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RAS Family GTPases pp 67–93Cite as

RAS and the RAF/MEK/ERK Cascade

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Part of the book series: Proteins and Cell Regulation ((PROR,volume 4))

Abstract

The Raf/MEK/ERK protein kinases constitute a key effector cascade used by Ras to relay signals regulating cell growth, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. These kinases are activated in a sequential manner through direct phosphorylation. Raf is the initiating kinase that interacts with membrane-localized GTP-bound Ras. The signal is then transduced from Raf to MEK and from MEK to ERK, ultimately resulting in the phosphorylation of critical cellular targets by activated ERK. In addition to the core enzymes of the cascade, various scaffolding proteins and signaling modulators have been identified that affect the efficiency and level of signaling through this important kinase cascade. An emerging concept is that these factors contribute to the spatiotemporal control of Ras/ERK signaling, allowing sensitive activation and deactivation of the pathway in response to diverse extracellular cues

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  1. Laboratory of Protein Dynamics and Signaling, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21701

    Deborah K. Morrison & Ira O. Daar

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  1. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, U.S.A

    Channing Der

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Morrison, D.K., Daar, I.O. (2006). RAS and the RAF/MEK/ERK Cascade. In: Der, C. (eds) RAS Family GTPases. Proteins and Cell Regulation, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4708-8_4

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