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Exogenous Factors May Differentially Influence the Selective Costs of mtDNA Mutations

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Cellular and Molecular Basis of Mitochondrial Inheritance

Part of the book series: Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology ((ADVSANAT,volume 231))

Abstract

In this review, we provide evidence to suggest that the cost of specific mtDNA mutations can be influenced by exogenous factors. We focus on macronutrient-mitochondrial DNA interactions as factors that may differentially influence the consequences of a change as mitochondria must be flexible in its utilization of dietary proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. To understand this fundamental dynamic, we briefly discuss the energy processing pathways in mitochondria. Next, we explore the mitochondrial functions that are initiated during energy deficiency or when cells encounter cellular stress. We consider the anterograde response (nuclear control of mitochondrial function) and the retrograde response (nuclear changes in response to mitochondrial signaling) and how this mito-nuclear crosstalk may be influenced by exogenous factors such as temperature and diet. Finally, we employ Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport system as a case study and discuss the potential role of the dietary macronutrient ratio as a strong selective force that may shape the frequencies of mitotypes in populations and species. We conclude that this underexplored field likely has implications in the fundamental disciplines of evolutionary biology and quantitative genetics and the more biomedical fields of nutrigenomics and pharmacogenomics.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Neil Youngson and Priscilla Gunadi for the comments. The review was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Project 160102575.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Wen C. Aw & J. William O. Ballard

  2. School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

    Michael R. Garvin

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  1. Wen C. Aw
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  2. Michael R. Garvin
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  3. J. William O. Ballard
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Correspondence to J. William O. Ballard .

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  1. Division of Animal Sciences and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Peter Sutovsky

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Aw, W.C., Garvin, M.R., Ballard, J.W.O. (2019). Exogenous Factors May Differentially Influence the Selective Costs of mtDNA Mutations. In: Sutovsky, P. (eds) Cellular and Molecular Basis of Mitochondrial Inheritance. Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology, vol 231. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/102_2018_2

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