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Physiological Function of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction

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Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 252))

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Summary

HPV clearly has a physiologic role in the fetus to divert blood flow from the lungs to the systemic circulation. Once out of the uterus, the human lung continues to display alveolar HPV. The usefulness of alveolar HPV to enhance gas exchange in normal people and patients with small airways dysfunction is based on limited studies but seems real. HPV, however, loses its effectiveness at preserving gas exchange in the presence of more diffuse hypoxia, as occurs in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or pulmonary fibrosis. Diffuse alveolar hypoxia may, however, contribute to the cor pulmonale seen in these diseases and to the pulmonary hypertension of altitude or hypoventilation. Since the strength of alveolar HPV acutely does not correlate with the magnitude of pulmonary hypertension in chronic diffuse hypoxia, hypoxia may induce pulmonary vascular remodeling by a direct effect on the vessel walls as well.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Charles A. Hales

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  1. Charles A. Hales
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California

    Jason X. -J. Yuan M.D., Ph.D.

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© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Hales, C.A. (2004). Physiological Function of Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction. In: Yuan, J.X.J. (eds) Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 252. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7858-7_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7858-7_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-7857-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-7858-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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