Physiology of epithelial Ca2+ and Mg2+ transport

van de Graaf, S. F. J.; Bindels, R. J. M.; Hoenderop, J. G. J.

doi:10.1007/112_2006_0607

S. F. J. van de Graaf²,
R. J. M. Bindels² &
J. G. J. Hoenderop²

Part of the book series: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ((REVIEWS,volume 158))

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56 Citations
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Abstract

Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ are essential ions in a wide variety of cellular processes and form a major constituent of bone. It is, therefore, essential that the balance of these ions is strictly maintained. In the last decade, major breakthrough discoveries have vastly expanded our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying epithelial Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ transport. The genetic defects underlying various disorders with altered Ca²⁺ and/or Mg²⁺ handling have been determined. Recently, this yielded the molecular identification of TRPM6 as the gatekeeper of epithelial Mg²⁺ transport. Furthermore, expression cloning strategies have elucidated two novel members of the transient receptor potential family, TRPV5 and TRPV6, as pivotal ion channels determining transcellular Ca²⁺ transport. These two channels are regulated by a variety of factors, some historically strongly linked to Ca²⁺ homeostasis, others identified in a more serendipitous manner. Herein we review the processes of epithelial Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ transport, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the various forms of regulation.

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Acknowledgements

S.F.G. was supported by an EMBO long-term fellowship (ALTF 700–2005). The authors were further supported by grants of the Dutch Organization of Scientific Research (Zon-Mw 016.006.001, ZonMW 9120.6110, NWO-ALW 814.02.001), the Stomach Liver Intestine foundation (MWO 03–19), Human Frontiers Science Program (RGP32/2004), and the Dutch Kidney foundation (C02.2030, C03.6017, C05.2134).

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S. F. J. van de Graaf, R. J. M. Bindels & J. G. J. Hoenderop

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van de Graaf, S.F.J., Bindels, R.J.M., Hoenderop, J.G.J. (2007). Physiology of epithelial Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ transport. In: Amara, S. (eds) Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol 158. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/112_2006_0607

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Published: 17 February 2007
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