Abstract
Runoff from peat land is supposed to be dominated by surface and near surface flows causing large flood peaks. However, Waunafon's degraded valley fen peat moorland includes organic layers up to 0.5m deep that are unsaturated in summer. So while, overland flow may be affected by rainfall onto saturated ponds, runoff in soil pipes, and through channel incised between the tufts of heath, this degraded peat land has a significant storage capacity in summer and commensurate capacity for seasonal flood attenuation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Armstrong, A.C., Thorburn, A.A., Dennis, C.W., and Castle, D.A. (1989) Water management of lowland peat soils, pp 1.71–1.77 in Dodds, V.A. and Grace, P.M. (eds) 11 th International Congress on Agricultural Engineering (Dublin), Rotterdam, Balkema.
BCC (1989) Pwll Du Site Environmental Statement. Aberaman, British Coal Opencast Executive, South Wales Region.
Burt, T. P. (1995). The role of wetlands in the generation of runoff from headwater catchments, pp. 21 – 38. in Hughes, J. M. and A.L. Heathwaite (eds) Hydrology and Hydrochemistry of Wetlands Chichester, J. Wiley:
Cooke and Arkwright (1997) On Instructions from the Coal Authority, Pwll Du Site, Blaenavon, South Wales. Bridgend, Cooke and Arkwright.
Evans, M. G., et al. (1999). Runoff generation and water table fluctuations in blanket peat: evidence from UK data spanning the dry summer of 1995. Journal of Hydrology 221(3–4), pp 141–160.
Gilman, K. and Newson, M.D. (1980). Soil Pipes and Pipeflow: A Hydrological Study in Upland Wales. Norwich, Geobooks.
Grimshaw, P. N. (1992). Sunshine Miners; Opencast Coalmining in Britain 1942 – 1992. Mansfield, British Coal Opencast.
Haigh, M.J. (1992) Degradation of “reclaimed” lands previously disturbed by coal mining in Wales: causes and remedies. Land Degradation and Rehabilitation 3(3), pp 169–180.
Heathwaite, A. L. (1995). Overview of the hydrology of British wetlands, pp 11–20 in Hughes, J. M. and A.L. Heathwaite (eds) Hydrology and Hydrochemistry of Wetlands Chichester, J. Wiley.
Holden J. and Burt T. P. (2003) Runoff production in blanket peat covered catchments Water Resources Research 39 (7): article 1191.
Holden, J. and Burt, T. P. (2003) Hydrological studies on blanket peat: the significance of the acrotelm–catotelm model. Journal of Ecology 91, pp 86–102.
Humphries R.N. (1991) Ecological survey. Proof of Evidence for British Coal at the Public Local Enquiry for the proposed Pwll Du Opencast Coal Site in Gwent, February 1991, Document BCC/300. Cwmbran, County Hall.
Kilmartin, M.P. (2000) Hydrological management of reclaimed opencast coal sites. Land Reconstruction and Management 1, pp 137–158.
Kilmartin, M.P. (1994) Runoff Generation and Soils on Reclaimed Land, Blaenant, South Wales. Oxford, Oxford Brookes University, unpublished PhD thesis.
Leverton, R. E. (1991) British Coal Opencast South Wales Region, Proposed Pwll Du Opencast Site, Public Inquiry, Proof of Evidence. Horton, Leics, Humphries Rowell Associates.
Leverton, R. E. (1991) Soil and soil forming material available for the restoration of Pwll Du Site. British Coal Opencast South Wales Region, Proposed Pwll Du Opencast Site, Public Inquiry, Appendices to the Proof of Evidence. Horton, Leics, Humphries Rowell Associates.
Lloyd, J. W. (1995). Groundwater fed wetlands in the UK, pp 39–62 in Hughes, J. M. and A.L. Heathwaite (eds) Hydrology and Hydrochemistry of Wetlands. Chichester, J. Wiley.
Pierce, R. (1992) Applications made by the British Coal Corporation relating to the Extraction of Coal by Opencast Mining at Pwll Du, near Blaenavon, Gwent. Report to Rt. Hon David Hunt, Secretary of State for Wales. Cwmbran, Gwent County Council.
Plyusnin, I.I. (1964) Reclamative Soil Science (translated by I. Sokolov). Moscow, Foreign Languages Press
Robinson, M. and Newson, M. D. (1986) Comparison of forest and moorland hydrology in an upland area with peat soils. International Peat Journal 1, pp 49–68
Romanov, V.V. (1968) Hydrophysics of Bogs. Jerusalem, Israel Program for Scientific Translations No. 1967.
Soulsby, C. et al. (2003) A tracer-based assessment of hydrological pathways at different spatial scales in a mesoscale Scottish catchment. Hydrological Processes 17(4), pp 759–777.
Stewart, A. J. A. and Lance, A.N. (1983) Moor-draining—a review of impacts on land-use. Journal of Environmental Management 17(1), pp 81–99.
Stunell, J.M. and Younger, P.L. (1995) Hydrogeology of upland peat: hydrological and chemical processes in Redesdale, N. England. British Hydrological Society, National Hydrology Symposium (Edinburgh), 5, pp 5.9 –5.16
Treherne G. (1991) Hydrology and Hydrogeology, Proof of Evidence for British Coal at the Public Local Enquiry for the proposed Pwll Du Opencast Coal Site in Gwent, February 1991, Document BCC/500. Cwmbran, County Hall and Ove Arup&Partners, pp. 1–50.
Treherne G. (1990) Hydrology and Hydrogeology: Environment Statement, Proof of Evidence for British Coal at the Public Local Enquiry for the proposed Pwll Du Opencast Coal Site in Gwent. February 1991, Document BCC/502. Cwmbran, County Hall and Ove Arup&Partners.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this paper
Cite this paper
Haigh, M., Kilmartin, M.P. (2006). Hydrology of Disturbed Peat-Land, Heads of The Valleys, Wales. In: Krecek, J., Haigh, M. (eds) Environmental Role of Wetlands in Headwaters. NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol 63. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4228-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4228-0_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-4226-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-4228-7
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)