Summary
Because the majority of the word’s population live at mid- and low-latitudes, it is vital to understand how the environment is changing, on local, regional, and global scales. Mid- and low-latitude glaciers provide a unique opportunity to look at how the environment has changed in the past, how it is changing today, and to project possible changes in the future. The study of mid- and low-latitude glacial ice is not simple, but the process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting such ice has been, and continues to be, refined. New techniques, lower analytical detection levels, and expanded studies have provided a solid foundation on which to base the wealth of data recorded in mid- and low-latitude glaciers, which in turn facilitates application of the information obtained to societal problems and resource evaluation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bentley, H.W., Phillips, F.W., and Davis, S.N., 1986, Chlorine-36 in the terrestrial environment, in: Handbook of Environmental Isotopes, Volume 2 (P. Fritz and J-C. Fontes, eds.), Elsevier, New York, pp. 422–480.
Cecil, L.D., Naftz, D.L., and Green, J.R., 2000, Global ice-core research: understanding and applying environmental records of the past, U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-003-00.
Cecil, L.D., Green, J.R., Vogt, S., Grape, S.K., Davis, S.N., Cottrell, G.L., and Sharma, P., 1999, Chlorine-36 in water, snow, and mid-and low-latitude glacial ice of North America: Meteoric and weapons-tests production in the vicinity of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 99-4037, 27p.
Cecil, L.D. and S. Vogt, 1997, Identification of bomb-produced 36Cl in mid-and low-latitude glacial ice of North America, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 123:287–289.
Craig, Harmon, 1961, Isotopic variations in meteoric waters. Science, 133:1,702–1,703.
Currie, L.A., Klouda, G.A., Elmore, D., and Gove, H.E., 1985, Radiocarbon dating of microgram samples: Accelerator mass spectrometry and electromagnetic isotope separation, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 12:396–401.
Fountain, A.G., 1994, Borehole water-level variations and imperfections for the subglacial hydraulics of South Cascade Glacier, Washington State, U.S.A., Journal of Glaciology 40:293–304.
Haeberli, W. and Beniston, M., 1998, Climate change and its impacts on glaciers and permafrost in the Alps, Ambio 27:258–265.
Harper, J.T. and Humphrey, N.F., 1995, Borehole video analysis of a temperature glacier’s englacial and subglacial structure: Implications for glacier flow models, Geology 23:901–904.
Hooke, R.LeB., Pohjola, V.A., Jansson, P., and Kohler, J., 1992, Intra-seasonal changes in deformation profiles revealed by borehole studies, Storglaciären, Sweden, Journal of Glaciology 38:348–358.
Hubbard, B., Binley, A., Slater, L., Middleton, R., and Kulessa, B., 1998, Inter-borehole electrical resistivity imaging of englacial drainage, Journal of Glaciology 44:429–434.
Karl, D.M., Bird, D.F., Bjorkman, K., Houlihan, T., Shakelford, R., and Tupas, L., 1999, Microorganisms in the accreted ice of Lake Vostok, Antarctica, Science 286:2144–2147.
Marks, D., Domingo, J., Susong, D.D., Link, T., and Garen, D., 1999, A spatially distributed energy balance snowmelt model, Hydrological Processes 13, 1935–1959.
Mayeski, P.A., Meeker, L.D., Twickler, M.S., Whitlow, S., Yang, Q., Lyons, W.B., and Prentice, M., 1997, Major features and forcing of high-latitude northern hemisphere atmospheric circulation using a 110,000-year-long glaciochemical series, Journal of Geophysical Research 102(C12):26,345–26,366.
Meeker, L.D., Mayewski, P.A., Twickler, M.S., Whitlow, S.I., and Meese, D., 1997, A 110,000-year history of change in continental biogenic emissions and related atmospheric circulation inferred from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Ice Core, Journal of Geophysical Research 102(C12):26,489–26,504.
Mikhalenko, V.N., 1997, Changes in Eurasian glaciation during the past century: Glacier mass balance and ice-core evidence, Annals of Glaciology 24:283–287.
Morin, R.H., Descamps, G.E., and Cecil, L.D., 2000, Acoustic televiewer logging in glacier boreholes. Journal of Glaciology, vol 46, no. 155, 695–699.
Naftz, D.L., 1993, Doctoral Thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 204 p. (unpublished).
Naftz, D.L., Klusman, R.W., Michel, R.L., Schuster, P.F., Reddy, M.M., Taylor, H.E., Yanosky, T.M., and McConnaughey, E.A., 1996, Little Ice Age evidence from a south-central North American ice core, U.S.A., Arctic and Alpine Research 28:35–41.
Oeschger, H., Schotterer, U., Haeberli, W., and Röthlisberger, H., 1977, First results from alpine core drilling projects, Z. Gletscher. Glazial. 13(H1/2): 193–208.
Pedersen, K., 1993, The deep subterranean biosphere, Earth-Science Reviews 34:243–260.
Phelps, T.J., Murphy, E.M., Pfiffner, S.M., and White, D.C., 1994, Comparison between geochemical and biological estimates of subsurface microbial activities, Microbial Ecology 28: 335–349.
Schuster, P.F., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Naftz, D.L., Cecil, L.D., Olson, M.L., Dewild, J.F., Susong, D.D., Green, J.R., and Abbott, M.L., 2002, Atmospheric mercury deposition during the last 270 years: a glacial ice core record of natural and anthropogenic sources. Environmental Science and Technolog, 36, 2303–2310.
Schuster, P.F., White, D.E., Naftz, D.L., and Cecil, L.D., 2000, Chronological refinement of an ice core record at Upper Fremont Glacier in south central North America, Journal of Geophysical Research 105:4657–4666.
Sharma, P., Bourgeois, M., Elmore, D., Granger, D., Lipschutz, M.E., Ma, X., Miller, T., Mueller, K., Rickey, F., Simms, P., and Vogt, S., 2000, PRIME lab AMS performance, upgrades and research applications, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 172:122–123.
Sin’kevich, S.A., 1991, Climate warming in the Twentieth century as reflected in Svalbard ice cores: Glaciers-Ocean-Atmosphere: Interactions, International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication No. 208, 257–267.
Steig, D.J., 1999, TITLE, Eos, Trans., Amer. Geo. Union 80:S143.
Synal, H-A., Beer, J., Bonani, G., Suter, M., and Woelfli, W., 1991, Atmospheric transport of bomb-produced 36Cl, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 52:483–488.
Thompson, L. G., Davis, M. E., Mosely-Thompson, E., Sowers, T. A., Henderson, K. A., Zagorodnov, V. S., Lin, P.-N., Mikhalenko, V. N., Campen, R. K., Bolzan, J. F., Cole-Dai, J., and Francou, B., 1998, A 25,000-year tropical climate history from Bolivian ice cores, Science 282:1858–1864.
Thompson, L.G., Xiaoling, W., Mosley-Thomson, E., and Zichu, X., 1988, Climatic records from the Dunde Ice Cap, China, Annals of Glaciology 10:80–84.
Thompson, L.G., Mosley-Thompson, E., Bolzon, J.F., and Koci, B.R., 1986, The little Ice Age as reported in the stratigraphy of the tropical Quelccaya Ice Cap, Science 234:361–364.
Thompson, L.G., Mosley-Thompson, E., Bolzon, J.F., and Koci, B.R., 1985, A 1500-year record of tropical precipitation in ice cores from the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru. Science 229(4714):971–973.
Thompson, L.G., Mosley-Thompson, E., and Arnao, B.M., 1984, El Nino-Southern oscillation events recorded in the stratigraphy of the tropical Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru, Science 226:50–53.
Toran, Laura, 1982, Isotopes in ground-water investigations. Ground Water, 20(6):740–745.
USEPA Method 1631 Revision B, 1999, Mercury in water by oxidation, purge and trap, and cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Engineering and Analysis Division (4303), Washington, D.C.
Welch, B.C., 2000, How does radio-echo sounding work?, University of Wyoming research webpage, (April 29, 2002); http://research.gg.uwyo.edu/iceradar/radworks.html.
Zemanek, J., Glenn, E.E., Norton, L.J., and Caldwell, R.L., 1970, Formation evaluation by inspection with the borehole televiewer, Geophysics 35:254–269.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Green, J.R., Cecil, L.D., Frape, S.K. (2004). Methods of Mid- and Low-Latitude Glacial Record Collection, Analysis, and Interpretation. In: DeWayne Cecil, L., Green, J.R., Thompson, L.G. (eds) Earth Paleoenvironments: Records Preserved in Mid- and Low-Latitude Glaciers. Developments in Paleoenvironmental Research, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2146-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2146-1_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-2145-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2146-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive