Abstract
Several query languages have been proposed for managing data streams in modern monitoring applications. Continuous queries expressed in these languages usually employ windowing constructs in order to extract finite portions of the potentially unbounded stream. Explicitly or not, window specifications rely on ordering. Usually, timestamps are attached to all tuples flowing into the system as a means to provide ordered access to data items. Several window types have been implemented in stream prototype systems, but a precise definition of their semantics is still lacking. In this paper, we describe a formal framework for expressing windows in continuous queries over data streams. After classifying windows according to their basic characteristics, we give algebraic expressions for the most significant window types commonly appearing in applications. As an essential step towards a stream algebra, we then propose formal definitions for the windowed analogs of typical relational operators, such as join, union or aggregation, and we identify several properties useful to query optimization.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abadi, D.J., Carney, D., Çetintemel, U., Cherniack, M., Convey, C., Lee, S., Stonebraker, M., Tatbul, N., Zdonik, S.: Aurora: a New Model and Architecture for Data Stream Management. VLDB Journal 12(2), 120–139 (2003)
Abiteboul, S., Hull, R., Vianu, V.: Foundations of Databases. Addison-Wesley, Reading (1995)
Arasu, A., Babu, S., Widom, J.: The CQL Continuous Query Language: Semantic Foundations and Query Execution. VLDB Journal (to appear, 2006)
Ayad, A., Naughton, J.: Static Optimization of Conjunctive Queries with Sliding Windows over Data Streams. In: ACM SIGMOD, June 2004, pp. 419–430 (2004)
Arasu, A., Widom, J.: A Denotational Semantics for Continuous Queries over Streams and Relations. ACM SIGMOD Record 33(3), 6–12 (2004)
Babcock, B., Babu, S., Datar, M., Motwani, R., Widom, J.: Models and Issues in Data Stream Systems. In: ACM PODS, May 2002, pp. 1–16 (2002)
Barbarà, D.: The Characterization of Continuous Queries. International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 8(4), 295–323 (1999)
Chandrasekaran, S., Cooper, O., Deshpande, A., Franklin, M.J., Hellerstein, J.M., Hong, W., Krishnamurthy, S., Madden, S.R., Raman, V., Reiss, F., Shah, M.A.: TelegraphCQ: Continuous Dataflow Processing for an Uncertain World. In: CIDR, Asilomar, California (January 2003)
Dayal, U., Goodman, N., Katz, R.H.: An Extended Relational Algebra with Control over Duplicate Elimination. In: ACM PODS, March 1982, pp. 117–123 (1982)
Golab, L., Tamer Özsu, M.: Update-Pattern-Aware Modeling and Processing of Continuous Queries. In: ACM SIGMOD, June 2005, pp. 658–669 (2005)
Hammad, M., Aref, W., Franklin, M., Mokbel, M., Elmagarmid, A.: Efficient Execution of Sliding Window Queries over Data Streams. Technical Report CSD-TR-03-035, Purdue University (2003)
Jensen, C.S., Snodgrass, R.T.: Temporal Data Management. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 11(1), 36–44 (1999)
Johnson, T., Muthukrishnan, S., Shkapenyuk, V., Spatscheck, O.: A Heartbeat Mechanism and its Application in Gigascope. In: VLDB, September 2005, pp. 1079–1088 (2005)
Krämer, J., Seeger, B.: A Temporal Foundation for Continuous Queries over Data Streams. In: COMAD, January 2005, pp. 70–82 (2005)
Li, J., Maier, D., Tufte, K., Papadimos, V., Tucker, P.A.: Semantics and Evaluation Techniques for Window Aggregates in Data Streams. In: ACM SIGMOD, June 2005, pp. 311–322 (2005)
Maier, D., Li, J., Tucker, P., Tufte, K., Papadimos, V.: Semantics of Data Streams and Operators. In: ICDT, January 2005, pp. 37–52 (2005)
Patroumpas, K., Sellis, T.: Managing Trajectories of Moving Objects as Data Streams. In: STDBM, August 2004, pp. 41–48 (2004)
Seshadri, P., Livny, M., Ramakrishnan, R.: SEQ: A Model for Sequence Databases. In: ICDE, March 1995, pp. 232–239 (1995)
Terry, D.B., Goldberg, D., Nichols, D., Oki, B.M.: Continuous Queries over Append-only Databases. In: ACM SIGMOD, June 1992, pp. 321–330 (1992)
Tucker, P., Maier, D., Sheard, T., Fegaras, L.: Exploiting Punctuation Semantics in Continuous Data Streams. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 15(3), 555–568 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Patroumpas, K., Sellis, T. (2006). Window Specification over Data Streams. In: Grust, T., et al. Current Trends in Database Technology – EDBT 2006. EDBT 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4254. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11896548_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11896548_35
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-46788-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46790-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)