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References for Chapter 7
As an historical note, it was the necessity in the light-quark model for reproducing the nucleon as a multiple of the muon mass which led to the search for a model of the muon. And the investigation of the relativistically-spinning sphere of matter was motivated by the observation that if the moment-of-inertia I of a spinning sphere is I = 1/2 MR2 rather than the classical value I = 2/5 MR2, then the gyromagnetic ratio is given correctly for an equatorial current loop. Thus it was phenomenological necessity that led to the considerations described in Chapters 6 and 7, which may account for the reason that the relativistically-spinning sphere has not previously been investigated. As the first worker in the field to investigate the light-quark model in detail, the present author was the first elementary particle physicist to be forcibly confronted with these problems.
See B. T. Feld, Models of Elementary Particles, Blaisdell, Waltham (1969), page339, Eq. (18a'). However, it should be noted that if we form the nucleon from three spinors that have equatorial charge distributions, then the proton and neutron magnetic moments are each too large by a factor of three (see Chapter 18). Since an equatorial charge distribution represents the largest possible magnetic moment, this is in principle an easy difficulty to correct. But it is desirable to base this correction on some definable aspect of the phenomenology rather than. on just an arbitrary alteration of the charge distribution; and, to date, no convincing phenomenological basis for making this correction has suggested itself.
See, for example, W. R. Smythe, Static and Dynamic Electricity, McGraw-Hill, New York (1939), page 137.
N. F. Ramsey, Experimental Nuclear Physics, edited by E. Segre, Wiley, New York (1953), Vol. I, page 365.
For example, see J. N. Bachall, N. Cabibbo, and A. Yahil, Phys. Rev. Lett. 28, 316 (1972). The current experimental status with respect to neutrino masses is summarized in a Brookhaven National Laboratory report by G. R. Kalbfleisch: BNL-20227, “The Velocity of the Neutrino”, May (1975).
M. Born, Atomic Physics, Hafner, New York (1959), page 89.
See M. Jammer, The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, New York (1966), page 243.
W. H. Louisell, R. W. Pidd, and H. R. Crane, Phys. Rev. 94, 7 (1954).
See Comment I on page 296 of B. Cagnac and J. C. Pebay-Peyroula, Modern Atomic Physics, Halsted Press, New York (1975).
See A. P. French, Principles of Modern Physics, Wiley, New York (1958), pages 175–177.
The quotation by Lord Kelvin at the beginning of Chapter 7 is taken from W. Thomson, Popular Lectures and Addresses, Macmillan, London, ed. 2 (1891), Vol. 1, page 80.
W. Pauli's quotation about the muon at the beginning of Chapter 7 is a somewhat apocryphal but popular statement that has been attributed to a number of different physicists.
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(1978). The muon: Lonely orphan or missing link. In: The Nature of the Elementary Particle. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 81. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-08857-1_9
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