Abstract
The quantitative appraisal, partly through bibliometrics, of science-technology connections has made great progress in the last decade. We investigate in this chapter the lexical linkage between articles and patents, an alternative method to the systematic exploitation of the citations of patents to scientific papers. We explore in particular the ability to establish correspondence tables between patent classification and scientific categories. After a reminder of the methodological background (S&T linkages, lexical methods, statistical measures) we report an exploratory study based on a subset of the Chemical Abstracts database (CA) that covers both articles and patents by a very precise indexing system. Connection measures have been established, first on controlled vocabulary, and secondly on some natural language fields. The comparison shows some robustness of the lexical approach, with clear limitations at the micro level: topic sharing between a particular article and a particular patent cannot be interpreted in the general case as the sharing of a research question. At the macro level, for example IPC sub-classes and ISI subject categories, the lexical approach is an appealing technique, complementary to usual citation based analysis built on very sparse matrices, because informetric performances of lexical methods can be tuned in a large scope of precision-recall features. The extension to databases specific either to articles or patents requires language processing which can be alleviated if macro level correspondence is solely sought.
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Bassecoulard, E., Zitt, M. (2004). Patents and Publications. In: Moed, H.F., Glänzel, W., Schmoch, U. (eds) Handbook of Quantitative Science and Technology Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2755-9_31
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