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Nanoscale Effects in Water Splitting Photocatalysis

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Solar Energy for Fuels

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 371))

Abstract

From a conceptual standpoint, the water photoelectrolysis reaction is the simplest way to convert solar energy into fuel. It is widely believed that nanostructured photocatalysts can improve the efficiency of the process and lower the costs. Indeed, nanostructured light absorbers have several advantages over traditional materials. This includes shorter charge transport pathways and larger redox active surface areas. It is also possible to adjust the energetics of small particles via the quantum size effect or with adsorbed ions. At the same time, nanostructured absorbers have significant disadvantages over conventional ones. The larger surface area promotes defect recombination and reduces the photovoltage that can be drawn from the absorber. The smaller size of the particles also makes electron–hole separation more difficult to achieve. This chapter discusses these issues using selected examples from the literature and from the laboratory of the author.

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Acknowledgement

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under CHE – 1152250 and CBET − 1133099. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The author thanks the Research Corporation for Science Advancement for a Scialog award, and Kathryn A. Newton for help with proofreading the manuscript and with obtaining copyrights.

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    Frank E. Osterloh

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    Harun Tüysüz

  2. Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

    Candace K. Chan

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Osterloh, F.E. (2015). Nanoscale Effects in Water Splitting Photocatalysis. In: Tüysüz, H., Chan, C. (eds) Solar Energy for Fuels. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 371. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2015_633

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