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Liquid Crystalline Crown Ethers

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Liquid Crystals

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 318))

Abstract

In this chapter, a comprehensive review over the entire reserarch on liquid crystalline crown ethers since their discovery will be given. Monomeric and polymeric molecules containing crown ethers as well as aza crown ethers, thia crown ethers and crown ethers with several different heteroatoms will be presented. Liquid crystallinity is, in most cases, caused by the substituents attached to the crown ethers. The respective macrocycle can be surrounded by multiple substituents or attachment can take place terminally or laterally. Within the substituents, a variety of geometries, such as rods, discs or tapers have been reported, resulting in different types of mesophases. The effects of complexation will be discussed in detail as complexation has a varying influence on the properties, ranging from the induction or stabilization of a mesophase to the destabilization or even the complete loss of the mesophase, depending on the crown, the salt or the counterion of the salt. For selected examples, the synthesis of the materials will be discussed. Possible applications in sensor or membrane technology as well as in chromatography will be shown.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    It has to be noted that only the (001) reflection accompanied by a wide-angle halo was observed which would also account for a smectic phase. Yet, the textures indicate a columnar order.

  2. 2.

    A variety of phase geometries (p6mm, p2mg, p2gg, c2mm) was observed depending on lateral substituent and complexed salt. Details can be found in [55, 118–120].

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  1. Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany

    Martin Kaller & Sabine Laschat

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  1. Martin Kaller
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  2. Sabine Laschat
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  1. , Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenber, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, Halle/Saale, 06120, Germany

    Carsten Tschierske

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Kaller, M., Laschat, S. (2011). Liquid Crystalline Crown Ethers. In: Tschierske, C. (eds) Liquid Crystals. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 318. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_211

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