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Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives

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Mass Spectrometry of Polymers – New Techniques

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 248))

Abstract

The field of mass spectrometry has experienced enormous developments in the last few years. New interesting mass spectrometric techniques have arrived and there have been further developments in the existing methods that have opened up new possibilities for the analysis of increasingly complex polymer structures and compositions. Some of the most interesting emerging techniques for polymer analysis are briefly reviewed in this paper. These include new developments in laser desorption ionization techniques, like solvent-free matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (solvent-free MALDI) and surface-assisted laser desorption ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry, and the developments in secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), such as gentle-SIMS and cluster SIMS. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry and direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry offer great possibilities for analysis of solid samples in their native form, while mobility separation prior to mass spectrometric analysis in ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) mass spectrometry further facilitates the analysis of complex polymer structures. The potential of these new developments is still largely unexplored, but they will surely further strengthen the position of mass spectrometry as an irreplaceable tool for polymer characterization.

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Abbreviations

APCI:

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

APPI:

Atmospheric pressure photoionization

BFRs:

Brominated flame retardants

CHCA:

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

CID:

Collision-induced dissociation

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

DART:

Direct analysis in real time

DBP:

Dibutyl phthalate

DEHP:

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate

DESI:

Desorption electrospray ionization

DHB:

2,5-Dihydroxybenzonic acid

DIDP:

Diisodecyl phthalate

DINP:

Diisononyl phthalate

DIOS:

Desorption ionization on porous silicon

DNOP:

Di-n-octyl phthalate

ECD:

Electron-capture dissociation

ERM:

European Reference Material

ESI-MS:

Electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry

FTICR-MS:

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance- mass spectrometry

FTMS:

Fourier transform mass spectrometry

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

HDPE:

High density polyethylene

HPLC-UV:

High performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet

ICP-MS:

Inductive coupled plasma–mass spectrometry

IMS-MS:

Ion mobility spectrometry–mass spectrometry

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LDI-MS:

Laser desorption ionization–mass spectrometry

LOD:

Limits of detection

m/z :

Mass-to-charge ratio

MALDI-MS:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–mass spectrometry

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

NaI:

Sodium iodide

PAE:

Phthalic acid esters

PALDI-MS:

Polymer-assisted laser desorption ionization–mass spectrometry

PAM:

Polyacrylamide

PBBs:

Polybrominated biphenyls

PBDEs:

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers

PDMS:

Poly(dimethyl siloxane)

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PET:

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

PGS:

Pyrolytic highly oriented graphite polymer film

PLA:

Polylactide

PMMA:

Polymethylmethacrylate

PMS:

Poly(α-methyl styrene)

PP:

Polypropylene

ppb:

Parts per billion

PPEs:

Polyphosphoesters

PPG:

Poly(propylene glycol)

PS:

Polystyrene

PTMG:

Poly(tetramethylene glycol)

PVC:

Polyvinyl chloride

S/N:

Signal-to-noise ratio

SALDI-MS:

Surface-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry

SIMS:

Secondary ion mass spectrometry

TFA:

Trifluoroacetic acid

TOF:

Time-of-flight

VOCs:

Volatile organic compounds

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  1. Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden

    Nina Aminlashgari & Minna Hakkarainen

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    Minna Hakkarainen

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Aminlashgari, N., Hakkarainen, M. (2011). Emerging Mass Spectrometric Tools for Analysis of Polymers and Polymer Additives. In: Hakkarainen, M. (eds) Mass Spectrometry of Polymers – New Techniques. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 248. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2011_152

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