Skip to main content

Induction of hairy roots for symbiotic gene expression studies

  • Chapter

Abstract

The model legume Lotus japonicus can be transformed and regenerated efficiently with Agrobacterium tumefaciens or A. rhizogenes. However, it takes between 8 to 12 months to obtain seeds of transgenic plants. We therefore developed a rapid and efficient transformation protocol using A. rhizogenes to induce transgenic hairy roots that can be inoculated with Mesorhizobium loti 2 weeks after transformation. The first nodules emerge 8 to 10 days after inoculation, as on the roots of wild type Lotus plants and expression of plant genes involved in any step of nodulation can be completed within two months after the start of a transformation-nodulation experiment. A large number of seedlings can be tranformed in one experiment, allowing addressing of a number of variables in one single tranformationnodulation experiment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aoki T, Kamizawa A, and Ayabe S. (2002) Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Lotus japonicus with reliable antibiotic selection. Plant Cell Reports 21, 238–243.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Den Dulk-Ras A, and Hooykaas PJJ. (1995) Electrophoration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In: Plant Cell Electrophoration and Electrofusion Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology (Nickoloff JA Ed.) Humana Press Inc, Totowa, N J, pp. 55, 63–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Díaz CL, Melchers LS, Hooykaas PJJ, Lugtenberg BJJ, and Kijne JW. (1989) Root lectin as a determinant of host-plant specificity in the Rihizobium-legume symbiosis. Nature 338, 579–581.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ditta G, Stanfield S, Corbin D, and Helinski DR. (1980) Broad host range cloning system for gram negative bacteria: construction of a gene bank of Rhizobium meliloti. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 77, 7347–7351.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Q, and Gresshoff PM. (1997) Classical and molecular genetics of the model legume Lotus japonicus. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 10, 559–568.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hajdukiewicz P, Svab Z, and Maliga P. (1994) The small, versatile pPZP family of Agrobacterium binary vectors for plant transformation. Plant Molecular Biology 25, 989–994.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Handberg K, and Stougaard J. (1992). Lotus japonicus, an autogamous, diploid legume species for classical and molecular genetics. The Plant Journal 2, 487–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Handbeg K, Stiller J Thykjaer T, and Stougaard J. (1994) Transgenic plants: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of diploid legume Lotus japonicus. In: Cell Biology: a laboratory handbook. (Celis JE, Ed.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 119–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lombari P, Ercolano E, El Alaoui H. and Chiurazzi M. (2003) A new transformationregeneration procedure in the model legume Lotus japonicus: root explants as a source of large numbers of cells susceptible to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plant Cell Reports 21, 771–778.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martirani L, Stiller J, Mirabella R, Alfano F, Lamberti A, Radutoiu SE, Iaccarino M, Gresshoff P, and Chiurazzi M. (1999) T-DNA Tagging of Nodulation-and Root-Related genes in Lotus japonicus: Expression Patterns and Potencial for Promoter trapping and Insertional Mutagenesis. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 12, 275–284.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Offringa IA, Melchers LS, Regensburg-Tuink AJG, Constantino P, Schilperoort RA, and Hooykaas PJJ. (1986) Complementation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens tumor inducing aux mutants by genes from the T R -region of the Ri plasmid of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 83, 6935–6939.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oger P, Peit A, and Dessaux, Y. (1996) A simple technique for direct transformation and regeneration of the diploid legume species Lotus japonicus. Plant Science 116, 159–168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quaedvlieg NEM, Schlaman HRM, Admiraal PC, Wijting S, Stougaard J, and Spaink HP. (1998) Fusions between the green fluorescent protein and β-glucoronidase as sensitive and vital bifunctional reporters in plants. Plant Molecular Biology 37, 715–727.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, C, Rajagopal, S, Smith, LM, Nguyen, TA, Yang, W, Nugrohu, S, Ravi, KS, Vijayachandra, K, Harcourt, RL, Dransfield, L, Desamero, N, Slamet, I, Hadjukiewicz, P, Svab, Z, Maliga, P, Mayer, JE, Keese, PK, Kilian, A, and Jefferson, RA. (1997) A comprehensive set of modular vectors for advanced manipulations and efficient transformation of plants. Rockefeller Foundation Meeting of the International Program on Rice Biotechnology, September 15–19, Malacca, Malaysia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarpella E, Rueb S, Boot KJM, Hoge H and Meijer A. (2000) A role for the rice homebox gene Oshox1 in provascular cell fate commitment. Development 127, 3655–3669.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schenk RU, and Hildebrandt AC. (1971) Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dycotiledonous plant cell cultures. Canadian Journal of Botany 50, 199–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiller J, Martinari L, Tuppale S, Chian R-J, Chiurazzi M, and Gresshoff PM. (1997) High frequency transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants in the model legume Lotus japonicus. Journal of Experimental Botany 48, 1357–1365.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Brussel AAN, Tak T, Wetselaar A, Pees E, and Wijffelman CA. (1982) Small leguminosae as test plants for nodulaiton of Rhizobium leguminosarum and other Rhizobia and Agrobacterium harbouring a leguminosarum plasmid. Plant Science Letters 27, 317–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vancanneyt G, Schmidt R, O’Connor-Sanchez A, Willmitzer L, and Rocha Sosa M. (1990) Construction of an intron-containing marker gene: splicing of the intron in transgenic plants and its use in monitoring early events in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation. Molecular and General Genetics 220, 245–250.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Slogteren GMS, Hoge JHC, Hooykaas PJJ, and Schilperoort RA. (1987) Clonal analysis of hetrogeneous crown gall tumor tissues induced by wild-type and shooter mutant strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-expression of T-DNA genes. Plant Molecular Biology 2, 321–333.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Herman P Spaink .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Díaz, C.L., Grønlund, M., Schlaman, H.R.M., Spaink, H.P. (2005). Induction of hairy roots for symbiotic gene expression studies. In: Márquez, A.J. (eds) Lotus japonicus Handbook. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3735-X_26

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics