Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Landscapes, Genomics and Transgenic Conifers pp 169–188Cite as

Pines as Invasive Aliens: Outlook on Transgenic Pine Plantations in the Southern Hemisphere

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Managing Forest Ecosystems ((MAFE,volume 9))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

8. References

  • ARONEN, T. S., T. O. NIKKANEN, and H. M. HÄGGMAN, 2003 The production of transgenic Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) via the application of transformed pollen in controlled crossings. Trans. Res. 12: 375-378.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BRIDGWATER, F. E., D. L. BRAMLETT, T. D. BYRAM, and W. J. LOWE, 1998 Controlled mass pollination in loblolly pine to increase genetic gains. The For. Chron. 74: 185-189.

    Google Scholar 

  • BURDON, R. D., and M. H. BANNISTER, 1973 Provenances of Pinus radiata: their early performance and silvicultural potential. NZ J. For. 18: 217-232.

    Google Scholar 

  • BROCKERHOFF, E.G., and M. KAY, 1998 Prospects and risks of biological control of wilding Pinus contorta in New Zealand. Proceedings of the 51 st New Zealand Plant Protection Conference, pp. 216-223. New Zealand Plant Protection Society Incorporated.

    Google Scholar 

  • BURGESS, T., B.D. WINGFIELD, and M.J. WINGFIELD, 2001 Comparison of genotypic diversity in native and introduced population of Sphaeropsis sapinea isolated from Pinus radiata. Mycol. Res. 105: 1331-1339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CAMPBELL, M.M., A.M. BRUNNER, H.M. JONES, and S.H. STRAUSS, 2003 Forestry’s fertile crescent: the application of biotechnology to forest trees. Plant Biotech. J. 1: 141-154.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CORNELIUS, J., 1994 Heritabilities and additive genetic coefficients of variation in forest trees. Can. J. For. Res. 24: 372-379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • COVENTRY, P., 2001 Forest certification and genetically engineered trees: Will the two ever be compatible? OFI Occasional Papers No. 53. Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford University.

    Google Scholar 

  • CWYNAR, L.C., and G.M. MACDONALD, 1987 Geographical variation of lodgpole pine in relation to population history. Am. Nat. 129: 463-469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DALE, P.J, 1997 Potential impacts from the release of transgenic plants into the environment. Acta Physiol. Plant. 19: 595-600.

    Google Scholar 

  • DANIELL, H., 2002 Molecular strategies for gene containment in transgenic crops. Nature Biotech. 20: 581-586.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DE WIT, M., P. CROOKES, and B.W. VAN WILGEN, 2001 Conflicts of interest in environmental management: estimating the costs and benefits of a tree invasion. Biol. Inv. 3: 167-178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DI GIOVANNI, F., P.G. KEVAN, and J. ARNOLD, 1996 Lower planetary boundary layer profiles of atmospheric conifer pollen above a seed orchard in northern Ontario, Canada. For. Ecol. Mgmt. 83: 87-97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DIFAZIO, S.P., G.T. SLAVOV, J. BURCZYK, S. LEONARDI, and S.H. STRAUSS, 2004 Gene flow from tree plantations and implications for transgenic risk assessment. In WALTER, C., and M. CARSON (eds.) Plantation Forest Biotechnology for the 21st Century. Research Signpost. ISBN: 81-7736-228-3, 405-422.

    Google Scholar 

  • ELLSTRAND, N.C., 2003 Dangerous Liaisons: When Cultivated Plants Mate with Their Wild Relatives. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ESPINEL, S., A. ARAGONÉS, and E. RITTER, 1995 Performance of different provenances and of the local population of the Monterey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) in northern Spain. Annales des Sciences Forestières 52: 515 -519.

    Google Scholar 

  • GÓMEZ, A., S.C. GONZALEZMARTINEZ, C. COLLADA, J. CLIMENT, and L. GIL, 2003. Complex population genetic structure in the endemic Canary Island pine revealed using chloroplast microsatellite markers. Theor. Appl. Gen. 107: 1123-1131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • GÖRGENS, A.H.M., and B.W .VAN WILGEN, 2004 Invasive alien plants and water resources in South Africa: current understanding, predictive ability and research challenges. SA J. Sci. 100: 27-33.

    Google Scholar 

  • GRACE, L.J., J.A. CHARITY, B. GRESHAM, N. KAY, and C. WALTER, 2005 Insect-resistant transgenic Pinus radiata. Plant Cell Reports. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-004-0912-x

    Google Scholar 

  • HAMRICK, J.L., M.J.W. GODT, and S.L. SHERMANBROYLES, 1992 Factors influencing levels of genetic diversity in woody plant species. New Forests 6: 95-124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • HIGGINS, S.I., and D.M RICHARDSON, 1998 Pine invasions in the southern hemisphere: modelling interactions between organism, environment and disturbance. Plant Ecol. 135: 79-93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • HIGGINS, S.I., and D.M. RICHARDSON, 1999 Predicting plant migration rates in a changing world: The role of long-distance dispersal. Am. Nat. 153: 464-475.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • KAREIVA, P., I.M. PARKER, and M. PASCUAL, 1996 Can we use experiments and models in predicting the invasiveness of genhetically engineered organisms? Ecology 77: 1670-1675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • KAUFMAN, S.R., P.E. SMOUSE, and E.R. ALVAREZBUYLLA, 1998 Pollen-mediated gene flow and differential male reproductive success in a tropical pioneer tree, Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol, Moraceae): a paternity analysis. Heredity 81: 164-173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • KOSKI, V., 1970 A study of pollen dispersal a mechanism of gene flow in conifers. Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae 70: 1-78.

    Google Scholar 

  • LEDIG, F.T., 1998 Genetic variation in Pinus. In: RICHARDSON, D.M, (Editor) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 251-280.

    Google Scholar 

  • LEDGARD, N., 2001 The spread of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta, Dougl.) in New Zealand. For. Ecol. Manage. 141: 43-57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LEDGARD, N.J., and E.R. LANGER, 1999 Wilding prevention. Guidelines for minimising the risk of unwanted wilding spread from new plantings of introduced conifers. New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • LU, B-R., 2003 Transgene containment by molecular means — is it possible and cost effective? Environ. Biosafety Res. 2: 3-8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MACK, R.N., D. SIMBERLOFF, W.M. LONSDALE, H. EVANS, M. CLOUT, et al., 2000 Biotic invasions: Causes, epidemiology, global consequences, and control. Ecol. Appl. 10: 689-710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MORAN, G.F., and J.C. BELL, 1987 The origin and genetic diversity of Pinus radiata in Australia. Theor. Appl. Gen. 73: 616-622.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MORAN, V.C., J.H. HOFFMANN, D. DONNELLY, B.W. VAN WILGEN, and H.G. ZIMMERMANN, 2000 Biological control of alien, invasive pine trees (Pinus species) in South Africa. Proceedings of the X international symposium on biological control of weeds, 941-953.

    Google Scholar 

  • MORJAN, C.L. and L.H. RIESEBERG, 2004 How species evolve collectively: implications of gene flow and selection for the spread of advantageous alleles. Mol. Ecol. 13: 1341-1356.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • OWUSU, R.A, 1999 GM technology in the forest sector. WWF-UK, Surrey, U.K.

    Google Scholar 

  • PETIT, R.J., R. BIALOZYT, P. GARNIERGÉRÉ, and A. HAMPE, 2004 Ecology and genetics of tree invasions: from recent introductions to Quaternary migrations. For. Ecol. Manage. 197: 117-137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • PETIT, R.J., J. DUMINIL, S. FINESCHI, A. HAMPE, and D. SALVINI, et al., 2005 Comparative organization of chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear diversity in plant populations. Mol. Ecol. 14: 689-701.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • PLOMION, C., G. LEPROVOST, D. POT, G.G. VENDRAMIN, and S. GERBER, 2001 Pollen contamination in a maritime pine polycross seed orchard and certification of improved seeds using chloroplast microsatellites. Can. J. For. Res. 31: 1816-1825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • PYŠEK, P., D.M. RICHARDSON, M. REJMÁNEK, G.L. WEBSTER, and M. WILLIAMSON, 2004 Alien plants in checklists and floras: towards better communication between taxonomists and ecologists. Taxon 53: 131-143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • REJMÁNEK, M., and D.M. RICHARDSON, 1996 What attributes make some plant species more invasive? Ecology 77: 1655-1661.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M, 1988 Age structure and regeneration after fire in a self-sown Pinus halepensis forest on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. SA J. Bot. 54: 140-144.

    Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M. (Editor), 1998a Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M, 1998b Forestry trees as invasive aliens. Conserv. Biol. 12: 18-26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M, 1999 Commercial forestry and agroforestry as sources of invasive alien trees and shrubs, pp. 237-257 in Invasive species and biodiversity management, edited by O. SANDERLUND, P. SCHEI, and A. VIKEN. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., and W.J. BOND, 1991 Determinants of plant-distribution - evidence from pine invasions. Am. Nat. 137: 639-668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., and P.J. BROWN, 1986 Invasion of mesic mountain fynbos by Pinus radiata. SA J. Bot. 52: 529-536.

    Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., and R.M. COWLING, 1992 Why is mountain fynbos invasible and which species invade? pp. 161-181 in Fire in South African mountain fynbos edited by B.W. VAN WILGEN, D.M. RICHARDSON, F.J. KRUGER, and H.J. VAN HENSBERGEN. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., R.M. COWLING, and D.C. LE MAITRE, 1990 Assessing the risk of invasive success in Pinus and Banksia in South African mountain fynbos. J. Veg. Sci. 1: 629-642.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., and W.J. BOND, 1991 Determinants of plant-distribution - evidence from pine invasions. Am. Nat. 137: 639-668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., P. PYŠEK, M. REJMÁNEK, M.G. BARBOUR, and F.D. PANETTA et al., 2000 Naturalization and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions. Divers. Distrib. 6: 93-107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., P.A. WILLIAMS, and R.J. HOBBS, 1994 Pine invasions in the Southern Hemisphere: determinants of spread and invadability. J. Biogeog. 21: 511-527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RICHARDSON, D.M., and M. REJMÁNEK, 2004 Conifers as invasive aliens: a global survey and predictive framework. Divers. Distrib. 10: 321-331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • RIESEBERG, L.H., and J. M. BURKE, 2001 The biological reality of species: gene flow, selection, and collective evolution. Taxon 50: 47-67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ROUGET, M., D.M. RICHARDSON, S.J. MILTON, and D. POLAKOW, 2001 Predicting invasion dynamics of four alien Pinus species in a highly fragmented semi-arid shrubland in South Africa. Plant Ecol. 152: 79-92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ROUGET, M., D.M. RICHARDSON, J.L. NEL, and B.W. VAN WILGEN, 2002 Commercially important trees as invasive aliens - towards spatially explicit risk assessment at a national scale. Biol. Inv. 4: 397-412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ROUGET, M., and D.M. RICHARDSON, 2003 Inferring process from pattern in plant invasions: A semimechanistic model incorporating propagule pressure and environmental factors. Am. Nat. 162: 713-724.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SIEMANN, E., and W.E. ROGERS, 2001 Genetic differences in growth of an invasive tree species. Ecol. Letters 4: 514-518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SIMBERLOFF, D., M.A. RELVA, and M. NUNEZ, 2002 Gringos en el bosque: introduced tree invasion in a native Nothofagus/Austrocedrus forest. Biol. Inv. 4: 35-53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SIMONS, A.M., 2003 Invasive aliens and sampling bias. Ecol. Letters 6: 278-280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SLATKIN, M., 1976 The rate of spread of an advantageous allele in a subdivided population, pp. 767-780 in Population Genetics and Ecology, edited by S. KARLIN, and E. NEVO. Academic Press Inc., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLATKIN, M., 1987 Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 236: 787-792.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • SOHNGEN, B., R. MENDELSOHN, R. SEDJO, R., and K. LYON, 1997 An analysis of global timber markets. Discussion Paper 97-37. Resources for the Future, Washington, D.C. http://www.rff.org/Documents/RFF-DP-97-37.pdf.

  • STRAUSS, S.H. and S.P. DIFAZIO, 2004 Hybrids abounding. Nature B iotech. 22: 29-30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STRAUSS, S.H., W.H. ROTTMANN, A.M. BRUNNER, and L.A SHEPPARD, 1995 Genetic engineering of reproductive sterility in forest trees. Mol. Eng. 1: 5-26.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STRAUSS, S.H., A.M. BRUNNER, V.B. BUSOV, C. MA, and R. MEILAN, 2004 Ten lessons from 15 years of transgenic Populus research. Forestry 77: 455-465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • STRAUSS, S.H., P. COVENTRY, M.M. CAMPBELL, S.N. PRYOR, and J. BURLEY, 2001 Certification of genetically modified forest plantation. Int. For. Rev. 3: 85-102.

    Google Scholar 

  • TRAKHTENBROT, A., R. NATHAN, G. PERRY, and D.M. RICHARDSON, 2005 The importance of long-distance dispersal in biodiversity conservation. Divers.Distrib. 11: 173-181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • VAN FRANKENHUYZEN, K. and T. BEARDMORE, 2004 Current status and environmental impact of transgenic forest trees. Can. J. For. Res. 34: 1163-1180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • VAN WILGEN, B.W., D.C. LE MAITRE, and R.M. COWLING, 1998 Ecosystem services, efficiency, sustainability and equity: South Africa’s Working for Water programme. TREE 13: 378.

    Google Scholar 

  • WAGNER, D.B., J. DONG, M.R. CARLSON, and A.D. YANCHUK, 1991 Paternal leakage of mitochondrial DNA in Pinus. Theor. Appl. Gen. 82: 510-514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WAGNER, D.B., D.R. GOVINDARAJU, C.W. YEATMAN, and J.A. PITEL, 1989 Paternal chloroplast DNA inheritance in a diallel cross of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb. Heredity 80: 483-485.

    Google Scholar 

  • WALTER, C., 2001 Genetic engineering in conifer forestry: Technical and social considerations. In Vitro Cellular & Develop. Biol. 40: 434-441.

    Google Scholar 

  • WALTER, C., 2004 Genetic engineering in conifer forestry: technical and social considerations. In Vitro Celluar & Develop. Biol. 40: 434-441.

    Google Scholar 

  • WALTER, R., and B.K. EPPERSON, 2001 Geographic pattern of genetic variation in Pinus resinosa: area of greatest diversity is not the origin of postglacial populations. Mol. Ecol. 10: 103-111.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WALTER, C., L.J. GRACE, A. WAGNER, D.W.R. WHITE, and A.R. WALDEN, et al., 1998 Stable transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants of Pinus radiata D. Don. Plant Cell Reports 17: 460-468.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WARES, J.P., A.R. HUGHES, and R.K. GROSBERG, 2005 Species introductions and invasions: insights into the mechanisms that drive evolutionary change. Submitted.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHEELER, N.C., and A.R. GURIES, 1982 Biogeography of lodgepole pine. Can. J. Bot. 60: 1805-1814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, C.G., and B. H. DAVIS, 2005. Rate of transgene spread via long-distance seed dispersal in Pinus taeda. For. Ecol. Mgmt. 217: 95-102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, C., S. L. LADEAU, R. A. OREN, and G. G. KATUL, 2006. Modeling seed dispersal distances: implications for transgenic Pinus taeda. Ecological Applications. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, C.G., C.G. ELSIK, and R.D. BARNES, 2000 Microsatellite analysis of Pinus taeda in Zimbabwe. Heredity 84: 261-268.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMSON, M., 1993 Invaders, weeds and the risk from genetically manipulated organisms. Experientia 49: 219-224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ZHENG, Y.Q., and R.A. ENNOS, 1999 Genetic variability and structure of natural and domesticated populations of Caribbean pine (Pinus caribaea Morelet) Theor. Appl. Gen. 98: 765-771.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ZIMMERMANN, H., V. MORAN, and J. HOFFMANN, 2004 Biological control in the management of invasive alien plants in South Africa, and the role of the Working for Water programme. SA J. Sci. 100: 34-40.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa

    David M. Richardson

  2. INRA, UMR Biodiversité, Gènes and Ecosystèmes, Equipe de Génétique, Cestas, Cedex, France

    Remy J. Petit

Authors
  1. David M. Richardson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Remy J. Petit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University, Durham, NC, USA

    Claire.G Williams

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Richardson, D., Petit, R. (2006). Pines as Invasive Aliens: Outlook on Transgenic Pine Plantations in the Southern Hemisphere. In: Williams, C. (eds) Landscapes, Genomics and Transgenic Conifers. Managing Forest Ecosystems, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3869-0_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation