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[Heavy metal]-Chlorophylls Formed in Vivo During Heavy Metal Stress and Degradation Products Formed During Digestion, Extraction and Storage of Plant Material

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Book cover Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 25))

Abstract

This chapter discusses the occurrence, properties and relevance of chlorophyll (Chl) degradation products that are formed either in vivo in heavy metal-stressed plants or by digestion of algae in marine invertebrates, or that are formed during extraction or processing of dead plant material. The in vivo substitution of the central Mg2+ ion of chlorophyll by heavy metals constitutes an important part of the damage occurring in metalstressed plants. In Chlorophyta, this reaction varies with light intensity. In low irradiance combined with a dark phase, the light-harvesting complex II (LHC II) is the main target, while in high irradiance the LHC II is inaccessible to substitution of Mg2+. Instead, an insertion of heavy metals into the pheophytin (Phe) of the Photosystem II reaction center (PS II RC) has been proposed. In algae with different light harvesting proteins, this light-dependent difference is absent. In brown algae, Chl a in the Chl a/c LHC is always accessible to substitution of Mg2+ by heavy metals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, M665, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany

    Hendrik Küpper & Frithjof C. Küpper

  2. Photosynthesis Research Centre at the Institute of Microbiology and the University of South Bohemia, Opatovický mlýn, CZ-37981, Trebon, Czech Republic

    Hendrik Küpper

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of California, 93106, Santa Barbara, CA, U.S.A.

    Frithjof C. Küpper

  4. Institut für Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, D-52056, Aachen, Germany

    Martin Spiller

  5. Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, F-31400, Toulouse, France

    Martin Spiller

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  1. Hendrik Küpper
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

    Bernhard Grimm

  2. CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia

    Robert J. Porra

  3. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany

    Wolfhart Rüdiger

  4. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany

    Hugo Scheer

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Küpper, H., Küpper, F.C., Spiller, M. (2006). [Heavy metal]-Chlorophylls Formed in Vivo During Heavy Metal Stress and Degradation Products Formed During Digestion, Extraction and Storage of Plant Material. In: Grimm, B., Porra, R.J., Rüdiger, W., Scheer, H. (eds) Chlorophylls and Bacteriochlorophylls. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 25. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4516-6_5

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