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Protoplasts in genetic modifications of plants

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Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering ((ABE,volume 19))

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Abstract

Rapid advances have been made in recent years in plant protoplast technology and research applications. Isolated protoplasts have been used successfully in virology and cell genetics. Protoplast fusion is feasible and a variety of hybrid cells of different plant genera have been produced. Somatic hybridization and hybrid plant formation have been achieved. The hybrids between several plant species and genera possess diversity in chromosome number and reflect the parental species in isoenzyme patterns. Genetic complementation occurs and cytoplasmic inherited factors such as male sterility are transferred through somatic hybridization. The protoplast fusion methods are being implemented in plant breeding procedures to achieve gene transfer between plants which cannot be crossed sexually and for the purpose of achieving more effective disease resistance. Transfer of genetic information using protoplasts also has been investigated by DNA uptake, which may require a vector such as plasmids or viral DNA. Moreover, organelle and single cell uptake/fusion is being pursued with plant protoplasts. Technological and biological obstacles at present restrict the application of recombinant DNA and organelle transplant procedures in plant research and development but new and significant advances can be anticipated in the next few years.

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  1. Oluf L. Gamborg

    Present address: International Plant Research Institute, Inc., San Carlos, California

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Prairie Regional Laboratory, National Research Council, S7N OW9, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

    Oluf L. Gamborg

  2. Department of Botany, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

    Paul J. Bottino

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  1. Oluf L. Gamborg
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Gamborg, O.L., Bottino, P.J. (1981). Protoplasts in genetic modifications of plants. In: Reactors and Reactions. Advances in Biochemical Engineering, vol 19. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-10464-X_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-10464-X_20

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