Abstract
Development and validation of detailed 3-D finite element model of human skull used for explicit dynamic simulation of impact conditions is presented in the paper. The FE model is based on the series of computer tomography scans of resolution 512×512 pixels taken in 1mm slices. Fully automated direct generation of the volumetric tetrahedral mesh based on the Marching Cubes Algorithm, Laplacian smoothing and Delaunay tetrahedralisation is used to develop the geometry of both the human skull and the brain.
Results obtained using this detailed FE model are compared to experimental results from a standard drop test as well as a simplified version of the skull model based on geometry of a head form used in our experiments. These experiments use a standard metal head form of variable size. Results from both the experimental and numerical modelling will be used to describe possible injury mechanisms and quantify design parameters of protective helmet related to a specific impact event.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cowin, S.C. and Turner, C.H., On the relationship between the orthotropic Young's moduli and fabric, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 5, June 1992, 1493–1494.
Rice, J.C., Cowin, S.C., and Bowman, J.A., On the dependence of the elasticity and strength of cancellous bone on apparent density, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 21, March 1988, 155–168.
Hardy, C.H. and Marcal, P.V., Elastic analysis of a skull, ASME Transcations, 1983, 838–842.
Shugar, T.A. and Katona, M.G., Development of finite element head injury model, J. ASCE, vol. 101, 1975, 223–239.
Wahi, K.K. and Merchang, H.C., Mechanical response of a head injury model with viscoelastic brain tissue, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 5, 1977, 303–321.
Khalil, T.B. and Hubbard, R.P., Parametric study of head response by finite element modeling, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 10, no. 2, 1977, 119–132.
Johnson, E.A.C. and Young, P.G., On the use of a patient-specific rapid-prototyped model to simulate the response of the human head to impact and comparison with analytical and finite element models, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 38, January 2005, 39–45.
Jirousek, O., Jirova J. and Jira J., Multiresolutional finite element models of human skull based on data from computer tomography, Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, vol. 5, September 2003, 214–217.
Kleiven, S. and von Holst, H., Consequences of head size following trauma to the human head, Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 35, February 2002, 153–160.
Ruan, J.S., Khalil, T. and King, A.I., Human head dynamic response to side impact by finite element modeling, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, vol. 3, no. 113, 1991, 276–283.
Willinger, R., Kang, H.-S. and Diaw, B., Three-dimensional human head finite-element model validation against two experimental impacts, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 27, no. 3, 1999, 403–410.
Zong, Z., Lee, H.P. and Lu, C., A three-dimensional human head finite element model and power flow in a human head subject to impact loading, Journal of Biomechanics, to appear, 2005.
Lorensen, W.E. and H.E. Cline, H.E., Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm, Computer Graphics, vol. 21, July 1987, 155–168.
Schroeder, W.J. and Zarge, J.A., Decimation of triangle meshes, Computer Graphics, vol. 26, August 1992, 65–70.
Fang, T.P. and Piegl, L.A., Delaunay triangulation in three dimensions, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 15, September 1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jiroušek, O., Jíra, J., Jírová, J., Micka, M. (2005). Finite Element Model of Human Skull Used for Head Injury Criteria Assessment. In: Gilchrist, M.D. (eds) IUTAM Symposium on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Solid Mechanics and Its Applications, vol 124. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3796-1_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3796-1_47
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-3795-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-3796-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)