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Evolution of UCP1

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Book cover Brown Adipose Tissue

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 251))

Abstract

Brown adipose tissue (BAT), the specialized heat-producing organ found in many placental mammals including humans, may be accessible for clinical drug intervention to help combat metabolic diseases. Understanding the biology of BAT and its thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) will benefit from an assessment of its evolution, answering where UCP1 originated and how it has been modified and integrated into cellular energy metabolism. Here, we review topical insights regarding the molecular evolution of UCP1—also reconstructing the proximate and ultimate factors selecting for brown fat thermogenesis in placental mammals. This new thinking on “old” events will assist our understanding of how thermogenic mitochondrial uncoupling was integrated into the physiology of the brown adipocyte. Recent comparative studies examining the occurrence of UCP1 in vertebrates not only identified the ancient (pre-mammal) rise of UCP1 but also its repeated downfall during mammalian evolution as evidenced by multiple independent gene loss and/or inactivation events. Together with the comparative physiology of various species, we may be able to find conditions that favor UCP1 thermogenesis and, learning from these insights, identify molecular networks that will be useful to pharmacologically stimulate the tissue.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Michael J. Gaudry & Kevin L. Campbell

  2. Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

    Martin Jastroch

  3. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

    Martin Jastroch

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  1. Michael J. Gaudry
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  2. Kevin L. Campbell
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  3. Martin Jastroch
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Correspondence to Martin Jastroch .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Alexander Pfeifer

  2. Institute of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TU München, Freising, Bayern, Germany

    Martin Klingenspor

  3. Institute for Diabetes and Cancer IDC, Helmholtz Center München, Neuherberg, Germany

    Stephan Herzig

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Gaudry, M.J., Campbell, K.L., Jastroch, M. (2018). Evolution of UCP1. In: Pfeifer, A., Klingenspor, M., Herzig, S. (eds) Brown Adipose Tissue. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 251. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_116

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