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Rapid polymer transport in concentrated solutions

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Solar Energy-Phase Transfer Catalysis-Transport Processes

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 55))

Abstract

This article discusses the rapid transport of polymers in terms of diffusional or diffusional-related processes. In particular it reviews:

  1. 1.

    Polymer and solvent diffusion in binary systems.

  2. 2.

    Polymer transport in ternary systems including an analysis of the cross diffusion coefficients and component distribution within the systems.

  3. 3.

    Macromolecular transport in transient polymeric networks and an introduction to the observation of rapid migration in such systems.

  4. 4.

    Detailed discussion of measurement of and factors involved in rapid polymer transport in multicomponent systems.

  5. 5.

    Identification of structured flows associated with rapid polymer transport and some simple mechanistic interpretations.

  6. 6.

    Rapid polymer transport and model biological systems.

The aim of the article is to introduce new observations of diffusive-convective phenomena in polymer chemistry. The processes discussed are of significance to those interested in transport phenomena.

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Abbreviations

A:

constant

A:

surface area

An :

nth virial coefficient

At :

absorbance at 237 nm at time t

C:

concentration in mass/volume units

CA, CB :

concentration above and below the boundary, respectively

Co :

initial concentration

C*:

critical polymer concentration

(D)o :

diffusion coefficient at infinite dilution

Dcoop :

co-operative diffusion coefficient

D +i :

intradiffusion or self-diffusion coefficient

(D)v :

mutual diffusion coefficient in a volume-fixed frame of reference.

Dii, Dij :

principal and cross-diffusion coefficients, respectively

Đij :

Stefan-Maxwell diffusion coefficient

fij :

frictional coefficient per mole of i

Ji :

flux of i

(Ji)v :

flux of i in a volume-fixed reference frame

L:

concentration of rods expressed as cm polymer per cm3 solution

Lij :

phenomemological coefficients

m:

molar concentration

M:

molecular weight (number average)

\(\bar M_n\) :

number average molecular weight

\(\bar M_w\) :

weight average molecular weight

Q:

amount transported over a boundary

r:

radius of diffusing particle

R:

universal gas constant

S:

sedimentation coefficient

t:

time

T:

temperature

T:

transport coefficient

Tc :

transport coefficient obtained by diffusional analysis employing the open-ended capillary technique

v:

velocity

Vc :

critical volume

Vi :

molar volume of i

\(\bar V_i\) :

partial specific volume of i

xi :

fraction of species i

ζ:

frictional coefficient

η:

viscosity

ηrel :

relative viscosity

η0 :

solvent viscosity

μi :

chemical potential of i

ξ:

distance between successive contact points in a transient network or ‘length of blob’

Π:

osmotic pressure

ϱ:

density

PEG:

poly(ethyleneglycol)

PVA:

poly(vinyl alcohol)

PVP:

poly(vinylpyrrolidone)

dextran Tn:

dextran, \(\bar M_w \simeq 1000 \times n\)

HTO:

Tritiated water

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Department, Monash University, 3168, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

    W. D. Comper & B. N. Preston

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  1. W. D. Comper
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  2. B. N. Preston
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© 1984 Springer-Verlag

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Comper, W.D., Preston, B.N. (1984). Rapid polymer transport in concentrated solutions. In: Solar Energy-Phase Transfer Catalysis-Transport Processes. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 55. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-12592-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-12592-2_6

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-12592-1

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