Skip to main content

Smart Polymer Surfaces: Concepts and Applications in Biosciences

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 240))

Abstract

Stimuli-responsive macromolecules (i.e., pH-, thermo-, photo-, chemo-, and bioresponsive polymers) have gained exponential importance in materials science, nanotechnology, and biotechnology during the last two decades. This chapter describes the usefulness of this class of polymer for preparing smart surfaces (e.g., modified planar surfaces, particles surfaces, and surfaces of three-dimensional scaffolds). Some efficient pathways for connecting these macromolecules to inorganic, polymer, or biological substrates are described. In addition, some emerging bioapplications of smart polymer surfaces (e.g., antifouling surfaces, cell engineering, protein chromatography, tissue engineering, biochips, and bioassays) are critically discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Gil ES, Hudson SM (2004) Prog Polym Sci 29:1173–1222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Cohen Stuart MA et al. (2010) Nat Mater 9:101–113

    Google Scholar 

  3. de las Heras Alarcón C, Pennadam S, Alexander C (2005) Chem Soc Rev:276–285

    Google Scholar 

  4. Wischerhoff E et al (2009) Soft Matter 6:705–713

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mendes PM (2008) Chem Soc Rev 37:2512–2529

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Sun A, Lahann J (2009) Soft Matter 5:1555–1561

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Motornov M et al (2010) Prog Polym Sci 35:174–211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Shanmuganathan K et al (2010) Prog Polym Sci 35:212–222

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Roy D, Cambre JN, Sumerlin BS (2010) Prog Polym Sci 35:278–301

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lutz J-F (2006) Polym Int 55:979–993

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Martin GR, Jain RK (1994) Cancer Res 54:5670–5674

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Willerson JT, Ridker PM (2004) Circulation 109:II-2–II-10

    Google Scholar 

  13. Berndt E, Ulbricht M (2009) Polymer 50:5181–5191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. de las Heras Alarcón C et al (2005) J Mater Chem 15:2089–2094

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kaholek M et al (2004) Nano Lett 4:373–376

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Matsuda N et al (2007) Adv Mater 19:3089–3099

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Mizutani A et al (2008) Biomaterials 29:2073–2081

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ernst O et al (2008) Langmuir 24:10259–10264

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhou F, Huck WTS (2006) Phys Chem Chem Phys 8:3815–3823

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Kanazawa H et al (2008) J Chromatogr A 1191:157–161

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Nagase K et al (2007) Langmuir 23:9409–9415

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Sun T et al (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:357–360

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Okano T et al (1993) J Biomed Mater Res 27:1243–1251

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Wei Q, Ji J, Shen J (2008) Macromol Rapid Commun 29:645–650

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Wischerhoff E et al (2000) Angew Chem Int Ed 39:4602–4604

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Heinz BS et al (2001) Grafting of functionalized water soluble polymers on gold surfaces. In: McCormick CL (ed) Stimuli-responsive water soluble and amphiphilic polymers. ACS symposium series, vol 780. ACS, Washington DC, p 162

    Google Scholar 

  27. Jeong B, Kim SW, Bae YH (2002) Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54:37–51

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Xu C et al (2006) Nano Lett 6:282–287

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Lequieu W, Shtanko NI, Du Prez FE (2005) J Membr Sci 256:64–71

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Meyer DE, Chilkoti A (2004) Biomacromolecules 5:846–851

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Fernández-Trillo F et al (2009) Adv Mater 21:55–59

    Google Scholar 

  32. Hyun J et al (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:7330–7335

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Han S, Hagiwara M, Ishizone T (2003) Macromolecules 26:8312–8319

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ali MM, Stöver HDH (2004) Macromolecules 37:5219–5227

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Yamamoto S-I, Pietrasik J, Matyjaszewski K (2007) Macromolecules 40:9348–9353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Lutz J-F, Akdemir Ö, Hoth A (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:13046–13047

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Lutz J-F, Hoth A (2006) Macromolecules 39:893–896

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Lutz J-F et al (2007) Macromolecules 40:8540–8543

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Lutz J-F et al (2007) Macromolecules 40:2503–2508

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Lutz J-F (2008) J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 46:3459–3470

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Lutz J-F, Hoth A, Schade K (2009) Des Monomers Polym 12:343–353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Becer CR et al (2008) J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 46:7138–7147

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Holder SJ et al (2008) J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 46:7739–7756

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Wischerhoff E et al (2009) Langmuir 25:5949–5956

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Wischerhoff E et al (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:5666–5668

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Fechler N et al (2009) Macromolecules 42:33–36

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Badi N, Lutz J-F (2009) J Control Release 140:224–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Kessel S et al (2010) Langmuir 26:3462–3467

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Dai S, Ravi P, Tam KC (2008) Soft Matter 4:435–449

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Argentiere S et al (2009) Soft Matter 5:4101–4103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Ayres N, Boyes SG, Brittain WJ (2007) Langmuir 23:182–189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Yamamoto S-I, Pietrasik J, Matyjaszewski K (2008) Macromolecules 41:7013–7020

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Van Camp W et al (2010) Eur Polym J 46:195–201

    Google Scholar 

  54. Barroso T et al (2009) J Supercrit Fluids 51:57–66

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Wei X et al (2009) Talanta 79:739–745

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Devalapally H et al (2007) Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 59:477–484

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Gillies ER, Fréchet JMJ (2005) Bioconjug Chem 16:361–368

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Angelos S et al (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:12912–12914

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Angelos S et al (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:2222–2226

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Dong L et al (2006) Nature 442:551–554

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Reinicke S et al (2009) Soft Matter 5:2648–2657

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Zhang K, Wu XY (2004) Biomaterials 25:5281–5291

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Ishihara K, Negishi N, Shinohara I (1982) J Appl Polym Sci 27:1897–1902

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Ishihara K et al (1983) J Appl Polym Sci 28:1321–1329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Saremi F, Tieke B (1998) Adv Mater 10:388–391

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Seki T, Kojima J-Y, Ichimura K (1999) J Phys Chem B 103:10338–10340

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Kumar SK, Hong J-D (2008) Langmuir 24:4190–4193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Wan P et al (2009) Adv Mater 21:4362–4365

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Gomy C, Schmitzer AR (2007) Org Lett 9:3865–3868

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Wu T et al (2009) Chem Mater 21:3788–3798

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Saaem I, Tian J (2007) Adv Mater 19:4268–4271

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Kang Y et al (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:7538–7539

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Hu Z et al (2008) Macromolecules 41:9508–9512

    Google Scholar 

  74. Alexeev VL et al (2003) Anal Chem 75:2316–2323

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Alexeev VL et al (2004) Clin Chem 50:2353–2360

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Lee Y-J, Pruzinsky SA, Braun PV (2004) Langmuir 20:3096–3106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Xu X, Goponenko AV, Asher SA (2008) J Am Chem Soc 130:3113–3119

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Bang JH et al (2008) Langmuir 24:13168–13172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Kokufata E, Zhang Y-Q, Tanaka T (1991) Nature 351:302–304

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Miyata T, Asami N, Uragami T (1999) Nature 399:766–769

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Kim J, Nayak S, Lyon LA (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:9588–9592

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Chen Z et al (2008) J Mol Recognit 21:71–77

    Google Scholar 

  83. Qing G et al (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:8370–8371

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Tokarev I et al (2009) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 1:532–536

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Stouffer JM, McCarthy TJ (1988) Macromolecules 21:1204–1208

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Erdelen C et al (1994) Langmuir 10:1246–1250

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Serizawa T et al (2002) Macromolecules 35:2184–2189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Elam JH, Nygren H, Stenberg M (1984) J Biomed Mater Res 18:953–959

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Huang H, Fulchiero EC, Penn LS (2005) Macromolecules 38:1028–1030

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Beyer D et al (1998) Langmuir 14:3030–3035

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Wang J et al (2003) J Biochem Biophys Methods 55:215–232

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Gombotz WR et al (1991) J Biomed Mater Res 25:1547–1562

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Ostaci R-V et al (2008) Langmuir 24:2732–2739

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Kim J, Wacker BK, Elbert DL (2007) Biomacromolecules 8:3682–3686

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Barner-Kowollik C et al (2008) Macromol Rapid Commun 29:1431–1437

    Google Scholar 

  96. Rühe J et al (2008) Macromolecules 41:873–878

    Google Scholar 

  97. Bouloussa O, Rondelez F, Semetey V (2008) Chem Commun 951–953

    Google Scholar 

  98. Maas JH et al (2003) Thin Solid Films 426:135–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Barnes TJ et al (2008) Langmuir 24:7625–7627

    Google Scholar 

  100. Lutz J-F (2007) Angew Chem Int Ed 46:1018–1025

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Bertrand P et al (2000) Macromol Rapid Commun 21:319–348

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Menzel H, Griep-Raming N, Karger M (2004) Langmuir 20:11811–11814

    Google Scholar 

  103. Yang W, Bai H, Huang Z (2009) J Polym Sci Polym Chem 47:6852–6862

    Google Scholar 

  104. Lavanant L et al (2010) Macromol Biosci 10:101–108

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Edmondson S, Armes SP (2009) Polym Int 58:307–316

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Zhao B, Brittain WJ (2000) Macromolecules 33:342–348

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Binder WH et al (2009) Macromolecules 42:7379–7387

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Prucker O, Rühe J (1998) Langmuir 14:6893–6898

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Matyjaszewski K et al (1999) Macromolecules 32:8716–8724

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Pyun J, Kowalewski T, Matyjaszewski K (2003) Macromol Rapid Commun 24:1043–1059

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Baum M, Brittain WJ (2002) Macromolecules 35:610–615

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Husseman M et al (1999) Macromolecules 32:1424–1431

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Brinks MK, Studer A (2009) Macromol Rapid Commun 30:1043–1057

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. de Boer B et al (2000) Macromolecules 33:349–356

    Google Scholar 

  115. Marques C, Joanny JF, Leibler L (1988) Macromolecules 21:1051–1059

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Witmore MD, Noelandi J (1990) Macromolecules 23:3321–3339

    Google Scholar 

  117. Johner A, Joanny JF, Marques C (1991) Physica A 172:285–289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Tirrell M et al (1991) Polym J 23:641–649

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Rubner MF (2003) pH-controlled fabrication of polyelectrolyte-multilayers: assembly and applications. In: Decher G, Schlenoff JB (eds) Multilayer thin-films. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, p 133–154

    Google Scholar 

  120. Amiel C et al (1995) Macromolecules 28:3125–3134

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Choi J, Rubner MF (2001) J Macromol Sci A 38:1191–1206

    Google Scholar 

  122. Chandekar A et al (2006) Langmuir 22:8071–8077

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Murphy KA, Eisenhauer JM, Savin DA (2007) J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 46:244–252

    Google Scholar 

  124. Costa AC et al (2005) Eur Phys J E 18:159–166

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Kiss É et al (2004) J Adhes 80:815–829

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Hershkovits E, Tannenbaum A, Tannenbaum R (2008) Macromolecules 41:3190–3198

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Yokoyama H et al (2005) Macromolecules 38:5180–5189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Oyane A et al (2005) Adv Mater 17:2329–2332

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Andelman D, Joanny JF (2000) C R Acad Sci IV Phys:1153–1162

    Google Scholar 

  130. Balastre M et al (2002) Macromolecules 35:9480–9486

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Styrkas DA et al (2000) Langmuir 16:5980–5986

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Zhao X et al (2005) Langmuir 21:9597–9603

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Laschewsky A et al (2001) Macromol Symp 164:323–340

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Beebe DJ et al (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:13488–13493

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Zhao B, Moore JS (2001) Langmuir 17:4758–4763

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Edahiro J-I et al (2005) Biomacromolecules 6:970–974

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Saunders BR, Liu R, Fraylich M (2009) Colloid Polym Sci 287:627–643

    Google Scholar 

  138. Serpe MJ et al (2005) Biomacromolecules 6:408–413

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Li J et al (2007) Adv Funct Mater 17:3377–3382

    Google Scholar 

  140. Laschewsky A, Rekaï ED, Wischerhoff E (2001) Macromol Chem Phys 202:276–286

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Mangeney C et al (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:5811–5821

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Jonas AM et al (2007) Macromolecules 40:4403–4405

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Epstein N (1981) Fouling: technical aspects and fouling in heat exchangers. In: Somerscales E, Knudsen J (eds) Fouling of heat transfer equipment. Hemisphere, Washington, DC pp 31–53

    Google Scholar 

  144. Bryers JD (1994) Colloids Surf B 2:9–23

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Schultz CL, Kunert KS, White R (2000) J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 24:113–115

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Wisniewski N, Richert M (2000) Colloids Surf B 18:197–219

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Xu FJ, Neoh KG, Kang ET (2009) Prog Polym Sci 34:719–761

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Ma H et al (2006) Adv Funct Mater 16:640–648

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Tugulu S, Klok HA (2008) Biomacromolecules 9:906–912

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Bozukova D et al (2008) Langmuir 24:6649–6658

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Fukuda T et al (2007) J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 45:4795–4803

    Google Scholar 

  152. Nie F-Q et al (2004) Polymer 45:399–407

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Cringus-Fundeanu I et al (2007) Langmuir 23:5120–5126

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Petersen P et al (2009) Phys Status Solidi A 206:468–473

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Bearinger JP et al (2003) Nat Mater 2:259–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Patrucco E et al (2009) Biomacromolecules 10:3130–3140

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Snellings GMBF et al (2000) Adv Mater 12:1959–1962

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Gregorius K, Mouritsen S, Elsner HI (1995) J Immunol Methods 181:65–73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Chapman RG et al (2000) J Am Chem Soc 122:8303–8304

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Lee Y-S et al (2003) Biosens Bioelectron 19:485–494

    Google Scholar 

  161. De Sousa Delgado A, Léonard M, Dellacherie E (2001) Langmuir 17:4386–4391

    Google Scholar 

  162. Martwiset S, Koh AE, Chen W (2006) Langmuir 22:8192–8196

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Monchaux E, Vermette P (2007) Biomacromolecules 8:3668–3673

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Perrino C et al (2008) Langmuir 24:8850–8856

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Ekblad T et al (2008) Biomacromolecules 9:2775–2783

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Kizhakkedathu JN et al (2009) Langmuir 25:3794–3801

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Hucknall A, Rangarajan S, Chilkoti A (2009) Adv Mater 21:2441–2446

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Trmcic-Cvitas J et al (2009) Biomacromolecules 10:2885–2894

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Holmlin RE et al (2001) Langmuir 17:2841–2850

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Ostuni E et al (2001) Langmuir 17:6336–6343

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Kitano H et al (2010) Langmuir 26:6767–6774

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Jiang S, Chen S (2008) Adv Mater 20:335–338

    Google Scholar 

  173. Chang Y et al (2008) Langmuir 24:5453–5458

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Liu P-S et al (2009) Biomacromolecules 10:2809–2816

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Reisch A et al (2008) J Mater Chem 18:4242–4245

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Statz AR et al (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:7972–7973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Ostuni E et al (2001) Langmuir 17:5605–5620

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Unsworth LD, Sheardown H, Brash JL (2008) Langmuir 24:1924–1929

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Klok H-A, Tugulu S (2008) Biomacromolecules 9:906–912

    Google Scholar 

  180. Yoshikawa C et al (2006) Macromolecules 39:2284–2290

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Cunliffe D et al (2003) Langmuir 19:2888–2899

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Kharlampieva E, Erel-Unal I, Sukhishvili S (2007) Langmuir 23:175–181

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Burkert S et al (2010) Langmuir 26:1786–1795

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Qin L et al (2009) Anal Chem 81:7206–7216

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Zareie HM et al (2008) ACS Nano 2:757–765

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Chan EWL, Park S, Yousaf MN (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed 47:6267–6271

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Auernheimer J et al (2005) J Am Chem Soc 127:16107–16110

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Liu D et al (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48: 4406–4408

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Ernst O et al (2007) Lab Chip 7:1322–1329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Hentschel J et al (2008) Macromolecules 41:1073–1075

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Zhu S et al (2009) Langmuir 25:10271–10278

    Google Scholar 

  192. Galaev IY et al (2006) Langmuir 23:35–40

    Google Scholar 

  193. Tan I et al (2009) ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 1:1869–1872

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Yamanaka H et al (2003) Anal Chem 75:1658–1663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Ekins R, Chu F (1992) Ann Biol Clin 50:337–353

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Zacher T, Wischerhoff E (2002) Langmuir 18:1748–1759

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Löfås S, Johnsson B (1990) J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1526–1528

    Google Scholar 

  198. Piehler J et al (1996) Biosens Bioelectron 11:579–590

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Arenkov P et al (2000) Anal Biochem 278:123–131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Huang N-P et al (2002) Langmuir 18:220–230

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Klok H-A et al (2005) Biomacromolecules 6:1602–1607

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean-François Lutz .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wischerhoff, E., Badi, N., Laschewsky, A., Lutz, JF. (2010). Smart Polymer Surfaces: Concepts and Applications in Biosciences. In: Börner, H., Lutz, JF. (eds) Bioactive Surfaces. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 240. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/12_2010_88

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics