Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a broadly used analytical method with major applications in chemistry, biochemistry and medicine. Key applications include structural analysis of small molecules, metabolites, larger biomolecules such as proteins, RNA and DNA, and applications in material science. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is based on the same physical principles, is extensively used in medical diagnostics and represents the most widespread application of NMR. However, NMR is fundamentally limited in sensitivity and this has always restricted its applicability. Hyperpolarization techniques such as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) have become a major field of research and development because they hold the promise of increasing the sensitivity of NMR by several orders of magnitude. Such sensitivity enhancements could significantly broaden NMR applications, combining its unique structural information with much higher sensitivity. Unfortunately, there is no single implementation of DNP that would be suitable for a broader range of typical NMR applications. Experimental conditions often circumscribe areas of possible applications. Nevertheless, recent developments point towards experimental protocols providing solutions for specific applications of NMR. This review summarizes the concepts behind DNP in the light of recent developments and potential applications.
Dedicated to Heinz Rüterjans on the occasion of his 75th birthday.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CE:
-
Cross effect
- CIDNP:
-
Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization
- D-DNP:
-
Dissolution DNP
- DNP:
-
Dynamic nuclear polarization
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- NMR:
-
Nuclear magnetic resonance
- O-DNP:
-
Overhauser-DNP
- OE:
-
Overhauser effect
- PHIP:
-
Parahydrogen-induced polarization
- QRP:
-
Quantum rotor polarization
- SE:
-
Solid effect
- SS-DNP:
-
Solid-state DNP
- TM:
-
Thermal mixing
References
Abragam A (1961) Principles of nuclear magnetism. Oxford University Press, London
Jeffries CD (1964) Ann Rev Nucl Sci 14:101
Bouchiat M, Carver T, Varnum C (1960) Phys Rev Lett 5:373
Eisenschmid TC, Kirss RU, Deutsch PP, Hommeltoft SI, Eisenberg R, Bargon J, Lawler RG, Balch AL (1987) J Am Chem Soc 109:8089
Bowers CR, Weitekamp DP (1986) Phys Rev Lett 57:2645
Bargon J, Fischer H, Johnsen U (1967) Z Naturforsch A 22:1551
Ward HR, Lawler RG (1967) J Am Chem Soc 89:5518
Closs GL (1969) J Am Chem Soc 91:4552
Kaptein R, Dijkstra K, Nicolay K (1978) Nature 274:293
Adams R, Aguilar J, Atkinson K, Cowley M, Elliott P, Duckett S, Green G, Khazal I, Lopez-Serrano J, Williamson D (2009) Science 323:1708
Haupt J (1972) Phys Lett A A 38:389
Horsewill AJ (1999) Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 35:359
Ludwig C, Saunders M, Marin-Montesinos I, Günther UL (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:10799
Tomaselli M, Meier U, Meier BH (2004) J Chem Phys 120:4051
Tomaselli M, Knecht DW, Holleman I, Meijer G, Meier BH (2000) J Chem Phys 113:5141
Tomaselli M, Meier BH (2001) J Chem Phys 115:11017
Bifone A, Song YQ, Seydoux R, Taylor RE, Goodson BM, Pietrass T, Budinger TF, Navon G, Pines A (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:12932
Lampel G (1968) Phys Rev Lett 20:491
Albert MS, Cates GD, Driehuys B, Happer W, Saam B, Springer CS Jr, Wishnia A (1994) Nature 370:199
Navon G, Song Y-Q, Rõõm T, Appelt S, Taylor R, Pines A (1996) Science 271:1848
Overhauser AW (1953) Phys Rev 92:411
Carver TR, Slichter CP (1953) Phys Rev 92:212
Carver TR, Slichter CP (1956) Phys Rev 102:975
Pound RV (1950) Phys Rev 79:685
Abragam A (1955) Phys Rev 98:1729
Jeffries CD (1957) Phys Rev 106:164
Borghini M (1968) Phys Rev Lett 20:419
Borghini M, Scheffler K (1971) Phys Rev Lett 26:1362
Abragam A, Proctor W (1958) C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci 246:2253
Kessenikh A, Lushchinov V, Manekov A, Taran Y (1963) Sov Phys Solid State 5:321
Kessenikh A, Manenkov A, Lyatnitskii G (1964) Sov Phys Solid State 6:641
Hwang CF, Hill D (1967) Phys Rev Lett 18:110
Hwang CF, Hill DA (1967) Phys Rev Lett 19:1011
Byvik CE, Wollan DS (1974) Phys Rev B 10:791
Wollan DS (1976) Phys Rev B 13:3686
Wind RA, Duijvestijn MJ, van der Lugt C, Manenschijn A, Vriend J (1985) Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 17:33
Hausser K, Stehlik D (1968) Adv Magn Reson 3:79
Hall D, Maus D, Gerfen G, Inati S, Becerra L, Dahlquist F, Griffin R (1997) Science 276:930
Müller-Warmuth W, Meise-Gresch K (1983) Adv Magnn Reson 11:1
Bennati M, Tkach I, Türke M-T (2011) Electron Paramagn Reson 22:155
Abragam A, Goldman M (1978) Rep Prog Phys 41:395
Maly T, Debelouchina GT, Bajaj VS, Hu KN, Joo CG, Mak-Jurkauskas ML, Sirigiri JR, van der Wel PC, Herzfeld J, Temkin RJ, Griffin RG (2008) J Chem Phys 128:052211
Hovav Y, Feintuch A, Vega S (2011) J Chem Phys 134:074509
Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Fridlund B, Gram A, Hansson G, Hansson L, Lerche MH, Servin R, Thaning M, Golman K (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci 100:10158
Slichter CP (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5741
Denninger G, Stocklein W, Dormann E, Schwoerer M (1984) Chem Phys Lett 107:222
Stocklein W, Seidel H, Singel D, Kendrick R, Yannoni C (1987) Chem Phys Lett 141:277
Wind RA, Lock H, Mehring M (1987) Chem Phys Lett 141:283
Solomon I (1955) Phys Rev Lett 99:959
Bates R Jr, Drozdoski W (1977) J Chem Phys 67:4038
Armstrong B, Han S (2007) J Chem Phys 127:104508
Abragam A, Pound R (1953) Phys Rev 92:943
Hwang LP, Freed JH (1975) J Chem Phys 63:4017
Bennati M, Luchinat C, Parigi G, Türke M (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5902
Armstrong BD, Han S (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:4641
Reese M, Türke MT, Tkach I, Parigi G, Luchinat C, Marquardsen T, Tavernier A, Hofer P, Engelke F, Griesinger C, Bennati M (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:15086
Lingwood M, Han S (2009) J Magn Reson 201:137
Sezer D, Prandolini MJ, Prisner TF (2009) Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:6626
Kryukov EV, Pike KJ, Tam TKY, Newton ME, Smith ME, Dupree R (2011) Phys Chem Chem Phys 13:4372
Jeffries CD (1960) Phys Rev 117:1056
Wenckebach WT (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:227
Henstra A, Wenckebach WT (2008) Mol Phys 106:859
Jeschke G, Schweiger A (1996) Mol Phys 88(2):335
Henstra A, Dirksen P, Schmidt J, Wenckebach WT (1988) J Magn Reson 77:389
Wind R, Lock H (1990) Adv Magn Opt Reson 15:51
Ludwig C, Marin-Montesinos I, Saunders MG, Günther UL (2010) J Am Chem Soc 132:2508
Lumata L, Kovacs Z, Malloy C, Sherry AD, Merritt M (2011) Phys Med Biol 56:N85
Bloembergen N (1949) Physica 15:3386
Dementyev AE, Cory DG, Ramanathan C (2008) Phys Rev Lett 100:127601
Saunders MG, Ludwig C, Günther UL (2008) J Am Chem Soc 130:6914
Abragam A, Borghini M (1964) In: Gorter C (ed) Progress in low temperature physics, vol IV. North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam
Goldman M (1970) Spin temperature and nuclear magnetic resonance in solids. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Goertz S (2004) Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 526:28
Radtke E, Reicherz G, Schiemann M (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:461
Wind R, Li L, Lock H, Maciel G (1988) J Magn Reson 79:577
Henstra A, Dirksen P, Wenckebach WT (1988) Phys Lett A 134:134
Henstra A, Lin T, Schmidt J, Wenckebach W (1990) Chem Phys Lett 165:6
Weis V, Bennati M, Rosay M, Griffin RG (2000) J Chem Phys 113:6795
Morley GW, van Tol J, Ardavan A, Porfyrakis K, Zhang J, Briggs GA (2007) Phys Rev Lett 98:220501
Bajaj V, Farrar C, Hornstein M, Mastovsky I, Vieregg J, Bryant J, Elena B, Kreischer K, Temkin R, Griffin R (2003) J Magn Reson 160:85
Bajaj VS, Hornstein MK, Kreischer KE, Sirigiri JR, Woskov PP, Mak-Jurkauskas ML, Herzfeld J, Temkin RJ, Griffin RG (2007) J Magn Reson 189:251
Maly T, Andreas LB, Smith AA, Griffin RG (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5872
Wind R, Anthonio F, Duijvestijn M, Smidt J, Trommel J, de Vette G (1983) J Magn Reson 52:424
Afeworki M, McKay RA, Schaefer J (1992) Macromolecules 25:4084
Becerra LR, Gerfen GJ, Temkin RJ, Singel DJ, Griffin RG (1993) Phys Rev Lett 71:3561
Becerra L, Gerfen G, Bellew B, Bryant J, Hall D, Inati S, Weber R, Un S, Prisner T, McDermott A (1995) J Magn Reson Series A 117:28
Hu KN, Yu H, Swager TM, Griffin RG (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:10844
Song C, Hu KN, Joo CG, Swager TM, Griffin RG (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:11385
Matsuki Y, Maly T, Ouari O, Karoui H, Le Moigne F, Rizzato E, Lyubenova S, Herzfeld J, Prisner T, Tordo P, Griffin RG (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 48:4996
Ysacco C, Rizzato E, Virolleaud M-A, Karoui H, Rockenbauer A, Le Moigne F, Siri D, Ouari O, Griffin RG, Tordo P (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5841
Thurber KR, Tycko R (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5779
Barnes AB, Corzilius B, Mak-Jurkauskas ML, Andreas LB, Bajaj VS, Matsuki Y, Belenky ML, Lugtenburg J, Sirigiri JR, Temkin RJ, Herzfeld J, Griffin RG (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5861
Debelouchina GT, Bayro MJ, Van Der Wel PCA, Caporini MA, Barnes AB, Rosay M, Maas WE, Griffin RG (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5911
Akbey U, Franks WT, Linden A, Lange S, Griffin RG, van Rossum BJ, Oschkinat H (2010) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 49:7803
Maly T, Miller AF, Griffin RG (2010) Chemphyschem 11:999
Lesage A, Lelli M, Gajan D, Caporini MA, Vitzthum V, Mieville P, Alauzun J, Roussey A, Thieuleux C, Mehdi A, Bodenhausen G, Coperet C, Emsley L (2010) J Am Chem Soc 132:15459
Idehara T, Saito T, Ogawa I, Mitsudo S, Tatematsu Y, Agusu L, Mori H, Kobayashi S (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:265
Feintuch A, Shimon D, Hovav Y, Banerjee D, Kaminker I, Lipkin Y, Zibzener K, Epel B, Vega S, Goldfarb D (2011) J Magn Reson 209:136
Hunter RI, Cruickshank PAS, Bolton DR, Riedi PC, Smith GM (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5752
Thurber KR, Yau WM, Tycko R (2010) J Magn Reson 204:303
Dorn HC, Wang J, Allen L, Sweeney D, Glass T (1988) J Magn Reson 79:404
Stevenson S, Dorn HC (1994) Anal Chem 66:2993
Stevenson S, Glass T, Dorn H (1998) Anal Chem 70:2623
Dorn H, Gitti R, Tsai K, Glass T (1989) Chem Phys Lett 155:227
Sudmeier JL, Günther UL, Albert K, Bachovchin WW (1996) J Magn Reson A 118:145
Lingwood M, Siaw T, Sailasuta N, Ross B, Bhattacharya P, Han S (2010) J Magn Reson 205:247
Purcell EM, Pound RV (1951) Phys Rev 81:279
Redfield AG (2003) Magn Reson Chem 41:753
Grosse S, Gubaydullin F, Scheelken H, Vieth HM, Yurkovskaya AV (1999) Appl Magn Reson 17:211
Victor K, Kavolius V, Bryant R (2004) J Magn Reson 171:253
Noack F (1986) Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 18:171
Reese M, Lennartz D, Marquardsen T, Höfer P, Tavernier A, Carl P, Schippmann T, Bennati M, Carlomagno T, Engelke F, Griesinger C (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:301
Krahn A, Lottmann P, Marquardsen T, Tavernier A, Türke M, Reese M, Leonov A, Bennati M, Hoefer P, Engelke F (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5830
Zotev VS, Owens T, Matlashov AN, Savukov IM, Gomez JJ, Espy MA (2010) J Magn Reson 207:78
Münnemann K, Bauer C, Schmiedeskam J, Spiess H, Schreiber W, Hiderberger D (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:321
Armstrong B, Lingwood M, McCarney E, Brown E, Blümler P, Han S (2008) J Magn Reson 191:273
McDermott R (2002) Science 295:2247
Guiberteau T, Grucker D (1996) J Magn Reson Series B 110:47
Halse ME, Callaghan PT (2008) J Magn Reson 195:162
Türke MT, Tkach I, Reese M, Höfer P, Bennati M (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5893
Höfer P, Parigi G, Luchinat C, Carl P, Guthausen G, Reese M, Carlomagno T, Griesinger C, Bennati M (2008) J Am Chem Soc 130:3254
Villanueva-Garibay JA, Annino G, Van Bentum PJM, Kentgens APM (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5846
Denysenkov V, Prandolini MJ, Gafurov M, Sezer D, Endeward B, Prisner TF (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5786
Prandolini MJ, Denysenkov VP, Gafurov M, Endeward B, Prisner TF (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:6090
Sezer D, Gafurov M, Prandolini MJ, Denysenkov VP, Prisner T (2009) Phys Chem Chem Phys 11:6638
Kryukov EV, Newton ME, Pike KJ, Bolton DR, Kowalczyk RM, Howes AP, Smith ME, Dupree R (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5757
Loening N, Rosay M, Weis V, Griffin R (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:8808
Kausik R, Han S (2009) J Am Chem Soc 131:18254
Armstrong BD, Choi J, Lopez C, Wesener DA, Hubbell W, Cavagnero S, Han S (2011) J Am Chem Soc 133:5987
Sowerby A (2005) Chem Ind:21
Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Leach AM, Clarke N, Urbahn J, Anderson D, Skloss TW (2011) NMR Biomed 24:927–932
Comment A, van den Brandt B, Uffmann K, Kurdzesau F, Jannin S, Konter JA, Hautle P, Wenckebach WT, Gruetter R, Van Der Klink J (2007) Concepts Magn Reson 31B:225
Leggett J, Hunter R, Granwehr J, Panek R, Perez-Linde AJ, Horsewill AJ, McMaster J, Smith G, Kockenberger W (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5883
Bowen S, Hilty C (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5766
Liu Y, Villamena FA, Rockenbauer A, Rockenbauer A, Zweier J (2010) Chem Commun (Camb) 46:628
Day SE, Kettunen MI, Gallagher FA, Hu DE, Lerche M, Wolber J, Golman K, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Brindle KM (2007) Nat Med 13:1382
Brindle K (2008) Nat Rev Cancer 8:94
Gallagher FA, Kettunen MI, Day SE, Hu D-E, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Zandt RIt, Jensen PR, Karlsson M, Golman K, Lerche MH, Brindle KM (2008) Nature 453:940
Nelson S, Vigneron D, Kurhanewicz J, Chen A, Bok R, Hurd D (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:533
Golman K, Zandt RI, Lerche M, Pehrson R, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH (2006) Cancer Res 66:10855
Ardenkjaer-Larsen J, Macholl S, Johannesson H (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:509
Reynolds S, Patel H (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:495
Day IJ, Mitchell JC, Snowden MJ, Davis AL (2007) Magn Reson Chem 45:1018
Macholl S, Johannesson H, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5804
Johannesson H, Macholl S, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH (2009) J Magn Reson 197:167
Jannin S, Comment A, Kurdzesau F, Konter JA, Hautle P, van den Brandt B, van der Klink JJ (2008) J Chem Phys 128:241102
Emwas A-H, Saunders M, Ludwig C, Günther U (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:483
Comment A, Rentsch J, Kurdzesau F, Jannin S, Uffmann K, van Heeswijk RB, Hautle P, Konter JA, van den Brandt B, van der Klink JJ (2008) J Magn Reson 194:152
Kurdzesau F, van den Brandt B, Comment A, Hautle P, Jannin S, Van Der Klink J, Konter J (2008) J Phys D: Appl Phys 41:155506
Mishkovsky M, Frydman L (2008) Phys Chem Chem Phys 9:2340
Frydman L, Blazina D (2007) Nat Phys 3:415
Panek R, Granwehr J, Leggett J, Kockenberger W (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5771
Ludwig C, Marin-Montesinos I, Saunders MG, Emwas AH, Pikramenou Z, Hammond SP, Günther UL (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5868
Bowen S, Zeng H, Hilty C (2008) Anal Chem 80:5794
Zeng H, Bowen S, Hilty C (2009) J Magn Reson 199:159
Wilson D, Hurd R, Keshari K et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:5503
Vasos PR, Comment A, Sarkar R, Ahuja P, Jannin S, Ansermet JP, Konter JA, Hautle P, van den Brandt B, Bodenhausen G (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:18469
Pileio G, Carravetta M, Levitt MH (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:17135
Carravetta M, Johannessen OG, Levitt MH (2004) Phys Rev Lett 92:153003
Carravetta M, Levitt MH (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:6228
Warren WS, Jenista E, Branca RT, Chen X (2009) Science 323:1711
Bowen S, Hilty C (2008) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 47:5235
Harris T, Giraudeau P, Frydman L (2011) Chemistry 17:697
Bowen S, Sekar G, Hilty C (2011) NMR Biomed 24:1016–1022
Jensen PR, Meier S, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Duus JO, Karlsson M, Lerche MH (2009) Chem Commun (Camb):5168
Lerche MH, Meier S, Jensen PR, Baumann H, Petersen BO, Karlsson M, Duus JO, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH (2010) J Magn Reson 203:52
Joo CG, Hu KN, Bryant JA, Griffin RG (2006) J Am Chem Soc 128:9428
Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH, Laursen I, Leunbach I, Ehnholm G, Wistrand LG, Petersson JS, Golman K (1998) J Magn Reson 133:1
Thaning M (2000) US Patent 6,013,810
Wind RA, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH (1999) J Magn Reson 141:347
Dane EL, Maly T, Debelouchina GT, Griffin RG, Swager TM (2009) Org Lett 11:1871
Gafurov M, Lyubenova S, Denysenkov V, Ouari O, Karoui H, Le Moigne F, Tordo P, Prisner T (2010) Appl Magn Reson 37:505
Gabellieri C, Mugnaini V, Paniagua JC, Roques N, Oliveros M, Feliz M, Veciana J, Pons M (2010) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 49:3360
Paniagua JC, Mugnaini V, Gabellieri C, Feliz M, Roques N, Veciana J, Pons M (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5824
Stephan M, Günther UL (PhosPhoenix SARL) Patent FR2010 04364
Dollmann BC, Kleschyov AL, Sen V, Golubev V, Schreiber L, Spiess H, Münnemann K, Hinderberger D (2010) Chemphyschem 11:3656
Dollmann BC, Junk MJN, Drechsler M, Spiess HW, Hinderberger D, Münnemann K (2010) Phys Chem Chem Phys 12:5879
Pavlovskaya GE, Cleveland ZI, Stupic KF, Basaraba RJ, Meersmann T (2005) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102:18275
Türke M-T, Bennati M (2011) Phys Chem Chem Phys 13:3630–3633
Barnes A, De Paëpe G, Van Der Wel P, Hu K, Joo C, Bajaj V, Mak-Jurkauskas M, Sirigiri J, Herzfeld J, Temkin R, Griffin R (2008) Appl Magn Reson 34:237
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Marina Bennati and Thomas Prisner for helpful discussions. I would like to thank Christian Ludwig for providing additional data for Fig. 16d. I also thank Christian Ludwig and Rafael Brüschweiler for critical proof reading.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Günther, U.L. (2011). Dynamic Nuclear Hyperpolarization in Liquids. In: Heise, H., Matthews, S. (eds) Modern NMR Methodology. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 335. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_229
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_229
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-37990-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-37991-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)