Abstract
We present a data hiding algorithm for point-sampled geometry. The basic idea is to consider every point of a model as a message point. We propose a Virtual Multi-Level Embed Procedure to embed information based on shifting the message point, the order of which is assigned by principal component analysis. We modify the message point by its virtual geometrical property, which leads to a change of the position of the orthogonal projection of the message point on the virtual base, the height of the virtual triangle, and the arc length of the virtual circle. Experimental results show that the proposed technique is efficient and secure, has high capacity and low distortion, and is robust against affine transformations. The technique has proven to be feasible in data hiding.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Johnson, N.F., Jajodia, S.: Exploring Steganography: Seeing the Unseen. IEEE Computer 31(2), 26–34 (1998)
Petitcolas, F.A.P., Anderson, R.J., Kuhn, M.G.: Information Hiding - A Survey. Proc. IEEE Special Issue on Protection of Multimedia Content 87(7), 1062–1078 (1999)
Katzenbeisser, S., Petitcolas, F.A.P.: Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking. Artech House, London (2000)
Pauly, M., Keiser, R., Gross, M.: Multi-Scale Feature Extraction on Point-Sampled Surfaces. Computer Graphics Forum 22(3), 281–289 (2003)
Kobbelt, L., Botsch, M.: A Survey of Point-Based Techniques in Computer Graphics. Computers & Graphics 28(6), 801–814 (2004)
Bayer, P., Widenfors, H.: Information Hiding - Steganographic Content in Streaming Media. M.S. thesis, Deptment of Software Engineering and Computer Science, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden (2002)
Ohbuchi, R., Masuda, H., Aono, M.: Watermarking Three-Dimensional Polygonal Models Through Geometric and Topological Modifications. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 16(4), 551–560 (1998)
Praun, E., Hoppe, H., Finkelstein, A.: Robust mesh watermarking. In: Proc. SIGGRAPH, pp. 49–56 (1999)
Ohbuchi, R., Takahashi, S., Miyasawa, T., Mukaiyama, A.: Watermarking 3D Polygonal Meshes in the Mesh Spectral Domain. In: Proc. Graphics Interface, pp. 9–17 (2001)
Ohbuchi, R., Mukaiyama, A., Takahashi, S.: A Frequency-Domain Approach to Watermarking 3D Shapes. Computer Graphics Forum 21(3), 373–382 (2002)
Cayre, F., Macq, B.: Data Hiding on 3-D Triangle Meshes. IEEE Trans. Signal Processing 51(4), 939–949 (2003)
Cayre, F., Devillers, O., Schmitt, F., Maitre, H.: Watermarking 3D Triangle Meshes for Authentication and Integrity. Rapport de recherche 5223, INRIA (2004)
Wang, C.M., Cheng, Y.M.: An Efficient Information Hiding Algorithm for Polygon Models. Computer Graphics Forum 24(3), 591–600 (2005)
Wang, C.M., Wang, P.C.: Data Hiding Approach for Point-Sampled Geometry. IEICE Transactions on Communications E88-B 1, 190–194 (2005)
Cotting, D., Weyrich, T., Pauly, M., Gross, M.: Robust Watermarking of Point-Sampled Geometry. In: Proc. International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications, pp. 233–242 (2004)
Ohbuchi, R., Mukaiyama, A., Takahashi, S.: Watermarking a 3D Shape Model Defined as a Point Set. In: Proc. of International Conference on Cyberwords, pp. 392–399 (2004)
Rencher, A.C.: Methods of Multivariate Analysis, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (2002)
Cachin, C.: An Information-Theoretic Model for Steganography. In: Proc. of 2nd Information Hiding Workshop, pp. 306–318 (1998)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cheng, YM., Wang, CM., Tsai, YY. (2006). A Data Hiding Algorithm for Point-Sampled Geometry. In: Gavrilova, M., et al. Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2006. ICCSA 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3980. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11751540_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11751540_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-34070-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-34071-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)