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The Actin Cytoskeleton pp 39–75Cite as

Assembly and Maintenance of Myofibrils in Striated Muscle

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 235))

Abstract

In this chapter, we present the current knowledge on de novo assembly, growth, and dynamics of striated myofibrils, the functional architectural elements developed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. The data were obtained in studies of myofibrils formed in cultures of mouse skeletal and quail myotubes, in the somites of living zebrafish embryos, and in mouse neonatal and quail embryonic cardiac cells. The comparative view obtained revealed that the assembly of striated myofibrils is a three-step process progressing from premyofibrils to nascent myofibrils to mature myofibrils. This process is specified by the addition of new structural proteins, the arrangement of myofibrillar components like actin and myosin filaments with their companions into so-called sarcomeres, and in their precise alignment. Accompanying the formation of mature myofibrils is a decrease in the dynamic behavior of the assembling proteins. Proteins are most dynamic in the premyofibrils during the early phase and least dynamic in mature myofibrils in the final stage of myofibrillogenesis. This is probably due to increased interactions between proteins during the maturation process. The dynamic properties of myofibrillar proteins provide a mechanism for the exchange of older proteins or a change in isoforms to take place without disassembling the structural integrity needed for myofibril function. An important aspect of myofibril assembly is the role of actin-nucleating proteins in the formation, maintenance, and sarcomeric arrangement of the myofibrillar actin filaments. This is a very active field of research. We also report on several actin mutations that result in human muscle diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 766 Irving Avenue, Syracuse, NY, 13224, USA

    Joseph W. Sanger, Jushuo Wang, Yingli Fan, Jennifer White, Lei Mi-Mi, Dipak K. Dube, Jean M. Sanger & David Pruyne

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  1. Joseph W. Sanger
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  2. Jushuo Wang
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  3. Yingli Fan
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  4. Jennifer White
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  5. Lei Mi-Mi
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  6. Dipak K. Dube
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  7. Jean M. Sanger
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Correspondence to Joseph W. Sanger or David Pruyne .

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  1. Cell Biology, Life Sciences, BRICS, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

    Brigitte M. Jockusch

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Sanger, J.W. et al. (2016). Assembly and Maintenance of Myofibrils in Striated Muscle. In: Jockusch, B. (eds) The Actin Cytoskeleton. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 235. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2016_53

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