Skip to main content

Biologic Anti-Neoplastic Therapies

  • Chapter
Molecular Markers of Brain Tumor Cells
  • 486 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. American Cancer Society: Cancer Facts and Figures. New York; American Psychiatric Association, 1980: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, Washington DC, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Silverberg BS, Lubera JA: Cancer statistics. Cancer 38: 5–22, 1988.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Ries LA, Hankey BF, Edwards BK (eds.): Cancer Statistics Review 1973–1987. DHHS Publ. No. (NIH)90-2789, Bethesda, Md: NCI, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Levin VA: Chemotherapy for brain tumors of astrocytes and oligodendroglial lineage: the past decade and where we are heading. Neuro-oncol 1: 69–80, 1999.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gurney JG, and Kadan-Lottick N: Brain and other central nervous system tumors: rates, trends, and epidemiology. Curr Opin Oncol 13: 160–166, 2001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lokker NA, Sullivan CM, Hollenbach SJ, Israel MA, Giese NA: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) autocrine signaling regulates survival and mitogenic pathways in glioblastoma cells: evidence that the novel PDGF-C and PDGF-D ligands may play a role in the development of brain tumors. Cancer Res 62: 3729–3735, 2002.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Chochinov H.M., Bereavement: a review for oncology health professionals. Cancer Invest 7: 593–600, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Jako GJ: Presidential keynote address: The road toward 21st century surgery: new strategies and initiatives in cancer treatment. Lasers Surg Med 7: 217–218, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Onik G, Rubinsky B, Zemel R, Diamond D: Cryosurgical management of hepatic malignancy. Contemp Oncol 1: 20–24, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Pastan I, Fitzgerald D: Recombinant toxins for cancer treatment. Science 254: 1173–1177, 1991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Coley WB: Contributions to the knowledge of sarcoma. Ann Surg 14: 199–220, 1891.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Coley WB: The treatment of malignant tumors by repeated inoculations of erysipelas: With a report of ten original cases. Amer. J. Med. Sci 105: 487–511, 1893.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sinkovics JG: Clinical immunotherapy for tumors. Postgraduate Med 59: 110–116, 1976.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Siegall CB, Chaudhary VK, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I: Cytotoxic activity of an interleukin 6-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion protein on human myeloma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85: 9738–9742, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ogata M, Chaudhary VK, FitzGerald DJ, Pastan I: Cytotoxic activity of a recombinant fusion protein between interleukin 4 and Pseudomonas exotoxin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 4215–4219, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Rozengurt E: Early signals in the mitogenic response. Science 234: 161–166, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kelly K, Kane MA, Bunn PA: Growth factors in lung cancer: possible etiologic role and clinical target. Med Pediat Oncol 19: 449–458, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Todaro GJ, Sporn MB: Autocrine secretion and malignant transformation of cells. New Engl J Med 303: 878–880, 1980.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Riedel H, Schlessinger J, Ullrich A: Chimeric, ligand-binding v-erbB/EGF receptor retains transforming potential. Science 236: 197–200, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Hunts J, Gamou S, Hirai M, Shimizu N: Molecular mechanisms involved in increasing epidermal growth factor receptor levels on the cell surface. Jpn J Cancer Res 77: 423–427, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Imanishi K, Yamaguchi K, Suzuki M, Honda S, Yanaihara N, Abe K: Production of transforming growth factor-α in human tumor cell lines. Brit J Cancer 59: 761–765, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Brinkmann U, Pai LH, FitzGerald DJ, Willingham M, Pastan I: B3(Fv)-PE38KDEL, a single-chain immunotoxin that causes complete regression of a human carcinoma in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 8616–8620, 1991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Lloyd KO, Old LJ: Human monoclonal antibodies to glycolipids and other carbohydrate antigens: dissection of the humoral immune response in cancer patients. Cancer Res 49: 3445–3451, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Golumbek PT, Lazenby AJ, Levitsky HI, Jaffee LM, Karasuyama H, Baker M, Pardoll DM: Treatment of established renal cancer by tumor cells engineered to secrete interleukin-4. Science 254: 713–716, 1991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Mitchell MS: Combinations of anticancer drugs and immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 52: 686–692, 2003.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Taguchi T: Effects of lentinan in advanced or recurrent cases of gastric, colorectal, and breast cancer. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 10: 387–393, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Wakui A, Kasai M, Konno K, Abe R, Kanamaru R, Takahashi K, Nakai Y, Yoshida Y, Koie H, Masuda H: Randomized study of lentinan on patients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancer. Tohoku Lentinan Study Group, Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 13: 1050–1059, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Carswell EA, Old LJ, Kassel RL, Green S, Fiore N, Williamson B: An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Cancer Inst USA 72: 3666–3670, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Old LJ, Benacerraf B, Clarke DA, Carswell EA, Stockert E: The role of the Reticulo-endothelial system in the host reaction to neoplasia. Cancer Res 21: 1281–1300, 1961.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Vitale B, Allegreth N: Influence of BCG infection on the intensity of homograft reaction in rats. Nature (London) 199: 507–508, 1963.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Mitchell MS, Murahata RI: Modulation of immunity by bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Pharmacol Ther 4: 329, 1979.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Piessens WF, Heimann R, Legros N, Heuson J-C: Effect of bacillus Calmette-Guerin on mammary tumor formation and cellular immunity in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-treated rats. Cancer Res 31: 1061–1065, 1971.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Mathe G, Amiel JL, Schwarzenberg L, Schneider M, Cattan A, Schlumberger JR, Hayat M, de Vassal F: Active immunotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Lancet 1: 697–699, 1969.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Morton DL, Eiber FR, Malmgren RA: Immunological factors which influence response to immunotherapy in malignant melanoma. Surgery 68: 158–164, 1970.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Morales A, Eidinger D, Bruce AW: Intracavitary bacillus Calmette-Guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors. J Urology 116: 180–183, 1976.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Brosman SA: Experience with bacillus Calmette-Guerin in patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. J Urol 128: 27–30, 1982.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Herr HW, Pinsky CM, Sogani PG, Whitmore WF, Oettgen HF, Melamed HR: Experience with intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy of superficial bladder tumors. Urology 25: 119–123, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Mori K, Lamm DL, Crawford ED: A trial of bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus Adriamycin in superficial bladder cancer. Urol Int 41: 254–259, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Stober V, Peter H: BCG immunotherapy for prevention or relapse in patients with bladder cancer. Ther Woche 30: 60–64, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Biozzo G, Benacerraf B, Grumback F, Halpern B, Levaditi J, Rist N: Etude, de activite: granulopexique systeme reticuloendiothelial au cours de ľinfection tuberculease experimentale de la souris. Ann Inst Pasteur 87: 291–300, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Freund J: The mode of action of immunologic adjuvants. Adv Tuberc Res 7: 130–148, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Thorbecke GJ, Benacerraf B: The reticuloendothelial system and immunological phenomena. Prog Allergy 6: 559–598, 1962.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Fey F, Arnold W, Fraffi A: Demonstration of the stimulation of the reticulo-histiocytic system (RHS) of mice by treatment with BCG by means of biometric and histochemical techniques. Eur J Cancer 12: 595–598, 1976.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kavoussi LR, Brown EJ, Ritchey JK, Ratliff TL: Fibronectin-mediated Calmette-Guerin bacillus attachment to murine bladder mucosa. J Clin Invest 85: 62–67, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Bast RC Jr, Bast BS, Rapp HJ: Critical review of previously reported animal studies of tumor immunotherapy with nonspecific immunostimulants. Ann NY Acad Sci 277: 60–93, 1976.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Jahrsdorfer B, Weiner GJ: Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and antibody therapy of cancer. Semin Oncol 30: 476–482, 2003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Terry WD, Rosenberg SA (eds.): Immunotherapy of Human Cancer. Elsevier-North Holland, New York, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Talmadge JE: Thymosin: immunomodulatory and therapeutic characteristics. Prog Clin Biol Res 161: 457–465, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Garaci E, Mastino A, Favalli C: Enhanced immune response and antitumor immunity with combinations of biological response modifiers. Bull NY Acad Med 65: 111–119, 1989.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Rebar RW, Miyake A, Low TL, Goldstein AL: Thymosin stimulates secretion of lutenizing hormone-releasing factor. Science 214: 669–671, 1981.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Healy DL, Hodgen GD, Schulte HM, Chrousos GP, Loriaux DL: The thymus-adrenal connection: thymosin has corticotropin-releasing activity in primates. Science 222: 1353–1355, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Bistoni F, Baccarrini M, Puccetti P, Marconi P, Garaci E: Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in mice by treatment with a thymic factor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 17: 51–55, 1984.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Flexman JP, Holt PG, Mayrohfer G, Latham BI, Shellam GR; The role of thymus in the maintenance of natural killer cells in vivo. Cell Immunol 90: 366–377, 1985.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Serrate SA, Schulof RS, Leondaridis L, Goldstein AL, Sztein MB: Modulation of human natural killer cell cytotoxic activity, lymphokine production, and IL-2 receptor expression by thymic hormones. J Immunol 139: 2338–2343, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Fiorilli M, Sirianni MC, Sorrentino V, Testi R, Aiuti F: In vitro enhancement of bone marrow natural killer cells after incubation with thymopoetin 32–36 (TP-5). Thymus 5: 375–382, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Dokhelar MC, Tursz T, Dardenne M, Bach J-F: Effect of synthetic thymic factor (factuer thymique serique) on natural killer cell activity in humans. Int J Immunopharmacol 5: 277–282, 1983.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Kenady DE, Chretien PB, Potvin C, Simon RM: Thymosin reconstitution of T cell deficits in vitro in cancer patients. Cancer 39: 575–580, 1977.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Dillman RO, Beauregard J, Royston I, Zavanelli MI: Phase II trial of thymosin fraction 5 and thymosin 1. J Biol Response Mod 6: 263–267, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Gravenstein S, Duthie EH, Miller BA, Roecker E, Drinka P, Prathipati K, Ershler WB: Augmentation of influenza antibody responses in efderly men by the thymosin α one: A double blind placebo controlled clinical study. J Amer Geriat Soc 37: 1–8, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Shen S: Age dependent enhancement of influenza vaccine response by thymosin in chronic hemodialysis patients. In: A.L. Goldstein, editor, Biomedical Advances in Aging. New York, Plenum Press pp. 523–530, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Mihara M, Ohsugi Y: The biological response modifier OK-432 (a Streptococcal preparation) inhibits the development of autoimmune kidney disease in NZB/W F1 hybrid mice: possible involvement of tumor necrosis factor. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 90: 37–42, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Sinkovics JG, Shirato E, Shullenberger CC; Bordetella pertussis vaccine as immunological adjuvant in leukaemia and lymphoma (letter). Brit Med J 1: 565, 1970.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Dinney CPN, Bucana CD, Utsugi T, Fidler IJ, von Eschenbach AC, Killion JJ: Therapy of spontaneous lung metastasis of murine renal adenocarcinoma by systemic administration of liposomes containing the macrophage activator CGP 31362. Cancer Res 51: 3741–3747, 1991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Sone S, Moriguchi S, Shimizu E, Ogushi F, Tsubura E: In vitro generation of tumoricidal properties in human alveolar macrophages following interaction with endotosis. Cancer Res 42: 2227–2231, 1982.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Fidler IJ: Targeting of immunomodulators to mononuclear phagocytes for therapy of cancer. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev 1: 69–106, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Pace JL, Russell SW, Torres BA, Johnson HM, Gray PW: Recombinant mouse gamma-interferon induces the priming step in macrophage activation for tumor cell killing. J Immunol 130: 2011–2013, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Csatary LK: Viruses in the treatment of cancer. Lancet 2: 825, 1971.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Cassel WA, Murray DR, Phillips HS: A phase II study on the postsurgical management of stage II malignant melanoma with a Newcastle disease virus oncolysate. Cancer 52: 856–860, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Sinkovics JG: Clinical immunotherapy for tumors. Postgraduate Med 59: 110–116, 1976.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Csatary L, Gergely P: Rosszindulatu daganatok kezelese virus-vakcinaval. Orvosi Hetilap 131: 2585–2588, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Koprowski H: Acquired tolerance applied to experimental tumors. Ann NY Acad Sci 69: 806–817, 1957.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Lindenmann J, Klein PA: Viral oncolysis: increased immunogenicity of host cell antigen associated with influenza virus. J Exp Med 126: 93–108, 1967.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Vecil GG, Lang FF: Clinical trials of adenoviruses in brain tumors: a review of Ad-p53 and oncolytic adenoviruses. J Neurooncol 65: 237–246, 2003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Shimizu Y, Fujiwara H, Ueda S, Wakamiya N, Kato S, Hamaoka T: The augmentation of tumor-specific immunity by virus help. II. Enhanced induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and antibody responses to tumor antigens by vaccinia virus-reactive helper T cells. Eur J Immunol 14: 839–843, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Fujiwara H, Aoki H, Yoshioka T, Tomita S, Ikegami R, Hamaoka T: Establishment of a tumor-specific immunotherapy model utilizing TNP-reactive helper cell activity and its application to the autochthonous tumor system. J Immunol 133: 509–514, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Csatary LK: Viruses in the treatment of cancer. Lancet 2: 825, 1971.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Csatary LK, Eckhardt S, Bukosza I, Czegledi F, Fenyvesi C, Gergely P, Bodey B, Csatary CM: Attenuated veterinary virus vaccine for the treatment of cancer. Cancer Detect Prev 17: 619–627, 1993.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Csatary KL, Gosztonyi G, Szeberenyi J, Fabian Z, Liszka V, Bodey B, Csatary CM: MTH-68/H Oncolytic Viral Treatment in Human High-Grade Gliomas. J Neuro-Oncology 67: 83–93, 2004.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Chomienne C, Ballerini P, Balitrand N, Daniel MT, Fenaux P, Castaigne S, Degos L: All-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemias. II. In vitro studies: structure—function relationship. Blood 76: 1710–1717, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Marquez VE, Lim MI, Treanor SP, Plowman J, Priest MA, Markovac A, Khan MS, Kaskar B, Driscoll JS: Cyclopentenyl-cytosine. A carbocyclic nucleoside with antitumor and anti-viral properties. J Med Chem 31: 1687–1694, 1988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Ford H Jr, Cooney DA, Ahluwalia GS, Hao Zh, Rommel ME, Hicks L, Dobyns KA, Tomaszewski JE, Johns DG: Cellular pharmacology of cyclopentenyl cytosine in MOLT-4 lymphoblasts. Cancer Res 51: 3733–3740, 1991.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Isaacs A, Lindenmann J: Virus interference: 1. The interferon. Proc Royal Soc Med 147: 258–267, 1957.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Samuel CE: Mechanisms of the antiviral action of interferon. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol 35: 27–72, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Hoskins M: A protective action of neurotropic against viscerotropic yellow fever virus in macacus rhesus. Amer J Trop Med 15: 675–680, 1935.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Chebath J, Benech P, Hovanessian A, Galabru J, Revel M: Four different forms of interferon induced 2′5′ oligo(A)synthetase identified by immunoblotting in human cells. J Biol Chem 262: 3852–3857, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Senn CC: Biochemical pathways in interferon action. Pharmacol Ther 24: 235–257, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Samuel C: Molecular mechanisms of interferon action. In: Clinical applications of interferons and their inducers., Second Edition; D. Stringfellow (editor), Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 1–18, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Byrne GI, Lehmann LK, Kirschbaum JG, Borden EC, Lee CM, Brown RR: Induction of tryptophan degradation in vitro and in vivo: a gamma interferon stimulated activity. J Interfer Res 6: 389–396, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Sinkovics JG: Oncogenes and growth factors. CRC Critical Reviews in Immunology 8: 217–298, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Gresser I: The anti-tumor effects of interferon. Med Oncol Tumor Pharmacother 3: 223–230, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Friedman RM: Anti-tumor effects of interferons. J Exp Pathol 3: 203–227, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Doukas J, Shepro D, Hechtman HB: Vasoactive amines directly modify endothelial cells to affect polymorphonuclear leukocyte diapedesis in vitro. Blood 69: 1563–1569, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Glasgow LA: Leukocytes and interferon in host response to virus infections. II. Enhanced interferon response of leukocytes from immune animals. J Bacteriol 91: 2185–2191, 1966.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Wheelock EF, Larke RPB: Efficacy of interferon in the treatment of mice with established Friend virus leukemia. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 127: 230–238, 1968.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Hilleman MR: Double stranded RNAs (poly I:C) in the prevention of viral infections. Arch Intern Med 126: 109–124, 1970.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Hirsh MS, Black PH, Wood ML, Monaco AP: Immunosuppression, interferon inducers and leukemia in mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 134: 309–313, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Levy H: Interferon and interferon inducers in the treatment of malignancies. Arch Intern Med 126: 78–83, 1970.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Rhim J, Huebner R: Comparison of the antitumor effects of interferon and interferon inducers. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 136: 524–529, 1971.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. deVilliers EM: Papilloma viruses in cancers and papillomas of the aerodigestive tract. Biomed Pharmacother 43: 31–36, 1989.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Linnavuori K, Hovi T: Herpes simplex virus as an inducer of interferon in human monocyte cultures. Antiviral Res 8: 201–208, 1987.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Goldstein D, Laszlo J: The role of interferon in cancer therapy: a current perspective. CA 38: 258–277, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Sikora K: Interferon and malignant disease. Brit J Clin Pract 40: 406–410, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Rashidbaigi A, Langer JA, Jung V, Jones C, Morse HG, Tischfield JA, Trill JJ, Kung HF, Pestka S: The gene for the human immuneinterferon receptor is located on chromosome 6. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 384–388, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Spiegel RJ: The alpha interferons: Clinical overview. Semin Oncol 14(2 suppl.): 1–12, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Revel M: The interferon system in man: nature of the interferon molecules and mode of action. In: Antiviral drugs and interferon. Y. Becker (editor), Martinus Nijhoff, New York pp. 358–433, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Lindahl P, Leary P, Gresser I: Enhancement by interferon of the specific cytotoxicity of sensitized lymphocytes. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 71: 714–724, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Herberman RB, Ortaldo JR, Bonnard GD: Augmentation by interferon of human natural and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Nature 277: 221–223, 1979.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Rubin BY, Gupta SL: Differential efficiencies of human type I and type II interferons as anti-viral and anti-proliferative agents. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 77: 5928–5932, 1980.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Catalona WJ, Ratcliff TL, McCool RE: Gamma interferon induced by S. aureus protein A augments natural killing and ADCC. Nature 291: 77–79, 1981.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Borden EC, Holland JF, Dao TL, Gutterman JU, Wiener L, Chang Y-C, Patel J: Leukocyte-derived interferon (α) in human breast carcinoma. Annals Intern Med 97: 1–6, 1982.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Weigent DA, Langford MP, Fleishman WR, Stanton GJ: Potentiation of lymphocyte natural killing by mixtures of alpha-or beta-interferon with recombinant gamma interferon. Infect Immunol 40: 35–41, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Czarniecki CW, Fennie CW, Powers GB, Estelle DA: Synergistic anti-viral and anti-proliferative activities of E. coli-derived human alpha, beta and gamma interferons. J Virol 49: 490–496, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Inghirami G, Djeu JY, Balow JE, Tsokos GC: Enhancement of human allogeneic cytotoxic responses by interferons. J Immunopharmacol 7: 403–415, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Sinkovics JG: Interferons. In: Medical Oncology, Vol. 2., 2nd edition, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 1453–1459, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Laszlo J, Huang AT, Brenckman WD, Jeffs C, Koren H, Cianciolo G, Metzgar R, Cashdollar W: Phase I study of pharmacological and immunological effects of human lymphoblastoid interferon given to patients with cancer. Cancer Res 43: 4458–4466, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Damle NK, Doyle LV: Interleukin-2 activated human killer lymphocytes: lack of involvement of interferon in the development of IL-2-activated killer lymphocytes. Int J Cancer 40: 519–524, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Borden EC, Hawkins MJ: Biologic response modifiers as adjuncts to other therapeutic modalities. Semin Oncol 80: 148–149, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Borden EC: Augmented tumor-associated antigen expression by interferons. J Natl Cancer Inst 80: 148–149, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Plaeger-Marshall S, Haas A, Clement LT, Giorgi JV, Chen IS, Quan SG, Gatti RA, Stiehm ER: Interferon-induced expression of Class II major histocompatibility antigens in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II deficiency syndrome. J Clin Immunol 8: 285–295, 1988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Vilcek J, Kelke HC, Jumming LE, Yip YK: Structure and function of human interferon gamma. In: Mediators in cell growth and differentiation. Ford R.J. (editor), Raven Press, New York pp. 299–313, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Bonnem ER, Oldham RK: Gamma-interferon: physiology and speculations on its role in medicine. J Biol Res Modif 6: 275–301, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Sidky YA, Borden EC: Inhibition of angiogenesis by interferons: effects on tumor-and lymphocyte-induced vascular responses. Cancer Res 47: 5155–5161, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Satoh M, Inagawa H, Shimada Y, Soma G, Oshima H, Mizuno D: Endogenous production of tumor necrosis factor in normal mice and human cancer patients by interferons and other cytokines combined with biological response modifiers of bacterial origin. J Biol Response Mod 6: 512–524, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Progress in the development and use of antiviral drugs and interferon. Report of WHO Scientific Group. WHO Technic Rep Ser 754: 1–28, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Friedman RM: Antitumor effects of interferons. J Exp Pathol 3: 203–227, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Merigan TC, Sikora K, Breeden JH, Levy R, Rosenberg SA: Preliminary observations on the effect of human leukocyte interferon in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. New Engl J Med 299: 1449–1453, 1978.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Gutterman JU, Blumenschein GR, Alexanian R, Yap H-Y, Buzdar AU, Cabanillas F, Hortobagyi GN, Hersch EM, Rasmussen SL, Harmon M, Kramer M, Pestka S: Leukocyte interferon-induced tumor regression inb human metastatic breast cancer, multiple myeloma, and malignant lymphoma. Annals Intern Med 93: 399–406, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Mellstedt H, Ahre A, Bjorkholm M, Holm G, Johansson B, Strander H: Interferon therapy in myelomatosis. Lancet 1: 245–247, 1979.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Wiernik PH, Schwartz B, Dutcher JP, Turman N, Adinolfi C: Successful treatment of hairy cell leukemia with β-ser interferon. Amer J Hematol 33: 244–248, 1990.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Watson JV: What does “response” in cancer chemotherapy really mean? Brit Med J 283: 34–37, 1981.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Quesada JR: Interferons in cancer research — an update. Cancer Bull 35: 30–39, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Real FX, Oettgen HF, Krown SE: Kaposi’s sarcoma and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Treatment with high and low doses of recombinant leukocyte interferon. J Clin Oncol 4: 544–551, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Jacobs AD, Champlin RT, Golde DW: Recombinant α-2-interferon for hairy cell leukemia. Blood 65: 1017–1020, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Thompson JA, Brady J, Kidd P, Fefer A: Recombinant α-2 interferon in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. Cancer Treat Rep 69: 791–793, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Quesada JR, Hersh EM, Manning J, Reuben J, Keating M, Schnipper E, Itri L, Gutterman JU: Treatment of hairy cell leukemia with recombinant-interferon. Blood 68: 493–497, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Sigal RK, Lieberman MD, Reynolds JV, Williams N, Ziegler MM, Daly JM: Tumor immunization. Improved results after vaccine modified with recombinant interferon gamma. Arch Surg 125: 308–312, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Samuels BL, Brownstein BH, Golomb HM: In vitro induction of proteins by α-interferon in hairy cell leukemia. Cancer Res 46: 4151–4155, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Branca AA, Baglione C: Evidence that types I and II interferons have different receptors. Nature (London) 294: 768, 1981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Orchansky P, Novick D, Fischer DG, Rubinstein M: Type I and type II interferon receptors. J Interferon Res 4: 275–282, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Niederle N, Kloke O, Scheulen ME, Nowrousian MR, and Schmidt CG: Hairy cell leukemia: therapy with recombinant interferon-and interferon-gamma. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 27: 1284, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  141. Ludwig H, Cortelezzi A, Scheithauer W, Van Camp BG, Kuzmits R, Fillet G, Peetermans M, Polli E, Flener R: Recombinant interferon “-2c versus polychemotherapy (VMCP) for treatment of multiple myeloma: A prospective randomized trial. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 22: 1111–1116, 1986.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Quesada JR, Alexanian R, Hawkins M, Barlogie B, Borden E, Itri L, Gutterman JU: Treatment of multiple myeloma with recombinant α-interferon. Blood 67: 275–278, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Case DC Jr, Sonneborn HL, Paul SD, Hiebel J, Boyd MA, Shepp MA, Dorsk BM, Bonnem E: Phase II study of rDNA α-interferon in patients with multiple myeloma using an escalation induction phase. Cancer Treat Rep 70: 1251–1254, 1986.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Cooper MR, Welander CE: Interferons in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Cancer 59: 594–600, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Figlin RA, deKernion JB, Maldazys J, Sarna G: Treatment of renal cell carcinoma with α (human leukocyte) interferon and vinblastine in combination: A phase I-II trial. Cancer Treat Rep 69: 263–267, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Umeda T, Niijima T: Phase II study of interferon on renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 58: 1231–1235, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Vugrin D, Hood L, Laszlo J: A phase II trial of high-dose human lymphoblastoid α interferon in patients with advanced renal carcinoma. J Biol Response Mod 5: 309–312, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Sarna G, Figlin R, deKernion J: Interferon in renal cell carcinoma. The UCLA experience. Cancer 59: 610–612, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Vugrin D: Systematic therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Semin Nephrol 7: 152–162, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Trump DL, Elson PT, Borden EC, Harris JE, Tuttle RL, Whisnant JK, Oken MM, Carignan JR, Ruckdeschel JC, Davis TE: High dose lymphoblastoid interferon in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rep 71: 165–169, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Quesada JR: Biologic response modifiers in the therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Semin Oncol 15: 396–407, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Creagan ET, Ahmann DL, Frytak S, Long HJ, Chang MN, Itri LM: Phase II trials of recombinant leukocyte A interferon in disseminated malignant melanoma: Results in 96 patients. Cancer Treat Rep 70: 619–624, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Abdi EA, McPherson A, Tan YH: Combination of fibroblast interferon, carboxamide and cimetidine for advanced malignant melanoma. J Biol Response Mod 5: 423–428, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. McLeod GR, Thomson DB, Hersey P: Recombinant interferon alfa-2a in advanced malignant melanoma: A phase I-II study in combination with DTIC. Inter J Cancer 1: 31–35, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Gelmann EP, Preble OT, Steis R, Lane HC, Rook AH, Wesley M, Jacob J, Fauci A, Masur H, Longo D: Human lymphoblastoid interferon treatment of Kaposi’s sarcoma in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: Clinical response and prognostic parameters. Amer J Med 78: 737–741, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Rios A, Mansell PW, Newell GR, Reuben JM, Hersch EM, Gutterman JU: Treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome — related Kaposi’s sarcoma with lymphoblastoid interferon. J Clin Oncol 3: 506–512, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Bunn PA, Foon KA, Ihde DC, Longo DL, Eddy J, Winkler CF, Veach SR, Zeffren J, Sherwin S, Oldham R: Recombinant leukocyte A interferon: An active agent in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Ann Intern Med 101: 484–487, 1984.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Eriksson B, Oberg K, Alm G, Karlsson A, Lundqvist G, Magnusson A, Wide L, Wilander E: Treatment of malignant endocrine pancreatic tumors with human leukocyte interferon. Cancer Treat Rep 71: 31–37, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Ziai MR, Imberti L, Tongson A, Ferrone S: Differential modulation by recombinant immune interferon of the expression and shedding of HLA antigens and melanoma associated antigens by a melanoma cell line resistant to the antiproliferative activity of immune interferon. Cancer Res 45: 5877–5882, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Greiner JW, Fisher PB, Pestka S, Schlom J: Differential effects of recombinant human leukocyte interferons on cell surface antigen expression. Cancer Res 46: 4984–4990, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Piguet V, Carrel S, Diserens A-C, Mach J-P, deTribolet N: Heterogeneity of the induction of HLA-DR expression by human immune interferon on glioma cell lines and their clones. J Natl Cancer Inst 76: 223–228, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. deKernion JB, Sarna G, Figlin R, Lindner A, Smith RB, The treatment of renal cell carcinoma with human leukocyte-interferon. J Urology 130: 1063–1066, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  163. Rinehart JJ, Young D, Laforge J, Colburn D, Neidhart J: Phase I/II trial of recombinant gamma-interferon in patients with renal cell carcinoma: immunologic and biologic effects. J Biol Response Mod 6: 302–312, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Mittelman A, Huberman M, Puccio C, Fallon B, Tessitore J, Savona S, Eyre R, Gafney E, Wick M, Skelos A, Arnold P, Ahmed T, Groopman J, Arlin Z, Zeffren J, Levitt D: A phase I study of recombinant human interleukin-2 and α-interferon-2a in patients with renal cell cancer, colorectal cancer, and malignant melanoma. Cancer 66: 664–669, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Oldham RK: Biological response modifiers program and cancer chemotherapy. Int J Tissue React 4: 173–188, 1982.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  166. Quesada JR, Swanson DA, Trindade A, Gutterman JU: Renal ell carcinoma: anti-tumor effects of leukocyte interferon. Cancer Res 43: 940–947, 1983.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Chadha KC, Ambrus JL Jr, Dembinski W, Ambrus JL Sr: Interferons and interferon inhibitory activity in disease and therapy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 229: 285–290, 2004.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Beutler B, Greenwald D, Hulmes JD, Chang M, Pany-CE, Mathison J, Ulevitch R, Cerami A: Identity of tumour necrosis factor and the macrophage-secreted factor cachectin. Nature (London) 316: 552–554, 1985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Beutler B, Cerami A: Cachectin and tumor necrosis factor as two sides of the same biological coin. Nature (London) # 6063, 320: 584–588, 1986.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Shear WJ, Turner FC Chemical treatment of tumors: isolation of the hemorrhage-producing fraction from Serratia marcescens (Bacillus prodigiosus) culture filtrate. J Natl Canc Inst 4: 81–97, 1943.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. O’Malley WE, Achinstein B, Shear MJ: Action of bacterial polysaccharide on tumors. II. Damage of sarcoma 37 by serum of mice treated with Serratia marces cens polysaccharide, and induced tolerance. J Natl Cancer Inst 29: 1169–1175, 1962.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Carswell EA, Old LJ, Kassel RL, Green S, Fiore N, Williamson B: An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc Natl Cancer Inst USA 72: 3666–3670, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Sinkovics JG: Oncogenes and growth factors. CRC Critical Reviews in Immunology 8: 217–298, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Aggarwal BB, Kohr WJ, Hass PE, Moffat B, Spencer SA, Henzel WJ, Bringman TS, Nedwin GE, Goeddel DV, Harkins RN: Human tumor necrosis factor. Production, purification and characterization. J Biol Chem 260: 2345–2354, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Pennica D, Nedwin GE, Hayflick JS, Seeburg PH, Derynck R, Palladino MA, Kohr WJ, Aggarwal BB, Goeddel DV: Human tumor necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin. Nature (London) 312: 724–729, 1984.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Nedospasov SA, Hirt B, Shakhov AN, Dobrynin VN, Kawashima E, Accolla RS, Jongeneel CV: The genes for tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and lymphotoxin (TNF-β) are tandemly arranged on chromosome 17 of the mouse. Nucleic Acids Res 14: 7713–7725, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Goeddel DV, Aggarwal BB, Gray PW, Leung DW, Nedwin GE, Palladino MA, Patton JS, Pennica D, Shepard HM, Sugarman BJ: Tumor necrosis factors: gene structure and biological activities. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 51(Part 1): 597–609, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Shirai T, Yamaguchi H, Ito H, Todd ChW, Wallace RB: Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for human tumor necrosis factor. Nature (London) 313: 803–806, 1985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Nedwin GE, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Smith D, Jarrett-Nedwin J, Pennica D, Goeddel DV, Gray PW: Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization. Nucleic Acid Res 13: 6361–6373, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Marmenout A, Fransen L, Tavernier J, van der Hayden J, Tizard R, Kawashima E, Shaw A, Johnson MJ, Semon D, Muller R, Ruysschaert M-R, van Vliet A, Fiers W: Molecular cloning and expression of human tumor necrosis factor and comparison with mouse tumor necrosis factor. Eur J Biochem 152: 515–522, 1985.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Kunkel SL, Spengler M, May MA, Spengler R, Larrick J, Remick D: Prostaglandin E2 regulates macrophage-derived tumor necrosis gene expression. J Biol Chem 263: 5380–5384, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Arakawa T, Yphantis DA: Molecular weight of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α. J Biol Chem 262: 7484–7485, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  183. Haranaka K, Carswell EA, Williamson BD, Prendergast JS, Satomi N, Old L: Purification, characterization, and anti-tumor activity of non-recombinant mouse tumor necrosis factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 3949–3953, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  184. Smith RA, Baglioni C: The active form of tumor necrosis factor is a trimer. J Biol Chem 262: 6951–6954, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  185. Wingfield P, Pain RH, Craig S: Tumor necrosis factor is a compact trimer. FEBS Lett 211: 179–184, 1987.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Kinkhabwala M, Sehajpal P, Skolnik E, Smith D, Sharma VK, Vlassara H, Cerami A, Suthanthiran M: A novel addition to the T cell repertory. Cell surface expression of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin by activated normal human T cells. J Exp Med 171: 941–946, 1990.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  187. Aggarwal BB, Henzel WJ, Moffat B, Kohr WJ, Harkins RN: Primary structure of human lymphotoxin derived from 1788 lymphoblastoid cell line. J Biol Chem 260: 2334–2344, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  188. Schall TJ, Lewis M, Koller KJ, Lee A, Rice GC, Wong GH, Gatanaga T, Granger GA, Lentz R, Raab H, Kohr WJ, Goeddel DV: Molecular cloning and expression of a receptor for human tumor necrosis factor. Cell 61: 361–370, 1990.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  189. Chensue SW, Remick DG, Shmyr-Forsch C, Beals TF, Kunkel SL: Immunohistochemical demonstration of cytoplasmic and membrane-associated tumor necrosis factor in murine macrophages. Amer J Pathol 133: 564–572, 1988.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. McCall JL, Yun K, Funamoto S, Parry BR: In vivo immunohistochemical identification of tumor necrosis factor/cachentin in human lymphoid tissue. Amer J Pathol 135: 421–425, 1989.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Maury CP, Salo E, Pelkonen P: Elevated circulating tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with Kawasaki disease. J Lab Clin Med 113: 651–654, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Tsujimoto M, Feinman R, Kohase M, Vilcek J: Characterization and affinity crosslinking of receptors for tumor necrosis factor on human cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 249: 563–568, 1986.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Kull FC Jr, Jacobs S, Cuetrecasas P: Cellular reeptor for 125-I-labeled tumor necrosis factor: specific binding, affinity labeling, and relationship to sensitivity. Proc Natl Sci USA 82: 5756–5760, 1985.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Tsujimoto M, Yip YK, Vilcek J: Tumor necrosis factor: specific binding and internalization in sensitive and resistant cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 7626–7630, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  195. Israel S, Hahn T, Holtmann H, Wallach D: Binding of human TNF-α to high-affinity cell surface receptors: effect of IFN. Immunol Lett 12: 217–224, 1986.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  196. Imamura K, Ohno T, Spriggs DR: Effects of Botulinum type D toxin on secretion of tumor necrosis factor from human monocytes. Mol Cell Biol 9: 2239–2243, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  197. Aggarwal BB, Traquina PR, Eessalu TE: Modulation of receptors and cytotoxic response of tumor necrosis factor-by various lectins. J Biol Chem 261: 13652–13656, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Holtmann H, Wallach D: Down regulation of the receptors for tumor necrosis factor by interleukin 1 and 4 β-phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. J Immunol 139: 1161–1167, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Darzynkiewicz Z, Williamson B, Carswell EA, Old LJ: Cell cycle specific effects of tumor necrosis factor. Cancer Res 44: 83–190, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Niitsu Y, Watanabe N, Sone H, Neda H, Yamauchi N, Urushizaki I: Mechanism of the cytotoxic effect of tumor necrosis factor. Jpn J Cancer Res 76: 1193–1197, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  201. Bonavida B, Granger G (eds.), Tumor Necrosis Factor: structure, mechanism of action, role in disease and therapy. Karger, Basel, pp. 1–252, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  202. Knauer MF, Longmuir KJ, Yamamoto RS, Fitzgerald TP, Granger GA: Mechanism of human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor induced destruction of cells in vitro: phospholipa e activation and deacylation of specific-membrane phospholipids. J Cell Physiol 142: 469–479, 1990.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. Schirrmacher V, Heicappell R: Prevention of metastatic spread by postoperative immunotherapy with virally modified autologous tumor cells. II. Establishment of specific systemic anti-tumor immunity. Clin Exp Metastasis 5: 147–156, 1987.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  204. Rosenblum MG Donato NJ: Tumor necrosis factor α: a multifaceted peptide hormone. CRC Crit Rev Immunol 9: 21–44, 1989.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Rosenblum MG, Donato NJ, Kessler D, Gutterman JU: Preliminary characterization of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) antiproliferative effects on human cells in culture. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 28: 398, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  206. Creasey AA, Yamamoto R, Vitt CR: A high molecular weight component of the human tumor necrosis factor receptor is associated with cytotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84: 3293–3297, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  207. Creasey AA, Reynolds MT, Laird W: Cures and partial regression of murine and human tumors by recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. Cancer Res 46: 5687–5690, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  208. Vanhaesebroeck B, Cragoe EJ Jr, Pouyssegur J, Beyaert R, van Roy F, Fiers W: Cytotoxic activity of tumor necrosis factor is inhibited by amiloride derivates without involvement of the Na+/H+ antiporter. FEBS Lett 261: 319–322, 1990.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  209. Yoshimura T, Sone S: Different and synergistic actions of human tumor necrosis factor and interferon-gamma in damage of liposome membranes. J Biol Chem 262: 4597–4601, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  210. Katakami Y, Nakao Y, Koizumi T, Katakami N, Ogawa R, Fujita T: Regulation of tumour necrosis factor production by mouse peritoneal macrophages: tiThe role of cellular cyclic AMP. Immunology 64: 719–724, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Strieter RM, Remick DG, Ward PA, Spengler RN, Lynch JP III Larrick J, Kunkel SL: Cellular and molecular regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α production by pentoxifylline. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 155: 1230–1236, 1988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Scuderi P: Suppression of human leukocyte tumor necrosis factor secretion by the serine protease inhibitor p-toluenesulphonyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME). J Immunol 143: 168–173, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  213. Scheurich P, Unglaub R, Maxeiner B, Thoma B, Zugmaier G, Pfizenmaier K: Rapid modulation of tumor necrosis factor membrane receptors by activators of protein kinase C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 141: 855–860, 1986.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  214. Jetten AM, Ganong BR, Vandenbark GR, Shirley JE, Bell RM: Role of protein kinase C in diacylglycerol-mediated induction of ornithine decarboxylase and reduction of epidermal growth factor binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 1941–1945, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  215. Nishizuka Y: Studies and perspectives of protein kinase C. Science 233: 305–312, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  216. Fidler IJ, Kleinerman ES: Lymphokine-activated human blood monocytes destroy tumor cells but not normal cells under cns. J Clin Oncol 2: 937–943, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  217. Ziegler-Heitbrock HW, Moller A, Linke RP, Haas JG, Rieber EP, Riethmuller G: Tumor necrosis factor as effector molecule in monocyte mediated cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 46: 5947–5952, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  218. Urban JL, Shepard HM, Rothstein JL, Sugarman BJ, Schreiber H: Tumor necrosis factor: a potent effector molecule for tumor cell killing by activated macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 5233–5237, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  219. Nissen-Meyer J, Austgulen R, Espevik T: Comparison of recombinant tumor necrosis factor and the monocyte-derived cytotoxic factor involved in monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 47: 2251–2258, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  220. Kirstein M, Baglioni C: Tumor necrosis factor induces synthesis of two proteins in human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 261: 9565–9567, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  221. Manda T, Shimomura K, Mukumoto S, Kobayashi K, Mizota T, Hirai O, Matsumoto S, Oku T, Nishigaki F, Mori J, Kikuchi H: Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α: evidence of an indirect mode of antitumor activity. Cancer Res 47: 3707–3711, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  222. Patek PQ, Lin Y, Collins JL: Natural cytotoxic cells and tumor necrosis factor activate similar lytic mechanisms. J Immunol 138: 1641–1646, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  223. Talmadge JE, Herberman RB: The preclinical screening laboratory: evaluation of immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties of biological response modifiers. Cancer Treat Rep 70: 171–182, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  224. Regenass U, Muller M, Curschellas E, Matter A: Anti-tumor effects of tumor necrosis factor in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. Int J Cancer 39: 266–273, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  225. Blick M, Sherwin SA, Rosenblum M, Gutterman J: Phase I study of recombinant tumor necrosis factor in cancer patients. Cancer Res 47: 2986–2989, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  226. Sugarman BJ, Aggarwal BB, Hass PE, Figari IS, Palladino MA, Shepard HM: Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α: effect on proliferation of normal and transformed cells in vitro. Science 230: 943–945, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  227. Watanabe N, Niitsu Y, Neda H, Sone H, Yamauchi N, Umetsu T, Urushizaki I: Antitumor effect of tumor necrosis factor against various primarily cultured human cancer cells. Jpn J Cancer Res 76: 1115–1119, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  228. Lachman LB, Brown DC, Dinarello CA: Growth-promoting effect of recombinant interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor for a human astrocytoma cell line. J Immunol 138: 2913–2916, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  229. Pober JS, Bevilacqua MP, Mendrick DL, Lapierre LA, Fiers W, Gimbrone MA Jr: Two distinct monokines, interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor, each independently induce biosynthesis and transient expression of the same antigen on the surface of cultured human vascular endothelial cells. J Immunol 136: 1680–1687, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  230. Ming WJ, Bersani L, Matovani A: Tumor necrosis factor is chemotactic for monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Immunol 138: 1469–1474, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  231. Ruggiero V, Tavarnier J, Fiers W, Baglioni C: Induction of the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor receptors by interferon-gamma. J Immunol 136: 2445–2450, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  232. Hemni H, Nakamura T, Tamura K, Shimizu Y, Kato S, Miki T, Takahashi N, Muramatsu M, Numao N, Sagamura K: Lymphotoxin: induction of terminal differentiation of the human myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60 and THP-1. J Immunol 138: 664–666, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  233. Nakamura H, Motoyoshi S, Seto Y, Kadokawa T, Nakata K, Iida M, Taguchi T: Damaging action of human recombinant TNF on tumor vessels as an aspect of its antineoplastic action against Meth A sarcoma in mice. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 14: 91–99, 1987.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  234. Sherwin SA: Early clinical trials of recombinant tumor necrosis factor (RTNF). “Fifth NCl-EORTC Symposium on New Drugs in Cancer Therapy”. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Abstract 6.04), 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  235. Feinberg B, Kurzrock M, Talpaz M, Blick M, Saks S, Gutterman JU: A phase I trial of intravenously-administered recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α in cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 6: 1328–1334, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  236. Steinmetz T, Schaadt M, Gahl R, Schenk V, Diehl V, Pfreundschuh M: Phase I study of 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. J Biol Response Mod 7: 417–423, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  237. Spriggs DR, Sherman ML, Michie H, Arthur KA, Imamura K, Wilmore D, Frei E III, Kufe D.W., Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor administered as a 24-hour intravenous infusion. A phase I and pharmacologic study. J Natl Cancer Inst 80: 1039–1044, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  238. Sherman ML, Spriggs DR, Arthur KA, Imamura K, Frei III E, Kufe DW: Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor administered as a five-day continuous infusion in cancer patients: Phase I toxicity and effects on lipid metabolism. J Clin Oncol 6: 344–350, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  239. Wiedenmann B, Reichardt P, Rath U, Theilmann L, Schule B, Ho AD, Shlick E, Kempeni J, Hunstein W, Kommerell B: Phase-I trial of intravenous continuous infusion of tumor necrosis factor in advanced metastatic carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 115: 189–192, 1989.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  240. Creaven PJ, Brenner DE, Cowens JW, Huben RP, Wolf RM, Takita H, Arbuck SG, Razack MS, Proefrock AD: A phase I clinical trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor given daily for five days. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 23: 186–191, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  241. Pfreundschuh MG, Steinmetz HT, Tuschen R, Schenk V, Diehl V, Schaadt M: Phase I study of intratumoral application of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 25: 379–388, 1989.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  242. Bartsch HH, Pfizenmaier K, Schroeder M, Nagel GA: Intralesional application of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor α induces local tumor regression in patients with advanced malignancies. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 25: 287–291, 1989.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  243. Zamkoff K, Newman N, Rudolph A, Poiesz B: A Phase I study of subcutaneously administered recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) in patients with advanced malignancy. Proc Amer Soc Clin Oncol 7: 68 (Abstract #259), 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  244. Childs B, Kemeny N, Larchian N, Rosodo K, Kelsen D: A phase II trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 66: 659–663, 1990.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  245. Schaadt M, Pfreundschuh M, Lorscheidt G, Peters KM, Steinmetz HT, Diehl V: Phase II study of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor in colorectal carcinoma. J Biol Response Mod 9: 247–250, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  246. Kemeny N, Childs B, Larchian W, Rosado K, Kelsen D: A phase II trial of recombinant tumor necrosis factor in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 66: 659–663, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  247. McIntosh JK, Mule JJ, Merino MJ, Rosenberg SA: Synergistic antitumor effects of immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and recombinant tumor necrosis factor-α. Cancer Res 48: 4011–4017, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  248. Talmadge JE, Tribble H, Pennington R: Immunotherapeutic properties of recombinant lymphokines (RH RNF, RM IFN-γ, RH IL-2) in the treatment of metastatic disease. Abstract. Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res 27: 317, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  249. Rychly J, Knippel E, Krygier-Stojalowska A, Nizze H, Kuchnio M, Kraeft SK: DNA cytometric and histologic findings in mouse tumors (BP and S180) with different response to treatment with tumor necrosis factor. Acta Oncol 29: 47–51, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  250. Herberman RB: Interleukin-2 therapy of human cancer: potential benefits versus toxicity. J Clin Oncol 7: 1–4, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  251. Aggarwal BB, Shishodia S, Ashikawa K, Bharti AC: The role of TNF and its family members in inflammation and cancer: lessons from gene deletion. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy 1: 327–341, 2002.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  252. Morgan DA, Ruscetti FW, Gallo RG: Selective in vitro growth of T-lymphocytes from normal bone marrows. Science 193: 1007–1008, 1976.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  253. Ruscetti FW, Morgan DA, Gallo RC: Functional and morphologic characterization of human T cells continuously grown in vitro. J Immunol 119: 131–138, 1977.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  254. Strausser JL, Rosenberg SA: In vitro growth of cytotoxic human lymphocytes. I. Growth of cells sensitized in vitro to alloantigens. J Immunol 121: 1491–1495, 1978.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  255. Yron I, Wood TA Jr, Spiess PJ, Rosenberg SA: In vitro growth of murine T cells. V. The isolation and growth of lymphoid cell infiltrating syngeneic solid tumors. J Immunol 125: 238–245, 1980.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  256. Bodey B, Bodey B, Jr, Kaiser HE: Cell culture observations of Postnatal Thymic Epithelium: An In vitro Model for Growth and Humoral Influence on Intrathymic T Lymphocyte Maturation. In Vivo 10: 515–526, 1996.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  257. Rosenberg SA: Adoptive immunotherapy of cancer: accomplishments and prospects. Cancer Treat Rep 68: 233–255, 1984.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  258. Doyle MV, Lee MT, Fong S: Comparison of biological activities of human recombinant and native IL-2. J. Biol Response Mod 4: 96–109, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  259. Sinkovics JG: Oncogenes and growth factors. CRC Critical Reviews in Immunology 8: 217–298, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  260. Guinan EC, Smith BR, Miller RA, Pober JS: Vascular endothel cells enhance T cell responses by markedly augmenting interleukin-2. 5th Int. Lymphokine Workshop, Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action, Jan. 11–15, 1987, Clearwater, FL, Lymphokine Res 6: 61 (Abstr. 1632), 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  261. Rosenstein M, Ettinghausen SE, Rosenberg SA: Extravasation of intravascular fluid mediated by the systemic administration of recombinant interleukin-2. J Immunol 137: 1735–1742, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  262. Grimm EA, Mazumder A, Zhang HZ, Rosenberg SA: Lymphokine activated killer cell phenomenon: lysis of naturalo killer-resistant fresh solid tumor cells by interleukin 2-activated autologous human peripheral blood lymphocytes. J Exp Med 155: 1823–1841, 1982.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  263. Tsoukas CD, Landgraf B, Bentin J, Valentine M, Lotz M, Vaugham JH, Carson DA: Activation of resting T lymphocytes by anti-CD3 (T3) antibodies in the absence of monocytes. J Immunol 135: 1719–1723, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  264. Stern JB, Smith KA: Interleukin-2 induction to T cell G1 progression and c-myb expression. Science 233: 203–206, 1986.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  265. Rouse BT, Miller LS, Turtunen L, Moore RN: Augmentation of immunity to herpes simplex virus by in vivo administration of interleukin-2. J Immunol 134: 926–930, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  266. Ettinghausen SE, Lipford EH III, Mule JJ, Rosenberg SA; Recombinant interleukin-2 stimulates in vivo proliferation of adoptively transferred lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. J Immunol 135: 3623–3635, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  267. Clark RL Jr: Introduction to viruses and tumor growth. Texas Rep Biol Med 15: 449–450, 1957.

    Google Scholar 

  268. Bubenik J, Voitenok NN, Kieler J, Prassolov VS, Chumakov PM, Bubenikova D, Simova J, Jandlova T: Local administration of cells containing an inserted IL-2 gene and producing IL-2 inhibits growth of human tumours in nu/nu mice. Immunol Lett 19: 279–282, 1988.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  269. Lin Y, Case PG, Patek PQ: Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor and natural cytotoxic cell lytic activities by a spleen cell-elaborated factor. Immunology 63: 663–668, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  270. Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Yang JC, Linehan WM, Seipp C, Calabro S, Karp SE, Sherry RM, Steinberg S, White DE: Combination therapy with interleukin-2 and α-interferon for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 7: 1863–1874, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  271. Rosenberg SA, Mule JJ: Immunotherapy of cancer with lymphokine activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin-2. Surgery 98: 437–443, 1985.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  272. Rosenberg SA: Adoptive immunotherapy of cancer using lymphokine activated killer cells and recombinant IL-2. In: Important Advances in Oncol, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  273. Belldegrun A, Muul LM, Rosenberg SA: Interleukin-2 expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human renal cell cancer: Isolation, characterization, and antitumor activity. Cancer Res 48: 206–214, 1988.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  274. Fisher B, Keenan AM, Garra BS, Steinberg SM, White DE, DiBisceglie AM, Hoofnagle JH, Yolles P, Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT: Interleukin-2 induces profound reversible cholestasis: a detailed analysis in treated cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 7: 1852–1862, 1989.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  275. Paciucci PA: Antitumor activity of interleukin-2 without toxicity and other desiderata. Cancer Inves 7: 297–298, 1989.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  276. Rosenberg SA, Longo DL, Lotze MT: Principles and applications of biologic therapy. In: Cancer, Principles and practice of oncology, 3rd edition, Eds. V.T. DeVita Jr., Hellman S. and Rosenberg S.A., J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia pp. 301–347, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  277. Huang CM, Elin RJ, Ruddel M, Sliva C, Lotze MT, Rosenberg SA: Changes in laboratory results for cancer patients treated with interleukin-2. Clin Chem 36: 431–434, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  278. North RJ: Cyclophosphamide-facilitated adoptive immunotherapy of established tumor depends on elimination of tumor induced suppressor cells. J Exp Med 155: 1063–1074, 1982.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  279. Borden EC, Creekmore SP: Cancer therapy with combinations of biological response modifiers and cytotoxics: an update. Cancer Cells 2: 217–220, 1990.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  280. Mitchell MS: Biomodulation in the treatment of cancer. USC J Med 4: 23–25, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2005). Biologic Anti-Neoplastic Therapies. In: Molecular Markers of Brain Tumor Cells. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2804-0_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics