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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology in Regenerative Medicine and Biology

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Bioreactor Systems for Tissue Engineering II

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 123))

Abstract

The potential of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) for regenerative medicine is unquestionable, but practical and ethical considerations have hampered clinical application and research. In an attempt to overcome these issues, the conversion of somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells similar to ESCs, commonly termed nuclear reprogramming, has been a top objective of contemporary biology. More than 40 years ago, King, Briggs, and Gurdon pioneered somatic cell nuclear reprogramming in frogs, and in 1981 Evans successfully isolated mouse ESCs. In 1997 Wilmut and collaborators produced the first cloned mammal using nuclear transfer, and then Thomson obtained human ESCs from in vitro fertilized blastocysts in 1998. Over the last 2 decades we have also seen remarkable findings regarding how ESC behavior is controlled, the importance of which should not be underestimated. This knowledge allowed the laboratory of Shinya Yamanaka to overcome brilliantly conceptual and technical barriers in 2006 and generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from mouse fibroblasts by overexpressing defined combinations of ESC-enriched transcription factors. Here, we discuss some important implications of human iPSCs for biology and medicine and also point to possible future directions.

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Abbreviations

bFGF:

Basic fibroblast growth factor

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

EpiSCs:

Epiblast stem cells

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

GFP:

Green fluorescent protein

GSK3B:

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta

ICM:

Inner cell mass

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LIF:

Leukemia inhibitory factor

Oct4:

Octamer-4

POU5F1:

POU class 5 homeobox 1

SCNT:

Somatic cell nuclear transfer

SKOM:

Sox2, Klf4, Oct4, c-Myc

SKONL:

Sox2, Klf4, Oct4, Nanog, Lin28

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

Tgfb:

Transforming growth factor beta

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Acknowledgments

Work in the authors’ laboratories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Ministry of Science and Technology 973 program, National High Technology Research and Development Program of China, Bureau of Science and Technology of Guangzhou Municipality.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China

    Duanqing Pei, Jianyong Xu, Qiang Zhuang & Miguel A. Esteban

  2. Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Hung-Fat Tse

Authors
  1. Duanqing Pei
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  2. Jianyong Xu
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  3. Qiang Zhuang
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  4. Hung-Fat Tse
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  5. Miguel A. Esteban
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Duanqing Pei or Miguel A. Esteban .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Technische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, Hannover, 30167, Germany

    Cornelia Kasper

  2. Klinische und Experimentelle, Traumatologie, Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für, Donaueschingenstr. 13, Wien, 1200, Austria

    Martijn van Griensven

  3. Inst.Biotechnologie u. Verfahrenstechnik, TU Hamburg-Harburg, Denickestr. 15, Hamburg, 21073, Germany

    Ralf Pörtner

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Pei, D., Xu, J., Zhuang, Q., Tse, HF., Esteban, M.A. (2010). Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology in Regenerative Medicine and Biology. In: Kasper, C., van Griensven, M., Pörtner, R. (eds) Bioreactor Systems for Tissue Engineering II. Advances in Biochemical Engineering / Biotechnology, vol 123. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2010_72

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