Skip to main content

The inner mechanism of rare earths elucidated by photo-electron spectra

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Rare Earths

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 13))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Weeks, M. E.: Discovery of the Elements (6. Ed.). Easton: Journal of Chemical Education 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Heller, A., French, K. W., Haugsjaa, P. O.: J. Chem. Phys. 56, 2368 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Urbain, G.: Ann. Chim. Phys. (Paris) 18, 289 (1909).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jørgensen, C. K., Judd, B. R.: Mol. Phys. 8, 281 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ropp, R. C., Gritz, E. E., Haberland, P. H., Ridout, D. E. U.: Electrochem. Technology 4, 24 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Brecher, C., Samelson, H., Lempicki, A., Riley, R., Peters, T.: Phys. Rev. 155, 178 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Sovers, O. J., Yoshioka, T.: J. Chem. Phys. 51, 5330 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Jørgensen, C. K., Pappalardo, R.: Rittershaus, E.: Z. Naturforsch. 20a, 54 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Van Uitert, L. G., Lida, S.: J. Chem. Phys. 37, 986 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Blasse, G.: Philips Res. Reports 24, 131 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Haissinsky, M.: Pseudo-decouvertes dans l'histoire de la radioactivité. XIII Congrès International d'Histoire des Sciences. Moscou: Naouka 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jørgensen, C. K., Rittershaus, E.: Mat. fys. Medd. Danske Vidensk. Selskab 35, no. 15 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Rydberg, J.: Lunds Universitets Årsskrift 9, no. 18 (1913).

    Google Scholar 

  14. J. Chim. Physique 12, 585 (1914).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jørgensen, C. K.: Modern Aspects of Ligand Field Theory. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co. 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mol. Phys. 2, 96 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kauffman, G. B.: J. Chem. Educ. 46, 128 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jørgensen, C. K.: Oxidation Numbers and Oxidation States. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bohr, N.: Naturwiss. 11, 606 (1923).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Coster, D.: Naturwissenschaften 11, 567 (1923).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Jørgensen, C. K.: Chimia (Aarau) 23, 292 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Hund, F.: Linienspektren und Periodisches System der Elemente. Berlin: Springer 1927.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Jørgensen, C. K.: Mol. Phys. 7, 417 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gruen, D. M.: Progr. Inorg. Chem. 14, 119 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Moore, C. E.: Nat. Bur. Stand. Special Publ. no. 306-4. Washington D. C. (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Klinkenberg, P. F. A.: cited in Ref. 97 and 98.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Sugar, J.: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1058 (1965); 61, 727 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kaufman, V., Sugar, J.: J. Res. Natl. Bur. Std. 71A, 583 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Sugar, J., Kaufman, V.: Phys. Rev. B, inpress (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Becquerel, H.: Ann. Chim. Phys. (Paris) 30, 5 (1883); 14, 257 (1888).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Urbain, G.: Compt. Rend. 140, 1233 (1905).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Gielessen, J.: Ann. Physik 22, 537 (1935).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Ephraim, F., Mezener, M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 16, 1260 (1933).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Jørgensen, C. K.: Angew. Chem., in press.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Hofmann, K. A., Kirmreuther, H.: Z. Phys. Chem. 71, 312 (1910).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ephraim, F., Bloch, R.: Ber. Deut. Chem. Ges. 59, 2692 (1926); 61, 65 and 72 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Boulanger, F.: Ann. Chim. (Paris) 7, 732 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Jørgensen, C. K.: Mat. fys. Medd. Danske Vidensk. Selskab 30, no. 22 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Misumi, S., Kida, S., Isobe, T., Inazumi, A.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 25 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Caro, P., Derouet, J.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1972, 46.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Jørgensen, C. K.: Helv. Chim. Acta, Fasc. extraord. Alfred Werner, 131 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Condon, E. U., Shortley, G. H.: Theory of Atomic Spectra (2. Ed.). Cambridge: University Press 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Racah, G.: Phys. Rev. 76, 1352 (1949).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Wybourne, B. G.: Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths. New York: Interscience (John Wiley) 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Judd, B. R.: Operator Techniques in Atomic Spectroscopy. New York: McGraw-Hill 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Jørgensen, C. K.: Solid State Phys. 13, 375 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  47. Ellis, C. B.: Phys. Rev. 49, 875 (1936); 55, 1114 (1939).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Gobrecht, H.: Ann. Phys. 28, 673 (1937); 31, 181 and 755 (1938).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Mukherji, P. C.: Indian J. Phys. 11, 123 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Jørgensen, C. K.: Mat. fys. Medd. Danske Vidensk. Selskab 29, no. 11 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Satten, R. A.: J. Chem. Phys. 21, 637 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Bethe, H., Spedding, F. H.: Phys. Rev. 52, 454 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Jørgensen, C. K.: Acta Chem. Scand. 9, 540 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  54. Judd, B. R.: Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A 228, 120 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  55. Wybourne, B. G.: J. Chem. Phys. 32, 639 (1960); 34, 279 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Jørgensen, C. K.: Orbitals in Atoms and Molecules. London: Academic Press 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Dicke, G. H.: Spectra and Energy levels of Rare Earth Ions in Crystals. New York: Interscience 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Carnall, W. T., Fields, P. R., Rajnak, K.: J. Chem. Phys. 49, 4412, 4424, 4443, 4447 and 4450 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Trees, R. E.: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 54, 651 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Jørgensen, C. K., Pappalardo, R., Schmidtke, H. H.: J. Chem. Phys. 39, 1422 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  61. Schäffer, C. E., Jørgensen, C. K.: Mol. Phys. 9, 401 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  62. Pure Appl. Chem. 24, 361 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  63. Burns, G.: Phys. Letters 25A, 15 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  64. Huse, D., Jørgensen, C. K.: Chem. Phys. Letters 1, 314 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  65. Harnung, S. E., Schäffer, C. E.: Struct. Bonding 12, 257 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Jørgensen, C. K.: Chimia (Aarau) 25, 109 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Herzberg, G.: Electronic Spectra and Electronic Structure of Polyatomic Molecules. Princeton: Van Nostrand 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Freed, S.: Phys. Rev. 38, 2122 (1931).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Jørgensen, C. K., Brinen, J. S.: Mol. Phys. 6, 629 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  70. Geier, G., Jørgensen, C. K.: Chem. Phys. Letters 9, 263 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Lang, R. J.: Can. J. Res. 14A, 127 (1936).

    Google Scholar 

  72. Loh, E.: Phys. Rev. 147, 332 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. McClure, D. S., Kiss, Z.: J. Chem. Phys. 39, 3251 (1963).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Alig, R. C., Kiss, Z. J., Brown, J. P., McClure, D. S.: Phys. Rev. 186, 276 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Jørgensen, C. K.: Progr. Inorg. Chem. 12, 101 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  76. Ryan, J. L., Jørgensen, C. K.: J. Phys. Chem. 70, 2845 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Rabinowitch, E., Belford, R. L.: Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Uranyl Compounds. Oxford: Pergamon Press 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Robin, M. B., Day, P.: Advan. Inorg. Radiochem. 10, 248 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  79. Hofmann, K. A., Höschele, K.: Ber. Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 48, 20 (1915).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Jørgensen, C. K.: Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 1034 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  81. Freed, S., Mesirow, R. J.: J. Chem. Phys. 5, 22 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Banks, C. V., Heusinkveld, M. R., O'Laughlin, J. W.: Analyt. Chem. 33, 1235 (1961).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Jørgensen, C. K.: Mol. Phys. 5, 271 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  84. Ryan, J. L.: Inorg. Chem. 8, 2053 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Blasse, G., Bril, A.: J. Chem. Phys. 45, 3327 (1966).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Ropp, R. C.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 112, 181 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Barnes, J. C., Day, P.: J. Chem. Soc. 1964, 3886.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Pincott, H.: J. Chem. Soc. (A) 1966, 842.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Pappalardo, R., Jørgensen, C. K.: J. Chem. Phys. 46, 632 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Ryan, J. L., Jørgensen, C. K.: Mol. Phys. 7, 17 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Nugent, L. J., Baybarz, R. D., Burnett, J. L.: J. Phys. Chem. 73, 1177 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Slater, J. C.: Phys. Rev. 165, 655 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Katriel, J.: Theoret. Chim. Acta 23, 309 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Calais, J. L., Mäkilä, K., Mansikka, K., Petterson, G., Vallin, J.: Physica Scripta (Stockholm) 3, 39 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Ruedenberg, K.: Rev. Mod. Phys. 34, 326 (1962).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Johnson, D. A.: J. Chem. Soc. (A) 1969, 1525 and 1528.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Nugent, L. J., Vander Sluis, K. L.: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1112 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Brewer, L.: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1101 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1666 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Martin, W. C.: J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1682 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Briffaut, J. P.: Phys. Status Solid. 44, 769 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Orgel, L. E.: J. Chem. Phys. 23, 1819, 1824 and 1958 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Klemm, W., Bommer, H.: Z. Anorg. Chem. 231, 138 (1937).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Jayaraman, A.: Phys. Rev. 137A, 179 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  105. Hulliger, F.: Helv. Phys. Acta 41, 945 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Chatterjee, A., Singh, A. K., Jayaraman, A., Bucher, E.: Phys. Rev. Letters 27, 1571 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Gschneider, K. A.: J. Less-Common-Metals 25, 405 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  108. Jørgensen, C. K.: Chimica Teorica, VIII, Corso Estivo di Chimica Milano 1963, p. 63. Fondazione Donegani, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Struct. Bonding 1, 234 (1966); 3, 106 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  110. Ahrland, S.: Struct. Bonding 5, 118 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Connick, R. E.: J. Chem. Sec. (Suppl.) 1949, 235.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Jørgensen, C. K.: Inorganic Complexes. London: Academic Press 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Timnick, A., Glockler, G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 1347 (1948).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Varga, L. P., Asprey, L. B.: J. Chem. Phys. 49, 4674 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. —, —J. Chem. Phys. 48, 139 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Nugent, L. J., Baybarz, R. D., Burnett, J. L., Ryan, J. L.: J. Inorg. Chem. 33, 2503 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Jørgensen, C. K.: Chem. Phys. Letters 2, 549 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  118. Bjerrum, J., Jørgensen, C. K.: Rec. Trav. Chim. 75, 658 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Dunitz, J. D., Orgel, L. E.: Advan. Inorg. Radiochem. 2, 1 (1960).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. George, P., McClure, D. S.: Progr. Inorg. Chem. 1, 382 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  121. Schwarzenbach, G., Gut, R.: Helv. Chim. Acta 39, 1589 (1956).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Fidelis, I., Siekierski, S.: J. Chromatog. 17, 542 (1965).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. —, —J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 28, 185 (1966); 29, 2629 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Peppard, D. F., Lewey, S., Bloomquist, C. A. A., Horwitz, E. P., Mason, G. W.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 32, 339 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Nugent, L. J.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 32, 4385 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  126. Jørgensen, C. K.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 32, 3127 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  127. Salzmann, J. J., Jørgensen, C. K.: Helv. Chim. Acta 51, 1276 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Jørgensen, C. K.: Rev. Chim. Minerale (Paris) 6, 183 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  129. Turner, D. W., Baker, C., Baker, A. D., Brundle, C. R.: Molecular Photoelectron Spectroscopy. London: Interscience (John Wiley) 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  130. Siegbahn, K., Nordling, C., Fahlman, A., Nordberg, R., Hamrin, K., Hedman, J., Johannsson, G., Bergmark, T., Karlsson, S. E., Lindgren, I., Lindgren, B.: ESCA-Atomic, Molecular and Solid-State Structures Studied by Means of Electron Spectroscopy. Uppsala: Almqvist and Wiksell 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Siegbahn, K., Nordling, C., Johansson, G., Hedman, J., Hedén, P. F., Hamrin, K., Gelius, U., Bergmark, T., Werme, L. O., Manne, R., Baer, Y.: ESCA Applied to Free Molecules. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co. 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Hollander, J. M., Jolly, W. L.: Accounts Chem. Res. 3, 193 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Watson, R. E., Hudis, J., Perlman, M. L.: Phys. Rev. B 4, 4139 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  134. Hnatowich, D. J., Hudis, J., Perlman, M. L., Ragaini, R. C.: J. Appl. Phys. 42, 4883 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Bremser, W., Linnemann, F.: Chemiker-Ztg. 95, 1011 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Jørgensen, C. K.: Chimia (Aarau) 25, 213 (1971); 26, 252 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  137. Berthou, H.: Mat. fys. Medd. Danske Vidensk. Selskab, 38, no. 15 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  138. Fadley, C. S., Hagström, S. B. M., Hollander, J. M., Klein, M. P., Shirley, D. A.: Science 157, 1571 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. —, —Klein, M. P., Shirley, D. A.: J. Chem. Phys. 48, 3779 (1968).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Kramer, L. N., Klein, M. P.: J. Chem. Phys. 51, 3618 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Jørgensen, C. K., Berthou, H., Balsenc, L.: J. Fluorine Chem. 1, 327 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  142. Bearden, J. A., Burr, A. F.: Rev. Mod. Phys. 39, 125 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Fadley, C. S., Shirley, D. A., Freeman, A. J., Bagus, P. S., Mallow, J. V.: Phys. Rev. Letters 23, 1397 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Cohen, R. L., Wertheim, G. K., Rosencwaig, A., Guggenheim, H. J.: Phys. Rev. B5, 1037 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  145. Bonnelle, C., Kartanak, R. C., Jørgensen, C. K.: Chem. Phys. Letters 14, 145 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Jørgensen, C. K.: J. Chim. Physique 61, 826 (1964).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Rosencwaig, A., Wertheim, G. K., Guggenheim, H. J.: Phys. Rev. Letters 27, 479 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Jørgensen, C. K.: Theoret. Chim. Acta 24, 241 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  149. Novakov, T.: Phys. Rev. B3, 2693 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  150. Jørgensen, C. K., Berthou, H.: J. Electron Spectr., under preparation.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Wertheim, G. K., Rosencwaig, A.: Phys. Rev. Letters 26, 1179 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Jørgensen, C. K., Berthou, H.: Chem. Phys. Letters, 13, 186 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  153. Sakellaridis, P.: Compt. Rend. 236, 1014, 1244, 1457 and 1767 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. J. Phys. Radium 16, 271 and 422 (1955).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Fischer, D. W., Baun, W. L.: J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4830 (1967).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Dehner, J. L., Starace, A. F., Fano, U., Sugar, J., Cooper, J. W.: Phys. Rev. Letters, 26, 1521 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  157. Sugar, J.: Phys. Rev. B5, 1785 (1972).

    Google Scholar 

  158. Fadley, C. S., Shirley, D. A.: Phys. Rev. A2, 1109 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  159. Jørgensen, C. K., Berthou, H.: Discussions Faraday Soc., 54, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  160. Wertheim, G. K., Rosencwaig, A., Cohen, R. L., Guggenheim, H. J.: Phys. Rev. Letters 27, 505 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Hedén, P. O., Löfgren, H., Hagström, S. B. M.: Phys. Rev. Letters 26, 432 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  162. Hagström, S. B. M., Brodén, G., Héden, P. O., Löfgren, H.: J. Physique (Colloque CNRS no. 196) C 4-269 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  163. Eckstein, W., Georg, K. F., Heiland, W., Kirschner, J., Midler, N.: Z. Naturforsch. 25a, 1981 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  164. Cox, P. A., Evans, S., Hamneet, A., Orchard, A. F.: Chem. Phys. Letters, 7, 414 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Orchard, A. F.: private communication.

    Google Scholar 

  166. Jørgensen, C. K.: Acta Chem. Scand. 16, 2406 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  167. Horner, S. M., Hatfield, W. E., Tyree, S. Y.: Intern. J. Quantum Chem. 1, 191 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  168. Prins, R., Novakov, T.: Chem. Phys. Letters 9, 593 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Brauer, G., Pfeiffer, B.: J. Prakt. Chem. 34, 32 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  170. Manne, R., Åberg, T.: Chem. Phys. Letters 7, 282 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Verhaegen, G., Berger, J. J., Desclaux, J. P., Moser, C. M.: Chem. Phys. Letters 9, 479 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Baer, Y., Hedén, P. F., Hedman, J., Klasson, M., Nordling, C., Siegbahn, K.: Physica Scripta (Stockholm) 1, 55 (1970).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Goeppert-Mayer, M.: Phys. Rev. 60, 184 (1941).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Penneman, R. A., Mann, J. B., Jørgensen, C. K.: Chem. Phys. Letters 8, 321 (1971).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Sinha, S. P.: Complexes of the Rare Earths. Oxford: Pergamon Press 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  176. Europium. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1967.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1973 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Jørgensen, C.B. (1973). The inner mechanism of rare earths elucidated by photo-electron spectra. In: Rare Earths. Structure and Bonding, vol 13. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-06125-8_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-06125-8_4

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-06125-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-38289-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics