Abstract
This paper proposes a multi-resolution technique for real-time animation of large crowds, which is useful for massively multi-player online games. Skinning is used to animate non-player characters (NPCs) at close proximity as well as player characters, vertex keyframe animation is used for middle-distance NPCs, and impostors are used for rendering long-distance NPCs. Both of skinning and vertex keyframe animation are accelerated by GPU, and each character is animated independently of the others. The experiments show that hundreds of thousands of characters can be animated at real-time.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lewis, J.P., Cordner, M., Fong, N.: Pose space deformations: A unified approach to shape interpoalation and skeleton-driven deformation. In: SIGGRAPH 2000, 165–172 (2000)
Guymon, M.: Pyro-techniques: Playing with fire. Game Developer 7, 23–27 (2000)
Maciel, P., Shirley, P.: Visual navigation of large environments using textured clusters. In: Proc. Symposium of Interactive 3D Graphics (1995)
Tecchia, F., Loscos, C., Chrysanthou, Y.: Image based crowd rendering. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 22 (2002)
Aubel, A., Boulic, R., Thalmann, D.: Real-time display of virtual humans: levels of details and impostors. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 10, 207–217 (2000)
Heigeas, L., Luciani, A., Thollot, J., Castagne, N.: A physically-based particle model of emergent crowd behaviors. In: Proc. Graphikon 2003 (2003)
Dobbyn, S., Hamill, J., O’Conor, K., O’Sullivan, C.: Geopostors: A real-time geometry / impostor crowd rendering system. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 933 (2005)
Microsoft: Instancing sample. DirectX SDK (February 2006)
Zelsnack, J.: GLSL pseudo-instancing. NVIDIA Technical Report (November 2004)
Gosselin, D.R., Sander, P.V., Mitchell, J.L.: Drawing a crowd. ShaderX3. CHARLES RIVER MEDIA, pp. 505–517 (2004)
Kang, I., Han, J.: Real-time Animation of Large Crowds (Poster). In: International Conference on Entertainment Computing (2006)
Wu, O.: Animation with R2VB. ATI SDK (2006)
NVIDIA: Using vertex buffer objects. NVIDIA White Paper (October 2003)
NVIDIA: Fast texture downloads and readbacks using pixel buffer objects in OpenGL. NVIDIA User Guide (August 2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kang, I., Eom, Y.I., Han, J. (2006). A Multi-resolution Technique for Real-time Animation of Large Crowds. In: Levi, A., Savaş, E., Yenigün, H., Balcısoy, S., Saygın, Y. (eds) Computer and Information Sciences – ISCIS 2006. ISCIS 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4263. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11902140_42
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11902140_42
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-47242-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47243-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)