Abstract
Solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) is commonly used to treat feedstocks with high solid content such as municipal solid waste and lignocellulosic biomass. Compared to liquid state anaerobic digestion (LS-AD), SS-AD has multiple advantages including high organic loading, minimal digestate generated, and low energy requirement for heating. However, the main disadvantages limiting the efficiency of SS-AD are long solid retention time, incomplete mixing, and an accumulation of inhibitors. For a successful and efficient SS-AD, it is important to control operation parameters such as nutrient levels, C/N ratio, feedstock-to-inoculum ratio, pH, temperature, and mixing. Biogas production in SS-AD performance can be enhanced by feedstock pretreatment, co-digestion, and supplement of additives such as biochar. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current development in SS-AD as an effective way for treating solid waste materials.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Hoornweg D, Bhada P (2012) What a waste. A global review of solid waste management. Urban Dev Ser Knowl Pap 281(19):44
Tomei MC, Braguglia CM, Cento G, Mininni G (2009) Modeling of anaerobic digestion of sludge. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 39(12):1003–1051
Inyang M, Gao B, Pullammanappallil P, Ding W, Zimmerman AR (2010) Biochar from anaerobically digested sugarcane bagasse. Bioresour Technol 101(22):8868–8872
Rapport RB, Zhang J, Jenkins R, Williams BM (2008) Current anaerobic digestion technologies used for treatment of municipal organic solid waste. Calif Integr Waste Manag Board:90
Ge X, Xu F, Li Y (2016) Solid-state anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass: recent progress and perspectives. Bioresour Technol 205:239–249
Shi J, Wang Z, Stiverson JA, Yu Z, Li Y (2013) Reactor performance and microbial community dynamics during solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover at mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Bioresour Technol 136:574–581
Langholtz MH, Stokes BJ, Eaton LM (2016) 2016 Billion-ton report advancing domestic resources for a thriving bioeconomy. Oak Ridge Natl Lab 1160(July):448–2172
Kadam K, McMillan J (2003) Availability of corn stover as a sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production. Bioresour Technol 88(1):17–25
Brown D, Shi J, Li Y (2012) Comparison of solid-state to liquid anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic feedstocks for biogas production. Bioresour Technol 124:379–386
Cui Z, Shi J, Li Y (2011) Solid-state anaerobic digestion of spent wheat straw from horse stall. Bioresour Technol 102(20):9432–9437
Li Y, Zhang R, He Y, Liu X, Chen C, Liu G (2014) Thermophilic solid-state anaerobic digestion of alkaline-pretreated corn stover. Energy Fuels 28(6):3759–3765
Food and Agriculture Organization and of the United Nations (2012) Towards the future we want: end hunger and make the transition to sustainable agricultural and food systems. FAO, pp 1–42
Zhang C, Su H, Baeyens J, Tan T (2014) Reviewing the anaerobic digestion of food waste for biogas production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 38:383–392
Cho JK, Park SC, Chang HN (1995) Biochemical methane potential and solid state anaerobic digestion of Korean food wastes. Bioresour Technol 52(3):245–253
Yang L, Xu F, Ge X, Li Y (2015) Challenges and strategies for solid-state anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass. Renew Sust Energ Rev 44:824–834
Shi J, Xu F, Wang Z, Stiverson JA, Yu Z, Li Y (2014) Effects of microbial and non-microbial factors of liquid anaerobic digestion effluent as inoculum on solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover. Bioresour Technol 157:188–196
Karthikeyan OP, Visvanathan C (2013) Bio-energy recovery from high-solid organic substrates by dry anaerobic bio-conversion processes: a review. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 12(3):257–284
Yan Z, Song Z, Li D, Yuan Y, Liu X, Zheng T (2015) The effects of initial substrate concentration, C/N ratio, and temperature on solid-state anaerobic digestion from composting rice straw. Bioresour Technol 177:266–273
Li A et al (2013) A pyrosequencing-based metagenomic study of methane-producing microbial community in solid-state biogas reactor. Biotechnol Biofuels 6(3):17
Zhang J, Loh KC, Lee J, Wang CH, Dai Y, Wah Tong Y (2017) Three-stage anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and horse manure. Sci Rep 7(1):1–10
Takashima M, Speece RE, Parkin GF (1990) Mineral requirements for methane fermentation. Crit Rev Environ Control 19(5):465–479
Liu CM et al (2018) Evaluation of methane yield using acidogenic effluent of NaOH pretreated corn stover in anaerobic digestion. Renew Energy 116:224–233
Speece RE, McCarty PL (1964) Nutrient requirements and biological solids accumulation in anaerobic digestion. Pergamon Press, Oxford
Hoban DJ, van den Berg L (1979) Effect of iron on conversion of acetic acid to methane during methanogenic fermentations. J Appl Bacteriol 47(1):153–159
Florencio L, Jeniček P, Field JA, Lettinga G (1993) Effect of cobalt on the anaerobic degradation of methanol. J Ferment Bioeng 75(5):368–374
Scherer P, Sahm H (1981) Effect of trace elements and vitamins on the growth of Methanosarcina barkeri. Acta Biotechnol 1:57–65
Diekert G, Konheiser U, Piechulla K, Thauer RK (1981) Nickel requirement and factor F430 content of methanogenic bacteria. J Bacteriol 148(2):459–464
Kiener A, Husain I, Sancar A, Walsh C (1989) Purification and properties of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum DNA photolyase. J Biol Chem 264(23):13880–13887
Nessim SJ, Nisenbaum R, Bargman JM, Jassal SV (1986) Tetrahydromethanopterin-dependent serine transhydroxymethylase from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. Perit Dial Int 32(3):316–321
Park CM, Novak JT (2013) The effect of direct addition of iron(III) on anaerobic digestion efficiency and odor causing compounds. Water Sci Technol 68(11):2391–2396
Kayhanian M, Rich D (1995) Pilot-scale high solids thermophilic anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste with an emphasis on nutrient requirements. Biomass Bioenergy 8(6):433–444
Diekert RK, Graf GB, Thauer EG (1979) Nickel requirement for carbon monoxide dehydrogenase formation in Clostridium pasteurianum. Arch Microbiol 122:117–120
Daniels L, Fuchs G, Thauer RK, Zeikus JG (1977) Carbon monoxide oxidation by methanogenic bacteria. J Bacteriol 132(1):118–126
Schönheit P, Moll J, Thauer RK (1979) Nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum requirement for growth of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum. Arch Microbiol 123(1):105–107
Zhou Y, Li C, Achu I, Liu J (2017) The effects of pre-aeration and inoculation on solid-state anaerobic digestion of rice straw. Bioresour Technol 224:78–86
Suksong W et al (2017) Thermophilic solid-state anaerobic digestion of solid waste residues from palm oil mill industry for biogas production. Ind Crop Prod 95:502–511
Ward AJ, Hobbs PJ, Holliman PJ, Jones DL (2008) Optimisation of the anaerobic digestion of agricultural resources. Bioresour Technol 99(17):7928–7940
Mao C, Feng Y, Wang X, Ren G (2015) Review on research achievements of biogas from anaerobic digestion. Renew Sust Energ Rev 45:540–555
Di Maria F, Barratta M, Bianconi F, Placidi P, Passeri D (2017) Solid anaerobic digestion batch with liquid digestate recirculation and wet anaerobic digestion of organic waste: comparison of system performances and identification of microbial guilds. Waste Manag 59:172–180
Croce S, Wei Q, D’Imporzano G, Dong R, Adani F (2016) Anaerobic digestion of straw and corn stover: the effect of biological process optimization and pre-treatment on total bio-methane yield and energy performance. Biotechnol Adv 34(8):1289–1304
Pohl M, Mumme J, Heeg K, Nettmann E (2012) Thermo- and mesophilic anaerobic digestion of wheat straw by the upflow anaerobic solid-state (UASS) process. Bioresour Technol 124:321–327
Sheets JP, Ge X, Li Y (2015) Effect of limited air exposure and comparative performance between thermophilic and mesophilic solid-state anaerobic digestion of switchgrass. Bioresour Technol 180:296–303
Chen Y, Cheng JJ, Creamer KS (2008) Inhibition of anaerobic digestion process: a review. Bioresour Technol 99(10):4044–4064
Li Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Li G, Lu J, Li S (2016) Solid state anaerobic co-digestion of tomato residues with dairy manure and corn stover for biogas production. Bioresour Technol 217:50–55
Panjičko M, Zupančič GD, Fanedl L, Logar RM, Tišma M, Zelić B (2017) Biogas production from brewery spent grain as a mono-substrate in a two-stage process composed of solid-state anaerobic digestion and granular biomass reactors. J Clean Prod 166:519–529
Abbassi-Guendouz A et al (2012) Total solids content drives high solid anaerobic digestion via mass transfer limitation. Bioresour Technol 111:55–61
Cazier EA, Trably E, Steyer JP, Escudie R (2015) Biomass hydrolysis inhibition at high hydrogen partial pressure in solid-state anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 190:106–113
Bayrakdar A, Sürmeli RÖ, Çalli B (2017) Dry anaerobic digestion of chicken manure coupled with membrane separation of ammonia. Bioresour Technol 244(June):816–823
Zhu J, Yang L, Li Y (2015) Comparison of premixing methods for solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover. Bioresour Technol 175:430–435
Li Y et al (2018) High-solid anaerobic digestion of corn straw for methane production and pretreatment of bio-briquette. Bioresour Technol 250:741–749
Fagbohungbe MO, Dodd IC, Herbert BMJ, Li H, Ricketts L, Semple KT (2015) High solid anaerobic digestion: operational challenges and possibilities. Environ Technol Innov 4:268–284
André L, Pauss A, Ribeiro T (2018) Solid anaerobic digestion: state-of-art, scientific and technological hurdles. Bioresour Technol 247:1027–1037
Stabnikova O, Liu XY, Wang JY (2008) Anaerobic digestion of food waste in a hybrid anaerobic solid-liquid system with leachate recirculation in an acidogenic reactor. Biochem Eng J 41(2):198–201
Zhu J, Zheng Y, Xu F, Li Y (2014) Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of hay and soybean processing waste for biogas production. Bioresour Technol 154:240–247
Veeken AHM, Hamelers BVM (2000) Effect of substrate-seed mixing and leachate recirculation on solid state digestion of biowaste. Water Sci Technol 41(3):255–262
Capson-Tojo G et al (2017) Dry anaerobic digestion of food waste and cardboard at different substrate loads, solid contents and co-digestion proportions. Bioresour Technol 233:166–175
Xu F, Wang F, Lin L, Li Y (2016) Comparison of digestate from solid anaerobic digesters and dewatered effluent from liquid anaerobic digesters as inocula for solid state anaerobic digestion of yard trimmings. Bioresour Technol 200:753–760
Guendouz J, Buffière P, Cacho J, Carrère M, Delgenes JP (2010) Dry anaerobic digestion in batch mode: design and operation of a laboratory-scale, completely mixed reactor. Waste Manag 30(10):1768–1771
Amani T, Nosrati M, Sreekrishnan TR (2010) Anaerobic digestion from the viewpoint of microbiological, chemical, and operational aspects – a review. Environ Rev 18:255–278
Nguyen DD et al (2016) Dry thermophilic semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of food waste: performance evaluation, modified Gompertz model analysis, and energy balance. Energy Convers Manag 128:203–210
Li W, Lu C, An G, Chang S (2017) Comparison of alkali-buffering effects and co-digestion on high-solid anaerobic digestion of horticultural waste. Energy Fuel 31(10):10990–10997
Kondusamy D, Kalamdhad AS (2014) Pre-treatment and anaerobic digestion of food waste for high rate methane production – a review. J Environ Chem Eng 2(3):1821–1830
Wu D, Lü F, Shao L, He P (2017) Effect of cycle digestion time and solid-liquid separation on digestate recirculated one-stage dry anaerobic digestion: use of intact polar lipid analysis for microbes monitoring to enhance process evaluation. Renew Energy 103:38–48
Fox P, Pohland FG (1994) Anaerobic treatment applications and fundamentals: substrate specificity during phase separation. Water Environ Res 66(5):716–724
Panjičko M, Zupančič GD, Zelić B (2015) Anaerobic biodegradation of raw and pre-treated brewery spent grain utilizing solid state anaerobic digestion. Acta Chim Slov 62(4):818–827
Tian JH, Pourcher AM, Bureau C, Peu P (2017) Cellulose accessibility and microbial community in solid state anaerobic digestion of rape straw. Bioresour Technol 223:192–201
Cesaro A, Belgiorno V (2013) Sonolysis and ozonation as pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of solid organic waste. Ultrason Sonochem 20(3):931–936
Jackowiak D, Bassard D, Pauss A, Ribeiro T (2011) Optimisation of a microwave pretreatment of wheat straw for methane production. Bioresour Technol 102(12):6750–6756
Holtman KM, Bozzi DV, Franqui-Villanueva D, Offeman RD, Orts WJ (2017) Pilot scale high solids anaerobic digestion of steam autoclaved municipal solid waste (MSW) pulp. Renew Energy 113:257–265
Liao X, Li H, Zhang Y, Liu C, Chen Q (2016) Accelerated high-solids anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge using low-temperature thermal pretreatment. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 106:141–149
Zhu J, Wan C, Li Y (2010) Enhanced solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover by alkaline pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 101(19):7523–7528
Appels L, van Assche A, Willems K, Degrève J, van Impe J, Dewil R (2011) Peracetic acid oxidation as an alternative pre-treatment for the anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. Bioresour Technol 102(5):4124–4130
Mirmohamadsadeghi S, Karimi K, Zamani A, Amiri H, Horváth IS (2014) Enhanced solid-state biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass by organosolv pretreatment. Biomed Res Int 2014:6
Mustafa AM, Poulsen TG, Sheng K (2016) Fungal pretreatment of rice straw with Pleurotus ostreatus and Trichoderma reesei to enhance methane production under solid-state anaerobic digestion. Appl Energy 180:661–671
Zhao J, Zheng Y, Li Y (2014) Fungal pretreatment of yard trimmings for enhancement of methane yield from solid-state anaerobic digestion. Bioresour Technol 156:176–181
Ge X, Matsumoto T, Keith L, Li Y (2015) Fungal pretreatment of albizia chips for enhanced biogas production by solid-state anaerobic digestion. Energy Fuels 29(1):200–204
Vasco-Correa J, Li Y (2015) Solid-state anaerobic digestion of fungal pretreated Miscanthus sinensis harvested in two different seasons. Bioresour Technol 185:211–217
Srilatha HR, Nand K, Babu KS, Madhukara K (1995) Fungal pretreatment of orange processing waste by solid-state fermentation for improved production of methane. Process Biochem 30(4):327–331
Zhou S, Zhang Y, Dong Y (2012) Pretreatment for biogas production by anaerobic fermentation of mixed corn stover and cow dung. Energy 46(1):644–648
Liang YG, Yin SS, Si YB, Zheng Z, Yuan SJ, Nie E, Luo XZ (2014) Effect of pretreatment and total solid content on thermophilic dry anaerobic digestion of Spartina alterniflora. Chem Eng J 237:209–216
Kalyani DC, Zamanzadeh M, Müller G, Horn SJ (2017) Biofuel production from birch wood by combining high solid loading simultaneous saccharification and fermentation and anaerobic digestion. Appl Energy 193:210–219
Motte JC et al (2015) Substrate milling pretreatment as a key parameter for solid-state anaerobic digestion optimization. Bioresour Technol 173:185–192
Jain S, Jain S, Wolf IT, Lee J, Tong YW (2015) A comprehensive review on operating parameters and different pretreatment methodologies for anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste. Renew Sust Energ Rev 52:142–154
Ahn J, Gu S, Hwang S (2009) Effect of microwave irradiation on the disintegration and acidogenesis of municipal secondary sludge. Chem Eng J 153:145–150
Beszédes S, László Z, Horváth ZH, Szabó G, Hodúr C (2011) Bioresource technology comparison of the effects of microwave irradiation with different intensities on the biodegradability of sludge from the dairy- and meat-industry. Bioresour Technol 102:814–821
Ariunbaatar J, Panico A, Esposito G, Pirozzi F, Lens PNL (2014) Pretreatment methods to enhance anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste. Appl Energy 123:143–156
Mosier N et al (2005) Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresour Technol 96(6):673–686
Liew LN, Shi J, Li Y (2011) Enhancing the solid-state anaerobic digestion of fallen leaves through simultaneous alkaline treatment. Bioresour Technol 102(19):8828–8834
Rinzema A, van Lier J, Lettinga G (1988) Sodium inhibition of acetoclastic methanogens in granular sludge from a UASB reactor. Enzym Microb Technol 10(1):24–32
Braguglia CM, Gianico A, Mininni G (2012) Comparison between ozone and ultrasound disintegration on sludge anaerobic digestion. J Environ Manag 95:S139–S143
Wan C, Li Y (2011) Effectiveness of microbial pretreatment by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora on different biomass feedstocks. Bioresour Technol 102(16):7507–7512
Charles W, Walker L, Cord-Ruwisch R (2009) Effect of pre-aeration and inoculum on the start-up of batch thermophilic anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste. Bioresour Technol 100(8):2329–2335
Kangle KM, Kore SV, Kore VS, Kulkarni GS (2012) Recent trends in anaerobic codigestion: a review. Univers J Environ Res Technol 2(4):210–219
Pezzolla D, Di Maria F, Zadra C, Massaccesi L, Sordi A, Gigliotti G (2017) Optimization of solid-state anaerobic digestion through the percolate recirculation. Biomass Bioenergy 96:112–118
Khairuddin N, Manaf LA, Hassan MA, Halimoon N, Wan Ab WA, Ghani K (2016) High solid anaerobic co-digestion of household organic waste with cow manure for mass and energy recovery. Pol J Environ Stud 25(4):1549–1554
Riya S, Suzuki K, Terada A, Hosomi M, Zhou S (2016) Influence of C/N ratio on performance and microbial community structure of dry-thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and rice straw. J Med Bioeng 5(1):11–14
Brown D, Li Y (2013) Solid state anaerobic co-digestion of yard waste and food waste for biogas production. Bioresour Technol 127:275–280
Wang LH, Wang Q, Cai W, Sun X (2012) Influence of mixing proportion on the solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of distiller’s grains and food waste. Biosyst Eng 112(2):130–137
Lin Y, Ge X, Li Y (2014) Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of spent mushroom substrate with yard trimmings and wheat straw for biogas production. Bioresour Technol 169:468–474
Xu F, Li Y (2012) Solid-state co-digestion of expired dog food and corn stover for methane production. Bioresour Technol 118:219–226
Nielfa A, Cano R, Fdz-Polanco M (2015) Theoretical methane production generated by the co-digestion of organic fraction municipal solid waste and biological sludge. Biotechnol Rep 5(1):14–21
Romero-Güiza MS, Vila J, Mata-Alvarez J, Chimenos JM, Astals S (2016) The role of additives on anaerobic digestion: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 58:1486–1499
Liang Y, Qiu L, Guo X, Pan J, Lu W, Ge Y (2017) Start-up performance of chicken manure anaerobic digesters amended with biochar and operated at different temperatures. Nat Environ Pollut Technol 16:615–621
Shen Y, Linville JL, Ignacio-de Leon PAA, Schoene RP, Urgun-Demirtas M (2016) Towards a sustainable paradigm of waste-to-energy process: enhanced anaerobic digestion of sludge with woody biochar. J Clean Prod 135:1054–1064
Qin Y, Wang H, Li X, Cheng JJ, Wu W (2017) Improving methane yield from organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OMSW) with magnetic rice-straw biochar. Bioresour Technol 245:1058–1066
Dang Y et al (2016) Enhancing anaerobic digestion of complex organic waste with carbon-based conductive materials. Bioresour Technol 220:516–522
Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Woodard TL, Nevin KP, Lovley DR (2015) Enhancing syntrophic metabolism in up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors with conductive carbon materials. Bioresour Technol 191:140–145
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zhou, H., Wen, Z. (2019). Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion for Waste Management and Biogas Production. In: Steudler, S., Werner, A., Cheng, J. (eds) Solid State Fermentation. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 169. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2019_86
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2019_86
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-23674-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-23675-5
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)