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Cellulose and Derivatives from Wood and Fibers as Renewable Sources of Raw-Materials

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Carbohydrates in Sustainable Development I

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 294))

Abstract

Cellulose is the most important biopolymer in Nature and is used in preparation of new compounds. Molecular structure of cellulose is a repeating unit of β-d-glucopyranose molecules forming a linear chain that can have a crystallographic or an amorphous form. Cellulose is insoluble in water, but can dissolve in ionic liquids. Hemicelluloses are the second most abundant polysaccharides in Nature, in which xylan is one of the major constituents of this polymer. There are several sources of cellulose and hemicelluloses, but the most important source is wood. Typical chemical modifications are esterifications and etherifications of hydroxyl groups. TEMPO-mediated oxidation is a good method to promote oxidation of primary hydroxyl groups to aldehyde and carboxylic acids, selectively. Modified cellulose can be used in the pharmaceutical industry as a metal adsorbent. It is used in the preparation of cellulosic fibers and biocomposites such as nanofibrils and as biofuels.

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Abbreviations

AMIMCl:

1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride

BMIMCl:

1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride

CUA:

Cellouronic acid

DP:

Degree of polymerization

IL:

Ionic liquids

NMMO:

N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide

SSCF:

Simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation

SSF:

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation

TEMPO:

2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit of Textile and Paper Materials, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal

    J. A. Figueiredo, M. I. Ismael, C. M. S. Anjo & A. P. Duarte

Authors
  1. J. A. Figueiredo
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  2. M. I. Ismael
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  3. C. M. S. Anjo
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  4. A. P. Duarte
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. A. Figueiredo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Ciências, Depto. Química e Bioquímica, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal

    Amélia P. Rauter

  2. Inst. Chimie Organique, Université Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland

    Pierre Vogel

  3. Labo. Chimie Organique (LCO), INSA Lyon, av. Albert Einstein 20, Villeurbanne CX, 69621, France

    Yves Queneau

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Figueiredo, J.A., Ismael, M.I., Anjo, C.M.S., Duarte, A.P. (2010). Cellulose and Derivatives from Wood and Fibers as Renewable Sources of Raw-Materials. In: Rauter, A., Vogel, P., Queneau, Y. (eds) Carbohydrates in Sustainable Development I. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 294. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2010_88

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