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Calcium Oscillations and Ectopic Beats in Virtual Ventricular Myocytes and Tissues: Bifurcations, Autorhythmicity and Propagation

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Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart (FIMH 2005)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 3504))

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Abstract

One mechanism for the onset of arrhythmias is abnormal impulse initiation such as ventricular ectopic beats. These may be caused by abnormal calcium (Ca2 + ) cycling. The Luo-Rudy model was used to simulate the dynamics of intracellular Ca2 +  ([Ca2 + ]i) handling and the initiation of ectopic beats in virtual ventricular myocytes and tissues. [Ca2 + ]i in the reduced Ca2 +  handling equations settles to a steady state at low levels of intracellular sodium ([Na + ]i), but oscillates when [Na + ]i is increased. These oscillations emerge through a homoclinic bifurcation. In the whole cell, Ca2 +  overload, brought about by inhibition of the sodium-potassium pump and elevated [Na + ]i, can cause autorhythmic depolarisations. These oscillations interact with membrane currents to cause action potentials that propagate through one dimensional virtual tissue strands and two dimensional anisotropic virtual tissue sheets.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computational Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Alan P. Benson & Arun V. Holden

Authors
  1. Alan P. Benson
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  2. Arun V. Holden
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Computational Imaging Lab, Department of Technology - D.326, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain

    Alejandro F. Frangi

  2. Computer Vision Center, Campus UAB, Edifici O, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain, Dept. Matemàtica Aplicada i Anàlisi, Universitat de Barcelona, Gran Via 585, 08007, Barcelona, Spain

    Petia I. Radeva

  3. School of Engineering in Telecommunication, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Andres Santos

  4. GTC, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Spain

    Monica Hernandez

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© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Benson, A.P., Holden, A.V. (2005). Calcium Oscillations and Ectopic Beats in Virtual Ventricular Myocytes and Tissues: Bifurcations, Autorhythmicity and Propagation. In: Frangi, A.F., Radeva, P.I., Santos, A., Hernandez, M. (eds) Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart. FIMH 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3504. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11494621_31

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11494621_31

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-26161-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32081-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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