E.: Radiobiology 149, 823 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Wang, T. S. T., Fawwraz, R. A., Johnson, Z. J., Johnson, P. M.: J. Nucl. Med. 21, 767 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Wilson, G. M., Pinkerton, T. C.: Anal. Chem. 57, 246 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Cheng, K. T., Shaw, S. M., Pinkerton, T. C., Hoch, D. J., Van Sickle, D.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 197 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Schümichen, C., Koch, K., Kraus, A., Kuhlicke, G., Weiler, K., Wenn, A., Hoffman, G.: J. Nucl. Med. 21, 1080 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  184. Jovanović, V., Maksin, T., Rastovac, M., Bzenić, J.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 8, 179 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  185. Savelkoul, T. J. F., Oldenburg, S. J., Van Oort, W. J., Duursma, S. A.: Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 35, 709 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Potsaid, M. S., Irwin, R. J., Castronovo, F. P., Prout, G. R., Harvey, W. J., Francis, M. D., Tofe, A. J., Zamenkoff, R. G.: J. Nucl. Med. 19, 98 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Mathieu, L., Chevalier, P., Galy, G., Berger, M.: Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 30, 725 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Oster, Z. H., Som, P., Srivastava, S. C., Fairchild, R. G., Meinken, G. E., Tillman, D. Y., Sacker, D. F., Richards, P., Atkins, H. L., Brill, A. B., Knapp, F. F., Jr., Butler, T. A.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 175 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Roth, H. J., Höfkens, J.: Arch. Pharm. 315, 131 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Aggett, P. J., Delves, H. T., Harries, J. T., Bangham, A. D.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 87, 513 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Dodin, A., Gellin, J., Guillou,M.: in: Current Chemotherapy, Proc. 10th Internat. Congress Chemotherapy (eds. Siegenthaler, W., Lüthy, R.), p. 155, Amer. Soc. Microbiol., Washington, D.C. 1977

    Google Scholar 

  192. Zribi, A., Rachid, M. S. B.: Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. 66, 597 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  193. Scheibel, L. W., Adler, A.: Mol. Pharm. 22, 140 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Scheibel, L. W., Stanton, G. G.: IUPHAR 9th Internat. Congress Pharmacology Proc. 2, 385 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  195. Scheibel, L. W., Adler, A.: Mol. Pharm. 20, 218 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Albert, A., Rees, C. W., Tomlinson, A. J. H.: Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 37, 500 (1956)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Albert, A., Rubbe, S. D., Goldacre, R. J., Balfour, B. G.: ibid. 28, 69 (1947)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Goedemans, W. T., Hardman, M. R., Belfer, A. J.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 5, 63 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Yano, Y., Budinger, T. F., Ebbe, S. N., Mathis, C. A., Singh, M., Brennan, K. M., Moyer, B. R.: J. Nucl. Med. 26, 1429 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. McKillop, J. H., Wallwork, J., Reitz, B. A., Billingham, M. E., Miller, R., McDougal, I. R.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 7, 162 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Anghileri, L. J., Firusian, N., Heidbreder, M.: ibid. 2, 109 (1977)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Hodgkin, J. H.: Chem. Ind. 153 (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  203. Kaneko, M., Tsuchida, E.: Macrom. Rev. 16, 397 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Sahni, S. K., Reedijk, J.: Coord. Chem. Rev. 59, 1 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Aaseth, J., Eldjam, L., Jellum, S.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 1179 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  206. Ramirez, R. S., Andrade, J. D.: J. Macromol. Sci. Chem. A10, 309 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Dawson, M. I., Hobbs, P. D.: J. Polym. Sci. 21, 381 (l983)

    Google Scholar 

  208. Bulman, R. A., Griffin, R. J.: Health Phys. 40, 228 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Bulman, R. A., Anderson, O., Nielsen, J. B.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 58, (Suppl. 11) 1986

    Google Scholar 

  210. Hnatowich, D. J., Layne, W. W., Childs, R. L., Lanteigne, D., Davis, M. A., Griffin, T. W., Doherty, P. W.: Science 220, 613 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Chanachai, W., Shani, J., Wolf, W., Harwig, J. F., Nakamura, R. M.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 289 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Motta-Hennessy, C., Eccles, S. A., Dean, C., Coghlan, G.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 11, 240 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Hnatowich, D. J., Griffin, T. W., Koscinczyk, C., Rusckowski, M., Childs, R. L., Mattis, J. A., Slealy, D., Doherty, P. W.: J. Nucl. Med. 26, 849 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. Sundberg, M. W., Meares, C. F., Goodwin, D. A., Diamanti, C. I.: Nature (London) 250, 587 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Janok, G. Y. A., Harwig, J. F., Chanachai, W., Wolf, W.: Int. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 34, 871 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  216. Winston, A., Kirchner, D.: Macromolecules 11, 597 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Varaprasad, D. V. P. R., Rosthauser, J., Winston, A.: J. Polym. Sci. 22, 2131 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Winston, A., Varaprasad, D. V. P. R., Metterville, J. J., Rosenkrantz, H.: J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 232, 644 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. DeRiemer, L. H., Meares, C. F., Goodwin, D. A., Diamanti, C. I.: J. Med. Chem. 22, 1019 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. DeReimer, L. H., Meares, C. F., Goodwin, D. A., Diamanti, C. I.: J. Labelled Compd. Radiopharm. XVIII, 1517 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  221. Buchstaum, D. J., Hanna, D. E., Randall, B. C., Buchegger, F., Mach, J.-P.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 79 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  222. Vaughan, A. T. M., Bradwell, A. P., Dykes, P. W., Anderson, P.: Lancet i, 1492 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  223. Brady, T. J., Rosen, B. R., Gold, H. K., Khaur, B. A., Fallong, J. T., Goldman, H. R., Ter Penning, B. J., Yasuda, T., Haber, E.: Work in Progress Annual Meet. of Soc. of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, San Francisco, August 1983. Abstr. 10

    Google Scholar 

  224. Reardan, D. T., Meares, C. F., Goodwin, D. A., McTigue, M., David, G. S., Stone, M. R., Leung, J. P., Bartholomew, R. M., Frincke, J. M.: Nature (London) 316, 265 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Dubrovina, Z. U., Dol'matov, M. Yu, Malkin, P. M., Sharonov, G. E., Panteleeva, A. P.: Gig. Sanit. (Engl. Transi.) 34, 286 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  226. Bulman, R. A., Vanderborght, O., Van Puymbroeck, S.: Health Phys. 44, 428 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Bakir, F., Damlusi, S. F., Amin-Zaki, L., Murtadha, M., Khalidi, A., Al-Rauri, N. Y., Tikriti, S., Dhahir, H. I., Clarkson, T. W., Smith, J. C., Doherty, R. A.: Science 181, 230 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Durbin, P. W., Jeung, N., Jones, E. S., Weitl, F. L., Raymond, K. N.: Radiat. Res. 99, 85 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Schloss, J. V., Smith, G., Aulabaugh, A., Cleland, W. W.: Anal. Biochem. 120, 176 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Barnes, R. M.: Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 6, 93 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  231. Porath, J., Olin, B.: Biochemistry 22, 1621 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  232. Moroux, Y., Boschetti, E., Egly, J. M.: Science Tools (LKB Instr. Journ.) 32, 1 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  233. Hemmild, I., Soini, E., Lövgren, T.: Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 311, 357 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  234. Eskola, J.-V., Nevalainen, T.-J., Lövgren, T.: Clin. Chem. 29, 1777 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Bertoft, E., Eskola, J.-V., Näntö, V., Lövgren, T.: FEBS Lett. 173, 213 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Ius, A., Ferrara, L., Meroni, G., Bacigalupo, M.: Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 322, 509 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Neilands, J. B., Hider, R. C., Chimiak, A., Liu, A., Sugiura, Y., Nomoto, K.: Struct. Bonding 58, 1 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  238. Raymond, K. N., Ching, T. D. Y., Pecararo, V. L., Carrano, C. J.: in: The Biochemistry and Physiology of Iron (eds. Saltmann, P., Hegenauer, J.), p. 650. New York-Amsterdam-Oxford, Elsevier Biomedical 1981

    Google Scholar 

  239. Raymond, K. N., Pecararo, V. L., Weitl, F. L.: in: Development of Iron Chelators for Clinical Use (eds. Anderson, M., Badman, D. G.), p. 165. Amsterdam, Elsevier N. Holland 1981

    Google Scholar 

  240. Raymond, K. N., Tufano, T. P.: in: The Biological Chemistry of Iron, (eds. Dunford, H. B., Dolfin, D., Raymond, K. N., Seiker, L.), p. 85, Dordreck, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company 1982

    Google Scholar 

  241. Venuti, M. C., Rastetter, W. H., Neilands, J. B.: J. Med. Chem. 22, 123 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  242. Kontoghiorghes, G. J., Evans, R. W.: FEBS Lett. 189, 141 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  243. Kontoghiorghes, G. J.: Biochem. J. 233, 299 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  244. Brooks, H. A., Gardner, D., Poyser, J. P.: J. Antibiot. XXXVII, 1501 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  245. Pippard, M. J., Callender, S. T., Weatherall, D. J.: Clin. Sci. Mol. Med. 54, 99 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. Young, S. P., Baker, E., Huehns, E. R.: Br. J. Haematol. 41, 357 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. Green, R., Lamon, J., Curran, D.: Lancet ii, 327 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  248. Meyer-Brunot, H. G., Kerberle, H.: Am. J. Physiol. 214, 1193 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  249. Rodgers, S. J., Raymond, K. N.: J. Med. Chem. 26, 439 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  250. Grady, R. W., Peterson, C. M., Jones, R. L., Graziano, J. H., Bhargara, K. K., Berdoukas, V. A., Kokkini, G., Loukopoulos, D., Cerami, A.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 209, 342 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  251. Yunice, A. A., Perry, E. F., Perry, H. M.: Arch. Environ. Health 16, 163 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  252. Ackrill, P., Ralston, A. J., Day, J. P., Hodge, K. C.: Lancet ii, 692 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  253. Arze, R. S., Parkinson, J. S., Cartlidge, N. E. F., Britton, P., Ward, M. K.: Lancet ii, 116 (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  254. Brown, D. J., Dawborn, J. K., Ham, K. N., Xipell, J. M.: Lancet ii, 343 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  255. Day, J. P., Ackrill, P., Garstang, F. M., Hodge, K. C., O'Hara, M., Benzo, Z., Ramero-Martinez, R. A.: in: Chemical Toxicology and Clinical Chemistry of Metals (eds. Brown, S. S., Savory, J.), p. 353, London, Academic Press 1983

    Google Scholar 

  256. Premuzic, E. T., Francis, A. J., Lin, M., Schubert, J.: Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 14, 759 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  257. Rastetter, W. H., Erickson, T. J., Venuti, M. C.: J. Org. Chem. 46, 3579 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  258. Weitl, F. L., Harris, W. R., Raymond, K. N.: J. Med. Chem. 22, 1281 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  259. Ardeef, A., Sofen, S. R., Bregante, T. L., Raymond, K. N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100, 5362 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  260. Weitl, F. L., Raymond, K. N., Smith, W. L., Howard, T. R.: ibid. 100, 1170 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  261. Weitl, F. L., Raymond, K. N., Durbin, P. W.: J. Med. Chem. 24, 203 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  262. Weitl, F. L., Raymond, K. N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101, 2728 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  263. Weitl, F. L., Raymond, K. N.: J. Org. Chem. 46, 5234 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  264. O'Brien, I. G., Cox, G. B., Gibson, F.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta 237, 537 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  265. Scarrow, R. C., White, D. L., Raymond, K. N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 107, 6540 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  266. Raymond, K. N., Kappel, M. J., Pecararo, V. L., Harris, W. R., Carano, C. J., Weitl, F. L., Durbin, D. W.: in: Actinides in Perspective (ed. Edelstein, N. M.), p. 491, Oxford-New York, Pergamon Press 1982

    Google Scholar 

  267. Lloyd, R. D., Bruenger, F. W., Mays, C. W., Atherton, D. R., Jones, C. W., Taylor, G. N., Stevens, W.: Radiat. Res. 99, 106 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  268. Stradling, G. N., Stather, J. W., Gray, S. A., Moody, J. C., Ellender, M., Hodgson, A.: Human Toxicol. 5, 77 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  269. Kappel, M. J., Nitsche, H., Raymond, K. N.: Inorg. Chem. 24, 605 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  270. Kontoghiorghes, G. J.: The Design of Orally Active Iron Chelators for the Treatment of Thalassaemia. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Essex 1982

    Google Scholar 

  271. Koizumi, K., Tonami, N., Hisada, K.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 7, 229 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  272. Herscheid, J. D. M., Hoekstra, A., Vos, C. M.: ibid. 9, 508 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  273. Moerlein, S. M., Welch, M. J., Raymond, K. N., Weitl, F. L.: J. Nucl. Med. 22, 710 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  274. Moerlein, S. M., Welch, M. J., Raymond, K. N.: ibid. 23, 501 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  275. Ovchinnikov, Yu. A., Ivanov, V. T., Shkrob, A. M.: Membrane-Active Complexones, Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, Elsevier 1974

    Google Scholar 

  276. Lehn, J.-M.: Struct. Bonding 16, 1 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  277. Tso, W.-W., Fung, W. F.: Inorg. Chim. Acta 55, 129 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  278. Arktes, B., King, K., Anderson, R., Peterson, W.: Organometallics 2, 454 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  279. Pannell, K. H., La Neave, C. K., Rico, E., Arkles, B.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 21, 77 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  280. Eaborn, C. A.: Organosilicon Compounds, Chpts. 3 and 9, New York, Academic Press 1960

    Google Scholar 

  281. Müller, W. M.: in: Radiation Protection, Proc. 5th Congr. International Radiation Protection Soc., Jerusalem, March 1980, p. 1056, Oxford-New York-Toronto-Sydney-Paris-Frankfurt, Pergamon Press 1980

    Google Scholar 

  282. Delgado, R., Frausto Da Silva, J. J. R.: Talanta 29, 815 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  283. Sun, Y., Martell, A. E., Motekaitis, R. J.: Inorg. Chem. 24, 4343 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  284. Baldwin, J. E., Perlmutter, P.: Bridged, Capped and Fenced Porphyrins, in: Topics Current Chem. 121, Host Guest Complex Chemistry III (eds. Vögtle, F., Weber, E.), Berlin-Heidelberg-New York-Tokyo, Springer 1984

    Google Scholar 

  285. Kappas, A., Drummod, G. S.: Bioessays 3, 256 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  286. Vaum, R., Heindel, N. D., Burns, H. D., Enrich, J., Foster, N.: Pharmaceut. Sci. 71, 1223 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  287. Rousseau, J., Ali, H., Lamoureux, G., Lebel, E., Van Lier, J. E. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 36, 709 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  288. Walshe, J. M.: Lancet i, 643 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  289. Borthwick, T. R., Benson, G. D., Schugar, H. J.: J. Lab. Clin. Med. 95, 575 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  290. Borthwick, T. R., Benson, G. D., Schugar, H. J.: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 162, 227 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  291. Troutner, D. E., Simon, J., Ketring, A. R., Volkert, W., Holmes, R. A.: J. Nucl. Med. 21, 433 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  292. Jackels, S. C., Kroos, B. R., Hinson, W. H., Karstaedt, N., Noran, R. R.: Radiology 159, 525 (1986)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  293. Tzschach, A., Friebe, S.: Zeitschrift Chem. 19, 375 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  294. Podlahova, J., Šilha, J., Podlaha, J.: Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun. 50, 445 (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  295. Budzikiewicz, H., Ockels, W., Roemer, A., Korth, H., Pulverer, G.: in: Symposium Papers, IUPAC Int. Symp. Chem. Nat. Prod. 11th (Part 2), p. 194 (eds. Marekov, N., Ognyanov, I., Orahovats, A.), Izd BAN, Sofia 1978

    Google Scholar 

  296. Bauer, D., St. Vincent, C., Kempe, C., Dounie, A.: Lancet ii, 494 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  297. Pfau, C. J.: Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 61, 147 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  298. Campbell, M. J. M.: Coord. Chem. Rev. 15, 279 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  299. Oxford, J. S., Perrin, D. D.: J. Gen. Virol. 23, 59 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  300. Levinson, W., Rhode, W., Mikelens, P., Antony, A., Ramakuskna, T.: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 284, 525 (1977)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  301. Auld, D. S., Kawaguchi, H., Livingstone, D. M., Vallee, B. L.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 2091 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  302. Antholine, W. E., Kalyanaraman, B., Petering, D. H.: Environ. Health Perspect. 64, 19 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  303. Campbell, M. J. M., Collis, A. J., Grzeskowiak, R.: Bioinorg. Chem. 6, 305 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  304. Klayman, D. L., Scovill, J. P., Bartosevich, J. F., Bruce, J.: J. Med. Chem. 26, 35 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  305. Mohan, M., Sharma, P., Jha, N. K.: Inorg. Chim. Acta 107, 91 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  306. Arano, Y., Yokoyama, A., Magata, Y., Saji, H., Horiuchi, K., Torizuka, K.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 429 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  307. Miles, L. W. C., Owen, L. N.: J. Chem. Soc. 2934 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  308. Aposhian, H. V.: Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 23, 193 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  309. Aaseth, J.: Human Toxicol. 2, 257 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  310. Chisolm, J. J., Jr., Thomas, D. J.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 235, 665 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  311. Graziano, J. H., Sins, E. S., Lojacono, B. S., Silverberg, S. J., Turgcon, L.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 37, 431 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  312. Alcock, N. W., Lampe, P. A., Moore, P.: J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1471 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  313. Stine, E. R., Hsu, C.-A., Hoover, T. D., Aposhian, H. V., Carter, D. E.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 75, 329 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  314. Mizyukova, I. G., Petrunkin, V. E., Lysenko, N. M.: Farmakol. Toksikol. (Moscow) 34, 70 (1971); Chem. Abstr. 74, 97223a

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  315. Bulman, R. A.: Acta Pharamcol. Toxicol. 58, Suppl. 11, 553 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  316. Lin, T. H., Khentigan, A., Winchell, H. S.: J. Nucl. Med. 15, 34 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  317. Kubiatowicz, D. D., Bolles, T. F., Nora, J. C., Ithakissios, D. S.: J. Pharm. Sci. 68, 621 (1979)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  318. Yokoyama, A., Hata, N., Horiuchi, K., Masuda, H., Saji, H., Ohta, H., Yamamoto, K., Endo, K., Torizuka, K.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 12, 273 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. Tanaka, A., Machida, T., Miki, M., Shimada, T.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 8, 317 (1983)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  320. Munthe, E. (ed.): Penicillamine Research in Rheumatoid Disease: Symposium held at Spåtin, Norway: March 7–10, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  321. Jain, S., Scheurer, P. J., Samourian, S., McGee, J. O'D., Sherlock, S.: Lancet i, 831 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  322. Sunderman, F. W.: Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci. 11, 1 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  323. Shinobu, L. A., Jones, S. G., Jones, M. M.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 54, 189 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  324. Jones, M. M., Burka, L. T., Hunter, M. E., Basinger, M., Campo, G., Weaver, A. D.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 42, 775 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  325. Gale, G. R., Atkins, L. M., Walker, E. M., Jr., Smith, A. B., Jones, M. M., Hodge, R. P.: Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 43, 281 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  326. Borch, R. F.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 77, 5441 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  327. Walker, E. M., Jr., Greene, W. B., Gale, G. R., Nicholson, J. H., Vesely, J., Henniger, G. R.: in: Chemical Toxicology and Clinical Chemistry of Metals (eds. Brown, S. S., Savory, J.), p. 395-8, London, Academic Press 1983

    Google Scholar 

  328. Wysor, M. S., Zwelling, L. A., Sanders, J. E., Grenan, M. M.: Science 217, 454 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  329. Johansson, B., Stankiewicz, Z.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 34, 2989 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  330. Pojer, P. M., Baldas, J.: Int. J. Nucl. Med. Biol. 8, 112 (1981)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  331. Baldas, J., Bonnyman, J., Pojer, P. M., Williams, G. A.: Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 7, 187 (1982)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  332. de Bruine, J. F., van Royen, E. A., Vyth, A., de Jong, J. M. B. V., van der Schoot, J. B.: J. Nucl. Med. 26, 925 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  333. Jones, M. M., Harbison, R. D.: Res. Commun. Chem. Path. Pharmacol. 7, 389 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  334. Jones, M. M., Banks, A. J., Brown, C. H.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 37, 761 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Radiological Protection Board, OX11 ORQ, Chilton, Didcot, England

    R. A. Bulman

Authors
  1. R. A. Bulman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bulman, R.A. (1987). The chemistry of chelating agents in medical sciences. In: Coordination Compounds: Synthesis and Medical Application. Structure and Bonding, vol 67. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-17881-3_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-17881-3_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-17881-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47897-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation