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Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine pp 347–358Cite as

Radioiodine Therapy of Hyperthyroidism in Graves’ Disease

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Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Radiat Oncol))

Abstract

Iodine-131 (131I) has been used to treat Graves’ disease (GD) since the 1940s. Over the years, we have witnessed a paradigm shift in the goal of radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, from aiming for sustained euthyroidism to an ablative approach resulting in early hypothyroidism. With the emergence of data in support of its safety profile, RAI is no longer withheld from women of child-bearing age, and there is increasing adoption of this modality as the first-line treatment of choice for GD. For the management of pediatric GD, however, many physicians continue to refrain from using RAI. There is no standard approach to 131I therapy planning. Differences in opinion among physicians regarding issues, such as patient selection (in particular those with ophthalmopathy), prescription algorithms, and the need for adjuvant thyrostatic medication account for the lack of standardized protocols. Today, 131I is widely available, easily administered and is a cost-effective treatment option for GD. The challenge remains for nuclear medicine physicians to refine our treatment protocols so that patients are cured in as short a time as possible while ensuring that the treatment is optimized with respect to radiation safety; that is, observing the “as low as reasonably achievable” principle.

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  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore

    Wai Yin Wong & Anthony Goh

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  1. Wai Yin Wong
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  1. THERANOSTICS Center for Molecular, Radiotherapy and Molecular Imaging, ENETS Center of Excellence, Bad Berka, Germany

    Richard P. Baum

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Wong, W.Y., Goh, A. (2012). Radioiodine Therapy of Hyperthyroidism in Graves’ Disease. In: Baum, R. (eds) Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2012_674

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