Skip to main content

Laser Cooling and Trapping of Neutral Atoms to Ultralow Temperatures

  • Conference paper
Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry ((NAII,volume 168))

  • 1161 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Arimondo E., Phillips W. D. and Strumia F. Editors (1992) Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, Proc. S.I.F., Course CXVIII (North Holland, Amsterdam)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dalibard J., Raimond J.-M. and Zinn-Justin J. Editors (1992) Fundamental Systems in Quantum Optics (North Holland, Amsterdam)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chu S. and Wieman C. Editors (1989) Feature issue on laser cooling and trapping of atoms, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2020

    Google Scholar 

  4. Meystre P. and Stenholm S. Editors (1985) Feature issue on mechanical effects of light, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2, 1706

    Google Scholar 

  5. Metcalf H. and van der Straten P. (1994), Phys. Reports, 244, 203

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kazantsev A. P., Surdutovich G. I. and Yakovlev V. P. (1990), Mechanical action of light on atoms (World Scientific, Singapore)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Minogin V. G. and Letokhov V. S. (1987), Laser light pressure on atoms (Gordon and Breach, New York)

    Google Scholar 

  8. (1992) Special issue on atom optics and interferometry, Appl. Phys. B, 54, 321

    Google Scholar 

  9. (1994) Special issue on atom optics and interferometry, J. de Physique, 4, 1877

    Google Scholar 

  10. (1996) Special issue on atom optics and interferometry Quant. Semiclass. Optics, 8, 495

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dalilbard J. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1985) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2, 1707

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cohen-Tannoudji C., Dupont-Roc J. and Grynberg G. (1992) Atom-photon interactions: Basic Processes and Applications (Wiley, New York)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gordon J. P. and Ashkin A. (1980) Phys. Rev. A, 21, 1606

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Cook R. J. (1986) Phys. Rev. A, 22, 1078

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Stenholm S. (1986) Rev. Mod. Phys., 58, 699

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1992) in Fundamental Systems in Quantum Optics edited by Dalibard J., Raimond J.-M. and Zinn-Justin J. (North Holland, Amsterdam)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Moskowitz P. E., Gould P. L., Atlas S. R. and Pritchard D. E. (1983). Rev. Lett, 51, 370; Gould P. L., Ruff G. E. and Pritchard D. E. (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett., 56, 827

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Martin P. J., Oldaker B. G., Miklich A. H. and Pritchard D. E. (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 60, 515

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Dalibard J. (1986) Thse de doctorate d'tat en Sciences Physique, Universit de Paris VI

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lett P. D., Phillips W. D., Rolston S. L., Tanner C. E., Watts R. N. and Westbrook C. I. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2084

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Castin Y., Wallis H. and Dalibard J. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2046

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Aspect A., Arimondo E., Kaiser R., Vansteenkiste N. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2112

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. Aspect A., Arimondo E., Kaiser R., Vansteenkiste N. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 61, 826

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. Pritchard D. E., Helmerson K., Bagnato V. S., Lafyatis G. P. and Martin A. G. (1987) in Laser Spectroscopy VIII edited by W. Persson and S. Svanberg (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), 68

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wallis H. and Ertmer W. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am B, 6, 2211

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kasevich M. and Chu S. (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett., 69, 1741

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. Phillips W. D., Prodan J. and Metcalf H. (1985) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2, 1751

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Chu S., Hollberg L., Bjorkholm J., Cable A. and Ashkin A. (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 55, 48

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hodapp T. W., Gerz C., Furtlelehner C., Westbrook C. I. and Phillips W. D. (1995) Appl. Phys. B, 60, 135

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Phillips W. and Metcalf H. (1982) Phys. Rev. Lett., 48, 596

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. Cable A., Prentiss M. and Bigelow N. P. (1990) Opt. Lett., 15, 507

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. Monroe C., Swann W., Robinson H. and Wieman C. (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 65, 1571

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. Andreev S., Balykin V., Letokhov V. and Minogin V. (1981) Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., Vol. no. 34, 463 [(1981) JETP Lett., 34, 442]

    Google Scholar 

  34. Hoffnagle J. (1988) Opt. Lett., 13, 102

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. Ketterle W., Martin A., Joffe M. A. and Pritchard D. E. (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett., 69, 2483

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. Gaggl R., Windholz L., Umfer C. and Neureiter C. (1994) Phys. Rev. A, 49, 1119

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Prentiss M. and Cable A. (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, 1354

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. Letokhov V. S., Minogin V. G and Pavlik B. D. (1976) Opt. Commun, 19, 72

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. Phillips W. D. and Prodan J. V. (1983) in Laser-Cooled and Trapped Atoms edited by Phillips W. D. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Spec. Publ., 653, 137; (1984) Prog. Quantum Electron., 8, 231; in (1984) Coherence and Quantum Optics V edited by Mandel L. and Wolf E. (Plenum, New York), 15; Phillips W., Prodan J. and Metcalf H. (1983) in Laser Spectroscopy Laser VI edited by Weber H. and Luthy W. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), 162

    Google Scholar 

  40. Ertmer W., Blatt R., Hall J. and Zhu M. (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, 996

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. Salomon C. and Dalibard J. (1988) C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 306, 1319

    Google Scholar 

  42. Prodan J., Phillips W. and Metcalf H. (1982) Phys. Rev. Lett., 49, 1149

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. Prodan J., Migdall A., Phillips W. D., So I., Metcalf H. and Dalibard J. (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, 992

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. Migdall A., Prodan J., Phillips W., Bergeman T. and Metcalf H. (1985) Phys. Rev. Lett., 54, 2596

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. Chu S., Bjorkholm J., Ashkin A. and Cable A. (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett., 57, 314

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. Raab E., Prentiss M., Cable A., Chu S. and Pritchard D. (1987) Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, 2631

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. Cornell E., Monroe C. and Wieman C. (1991) Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, 3049

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Spreeuw R. J. C., Gerz C., Goldner L., Phillips W. D., Rolston S. L., West-brook C., Reynolds M. W. and Silvera I. F. (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett., 72, 3162

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. Wing W. (1980) Phys. Rev. Lett., 45, 631

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. Aminoff C. G., Steane A. M., Bouyer P., Desbiolles P., Dalibard J. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 71, 3083

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. Petrich W., Anderson M. H., Ensher J. R. and Cornell E. A. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 3352

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. Ashkin A. (1978) Phys. Rev. Lett., 40, 729

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. Ashkin A. and Gordon J. (1979) Opt. Lett., 4, 161

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. Dalibard J., Reynaud S. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1983) Opt. Comm., 47, 395

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. Dalibard J., Reynaud S. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1984) J. Phys. B, 17, 4577

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. Gould P. L., Lett P. D., Phillips W. D., Julienne P. S., Thorsheim H. R. and Weiner J. (1987) in Advances in Laser Science III edited by Tam A., Gole J. and Stwalley W. (American Institute of Physics, New York, N.Y.), 295

    Google Scholar 

  57. Gould P. L., Lett P. D., Julienne P. S., Phillips W. D., Thorsheim H. R. and Weiner J. (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 60, 788

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. K. Helmerson (1991) Interdisciplinary Laser Conference (Unpublished, Monterey, CA)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Rolston S. L., Gerz C., Helmerson K., Jessen P. S., Lett P. D., Phillips W. D., Spreeuw R. J. and Westbrook C. I. (1992) in 1992 Shanghai International Symposium on Quantum Optics edited by Yuzhu Wang, Yigui Wang and Zugeng Wang (Proc. SPIE, Shanghai), 1726, 205

    Google Scholar 

  60. Chu S., Bjorkholm J. E., Ashkin A., Gordon J. P. and Hollberg L. W. (1986) Opt. Lett., 11, 73

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. Miller J. D., Cline R. A. and Heinzen D. J. (1993) Phys. Rev. A, 47, R4567

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. Miller J. D., Cline R. A. and Heinzen D. J. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 71, 2204

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. Adams C. S., Lee H. J., Davidson N., Kasevich M. and Chu S. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 3577

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. Cook R. and Hill R. (1982) Opt. Comm., 43, 258

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. Kasevich M., Weiss D. and Chu S. (1990) Opt. Lett., 15, 607

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. Davidson N., Lee H. J., Adams C. S., Kasevich M. and Chu S. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 1311

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  67. Lee H.-J., Adams C. S., Davidson N., Young B., Weitz M., Kasevich M. and Chu S. (1995) in Atomic Physics 14 edited by Wineland D., Wieman C. and Smith S. (AIP Press, N.Y.), 258

    Google Scholar 

  68. Phillips W. D. (1992) in Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, Proc. S.I.F., Course CXVIII edited by Arimondo E., Phillips W. D. and Strumia F. (North Holland, Amsterdam), 289.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Ashkin A. and Gordon J. (1983) Opt. Lett., 8, 511

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. Dalibard J. (1986) personal communication.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Walker T. (1994) Laser Physics, 4, 965

    Google Scholar 

  72. Dalibard J. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2023

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  73. Walhout M., Dalibard J., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1997) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 9, 1997

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  74. Steane A. and Foot C. (1991) Europhys. Lett., 14, 231

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. Werner J., Wallis H. and Ertmer W. (1992) Opt. Comm., 94, 525

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  76. Prentiss M., Cable A., Bjorkholm J. E., Chu S., Raab E. L. and Pritchard D. E. (1988) Opt. Lett., 13, 452

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  77. Sesko D., Walker T., Monroe C., Gallagher A. and Wieman C. (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett., 63, 961

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  78. Walker T., Sesko D. and Wieman C. (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 64, 408

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  79. Ketterle W., Davis K. B., Joffe M. A., Martin A. and Pritchard D. E. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, 2253

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  80. Ramsey N. F. (1956) Molecular Beams Edited by Elliott R. J., Krumhansl J. A., Marshall W. and Wilkinson D. H. (International Series of Monographs on Physics (Oxford University Press, Oxford), 1985

    Google Scholar 

  81. Paul W. (1985) personal communication

    Google Scholar 

  82. Heer C. V. (1963) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 34, 532

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  83. Heer C. V. (1960) in Quantum Electronics edited by Townes C. H. (Columbia University Press, New York, N.Y.), 17

    Google Scholar 

  84. Vladimirski V. V. (1960) Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz, 39, 1062

    Google Scholar 

  85. Wing W. (1984) Prog. Quant. Electr., 8, 181

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  86. Ketterle W. and Pritchard D. E. (1992) Appl. Phys. B, 54, 403

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  87. Bergeman T., Erez G. and Metcalf H. J. (1987) Phys. Rev. A, 35, 1535

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  88. Davis K. B., Mewes M.-O., Joffe M. A., Andrews M. R. and Ketterle W. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 5202

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  89. Cornell evaporation ICAP?

    Google Scholar 

  90. Sesko D., Fan C. G. and Wieman C. E. (1988) J. Opt. Soc. Am B, 5, 1225

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  91. Phillips W. D., Gould P. L. and Lett P. D. (1987) in Laser Spectroscopy VIII edited by Persson W. and Svanberg S. (Springer, Berlin), 64.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Lett P. D., Watts R. N., Westbrook C. I., Phillips W. D., Gould P. L. and Metcalf H. J. (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 61, 169

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  93. Phillips W. D., Westbrook C. I., Lett P. D., Watts R. N., Gould P. L. and Metcalf H. J. (1989) in Atomic Physics 11 edited by Haroche S., Gay J. C. and Grynberg G. (World Scientific, Singapore), 633.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Dalibard J., Salomon C., Aspect A., Arimondo E., Kaiser R., Vansteenkiste N. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1989) in Atomic Physics 11 edited by Haroche S., Gay J. C. and Grynberg G. (World Scientific, Singapore), 199.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Ungar P. J., Weiss D. S., Riis E. and Chu S. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2058

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  96. Sheehy B., Shang S.-Q., Watts R., Hatamian S. and Metcalf H. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2165

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  97. Weiss D. S., Riis E., Shevy Y., Ungar P. J. and Chu S. (1989) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 6, 2072

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  98. Sheehy B., Shang S.-Q., van der Straten P., Hatamian S. and Metcalf H. (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 64, 858

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  99. Nienhuis G. (1992) in Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, Proc. S.I.F., Course CXVIII edited by Arimondo E., Phillips W. D. and Strumia F. (North Holland, Amsterdam), p 171.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Emile O., Kaiser R., Gerz C., Wallis H., Aspect A. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1993) J. Phys. II (Paris), 3, 1709

    Google Scholar 

  101. Aspect A., Emile O., Gerz C., Kaiser R., Vansteenkiste N., Wallis H. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1992) in Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, Proc. S.I.F., Course CXVIII edited by Arimondo E., Phillips W. D. and Strumia F. (North Holland, Amsterdam), 401.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Cohen-Tannoudji C. and Phillips W. D. (1990) Physics Today, 43, 33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1992) in Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, Proc. S.I.F., Course CXVIII edited by Arimondo E., Phillips W. D. and Strumia F. (North Holland, Amsterdam), 99.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Castin Y., Dalibard J. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1991) in Light Induced Kinetic Effects on Atoms, Ions and Molecules edited by Moi L., Gozzini S., Gabbanini C., Arimondo E. and Stumia F. (ETS Editrice, Pisa), 5.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Castin Y. (1992) Doctoral Dissertation, Ecole Normale Suprieure.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Salomon C., Dalibard J., Phillips W. D., Clairon A. and Guellati S. (1990) Europhys. Lett., 12, 683

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  107. Gerz C., Hodapp T. W., Jessen, Jones K. M., Phillips W. D., Westbrook C. I. and Mlmer K. (1993) Europhys. Lett., 21, 661

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  108. Letokhov V. (1968) Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 7, 348. [(1968) JETP Lett., 7, 272].

    Google Scholar 

  109. Salomon C., Dalibard J., Aspect A., Metcalf H. and Cohen-Tannoudji C. (1987) Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, 1659

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  110. Prentiss M. G. and Ezekiel S. (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett., 56, 46

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  111. Westbrook C. I., Watts R. N., Tanner C. E., Rolston S. L., Phillips W. D., Lett P. D. and Gould P. L. (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 65, 33

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  112. Hemmerich A., Zimmermann C. and Hansch T. W. (1993) Europhys. Lett., 22, 89

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  113. Verkerk P., Meacher D. R., Coates A. B., Courtois J.-Y., Guibal S., Lounis B., Salomon C. and Grynberg G. (1994) Europhys. Lett., 26, 171

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  114. Verkerk P., Lounis B., Salomon C., Cohen-Tannoudji' C., Courtois J.-Y. and Grynberg G. (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett., 68, 3861

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  115. Jessen P. S., Gerz C., Lett P. D., Phillips W. D., Rolston S. L., Spreeuw R. J. C. and Westbrook C. I. (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett., 69, 49

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  116. Courtois J.-Y. and Grynberg G. (1992) Phys. Rev. A, 46, 7060

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  117. Hemmerich A. and Hansch T. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, 410

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  118. Grynberg G., Lounis B., Verkerk P., Courtois J.-Y. and Salomon C. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, 2249

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  119. Hemmerich A. and Hansch T. (1993) Phys. Rev. A, 48, R1753

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  120. Lounis B., Verkerk P., Courtois J.-Y., Salomon C. and Grynberg G. (1993) Europhys. Lett., 21, 13

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  121. Courtois J.-Y., Grynberg G., Lounis B. and Verkerk P. (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett., 72, 3017

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  122. Hemmerich A., Zimmermann C. and Hansch T. W. (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett., 72, 625

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  123. Hemmerich A., Weidemller M. and Hansch T. (1994) Europhys. Lett., 27, 427

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  124. Meacher D. R., Boiron D., Metcalf H., Salomon C. and Grynberg G. (1994) Phys. Rev. A, 26, R1992

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  125. Hemmerich A., Weidemuller M., Esslinger T., Zimmermann C. and Hansch T. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 37

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  126. Jessen P. S. (1993) Ph. D., University of Aarhus

    Google Scholar 

  127. Marte P., Dum R., Taieb R., Lett P. and Zoller P. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 71, 1335

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  128. Birkl G., Gatzke M., Deutsch I. H., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1995) Phy. Rev. Lett., 75, 2823

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  129. Weidemuller M., Hemmerich A., Gorlitz A., Esslinger T. and Hansch T. W. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 4583

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  130. Raithel G., Birkl G., Kastberg A., Phillips W. D. and Rolston S. L. (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 630

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  131. Raithel G., Birkl G., Phillips W. D. and Rolston S. L. (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 2928

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  132. Raithel G., Phillips W. D. and Rolston S. L. (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 3615

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  133. Kozuma M., Nakagawa K., Jhe W. and Ohtsu M. (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 2428

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  134. Anderson M. H., Ensher J. R., Matthews M. R., Wieman C. E. and Cornell E. A. (1995) Science, 269, 198

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  135. Davis K. B., Mewes M.-O., Andrews M. R., van Druten N. J., Durfee D. S., Kurn D. M. and Ketterle W. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 3969

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  136. Sackett C. A., Stoof H. T. C. and Hulet R. G. (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, 2031; Bradley C. C., Sackett C. A., Tollett J. J. and Hulet R. G. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 1687

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  137. Witte A., Kisters T., Riehle F. and Helmcke J. (1992) J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 9, 1030

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  138. Barrett T., Dapore-Schwartz S., Ray M. and Lafyatis G. (1991) Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, 3483

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  139. Miranda S. G., Muniz S. R., Telles G. D., Marcassa L. G., Helmerson K. and Bagnato V. S. (1999) to be published in Phys. Rev. A, 59

    Google Scholar 

  140. Hess H. F. (1986) Phys. Rev. B, 34, 3476

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  141. Masuhara N., Doyle J. M., Sandberg J. C., Kleppner D., Greytak T. J., Hess H. F. and Kochanski G. P. (1988) Phys. Rev. Lett., 61, 935

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  142. Ovchinnikov Y., Muller J.-H., Doery M. R., Vrendenbrecht E. J. D., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 284

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  143. Kozuma M., Deng L., Hagley E. W., Wen J., Lutwak R., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 871

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  144. Deng L., Hagley E. W., Denschlag J., Simsarian J. E., Edwards M. A., Clark C. W., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 5407

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  145. Hagley E. W., Deng L., Kozuma M., Wen J., Edwards M. A., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Science, 283, 1706

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  146. Hagley E. W., Deng L., Kozuma M., Trippenbach M., Band Y. B., Edwards M. A., Doery M., Julienne P. S., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 3112

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  147. Stenger J., Inouye S., Chikkatur A. P., Stamper-Kurn D. M., Pritchard D. E. and Ketterle W. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 4569

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  148. Mewes M.-O., Andrews M. R., Kurn D. M., Durfee D. S., Townsend C. G. and Ketterle W. (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 582

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  149. Lens G., Meystre P., and Wright E. W. (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 71, 3271

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  150. Dalfovo F., Giorgini S., Pitaevskii L. P. (1999) Rev. Mod. Phys., 71, 463

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  151. Deng L., Hagley E. W., Wen J., Trippenbach M., Band Y. B., Julienne P. S., Simsarian J. E., Helmerson K., Rolston S. L. and Phillips W. D. (1999) Nature, 398, 218

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  152. Reinhardt W. P. and Clark C. W. (1997) J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 30, L785

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  153. Dobrek L., Gajda M., Lewenstein M., Sengstock K., Birkl G. and Ertmer W. (1999) Phys. Rev. A, 60, R3381

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  154. Feder D. L., Clark C. W. and Schneider B. I. (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett, 82, 4956

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  155. Fujita J., Morinaga M., Kishimoto T., Yasuda M., Matsui S. and Shimizu F. (1996) Nature380, 1996, 691

    Article  Google Scholar 

  156. Jackson A. D., Kavoulakis G. M. and Pethick C. J. (1998) Phys. Rev. A, 58, 2417

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  157. Torii T., Suzuki Y., Kozuma M., Kuga T., Deng L. and Hagley E. W. (2000) Phys. Rev. A, 61, 041602

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  158. Giltner D. M., McGowan R. W. and Lee S. A. (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 2638

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  159. Denschlag J., Simsarian J. E., Feder D. L., Clark C. W., Collins L. A., Cubizolles J., Deng L., Hagley E. W., Helmerson K., Reinhardt W. P., Rolston S. L., Schneider B. I. and Phillips W. D. (2000) Science, 287, 97

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  160. Burger S., Bongs K., Dettmer S., Ertmer W., Sengstock K., Sanpera A., Shlyapnikov G. V. and Lewenstein M. (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, 5198

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

Helmerson, K. (2005). Laser Cooling and Trapping of Neutral Atoms to Ultralow Temperatures. In: Di Bartolo, B., Forte, O. (eds) Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy. NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, vol 168. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2751-6_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics