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Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms: Functional Molecules, Relation to Virulence, and Vaccine Potential

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Glycoscience and Microbial Adhesion

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Chemistry ((TOPCURRCHEM,volume 288))

Abstract

Medical device-associated infections, most frequently caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, are of increasing importance in modern medicine. The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms is crucial in the pathogenesis of these infections. Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), a homoglycan of β-1,6-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyl residues, of which about 15% are non-N-acetylated, is central to biofilm accumulation in staphylococci. It transpires that polysaccharides – structurally very similar to PIA – are also key to biofilm formation in a number of other organisms including the important human pathogens Escherichia coli, Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Yersinia pestis, and Bordetella spp. Apparently, synthesis of PIA and related polysaccharides is a general feature important for biofilm formation in diverse bacterial genera. Current knowledge about the structure and biosynthesis of PIA and related polysaccharides is reviewed. Additionally, information on their role in pathogenesis of biomaterial-related and other type of infections and the potential use of PIA and related compounds for prevention of infection is evaluated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Life Science, School of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom

    Dietrich Mack, Angharad P. Davies & Llinos G. Harris

  2. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universität Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

    Johannes K. M. Knobloch

  3. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Zentrum für Klinische Pathologie, Universitäts-Klinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

    Holger Rohde

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  2. Angharad P. Davies
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  3. Llinos G. Harris
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  4. Johannes K. M. Knobloch
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  5. Holger Rohde
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dietrich Mack .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3, Kiel, 24118, Germany

    Thisbe K. Lindhorst

  2. Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden

    Stefan Oscarson

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© 2008 Springer-Verlag London

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Mack, D., Davies, A.P., Harris, L.G., Knobloch, J.K.M., Rohde, H. (2008). Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms: Functional Molecules, Relation to Virulence, and Vaccine Potential. In: Lindhorst, T., Oscarson, S. (eds) Glycoscience and Microbial Adhesion. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 288. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/128_2008_19

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