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Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Clinical Application: Harnessing Paracrine Roles and Niche Mechanisms

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Bioreactor Systems for Tissue Engineering II

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 123))

Abstract

The being of any individual throughout life is a dynamic process relying on the capacity to retain processes of self-renewal and differentiation, both of which are hallmarks of stem cells. Although limited in the adult human organism, regeneration and repair do take place in virtue of the presence of adult stem cells. In the bone marrow, two major populations of stem cells govern the dynamic equilibrium of both hemopoiesis and skeletal homeostasis; the hematopoietic and the mesenchymal stem cells. Recent cell based clinical trials utilizing bone marrow-derived stem cells as therapeutic agents have revealed promising results, while others have failed to display as such. It is therefore imperative to strive to understand the mechanisms by which these cells function in vivo, how their properties can be maintained ex-vivo, and to explore further their recently highlighted immunomodulatory and trophic effects.

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Abbreviations

BM-MSCs:

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells

BMSCs:

Bone marrow derived stem cells

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, and Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica dell’Universita’ di Genova, Genova, Italy

    Rania M. El Backly & Ranieri Cancedda

  2. Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    Rania M. El Backly

Authors
  1. Rania M. El Backly
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  2. Ranieri Cancedda
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Correspondence to Ranieri Cancedda .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Technische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, Hannover, 30167, Germany

    Cornelia Kasper

  2. Klinische und Experimentelle, Traumatologie, Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für, Donaueschingenstr. 13, Wien, 1200, Austria

    Martijn van Griensven

  3. Inst.Biotechnologie u. Verfahrenstechnik, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Denickestr. 15, Hamburg, 21073, Germany

    Ralf Pörtner

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Backly, R.M.E., Cancedda, R. (2010). Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Clinical Application: Harnessing Paracrine Roles and Niche Mechanisms. In: Kasper, C., van Griensven, M., Pörtner, R. (eds) Bioreactor Systems for Tissue Engineering II. Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology, vol 123. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2010_78

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