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Lessons Learned in 50 Years of Cryogenic Thermometry

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Cryogenic Engineering

Part of the book series: International Cryogenics Monograph Series ((ICMS))

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Abstract

This chapter reviews the basics of cryogenic thermometry in the past 50 years and its updated state of the art. First, it answers the question of why a temperature scale is needed and its meaning. Next, the basics of a scale definition and a short history of the temperature scales from 1955 are outlined, together with lessons learned in temperature calibration and international standards. Finally, the characteristics of the main types of thermometer developed in the past 50 years and used in cryogenics are summarized.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Research in Metrology (INRiM), Turin, 10135, Italy

    F. Pavese

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  1. F. Pavese
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA

    Klaus D. Timmerhaus

  2. Cryogenic Materials, Inc., 2625 Iliff, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA

    Richard P. Reed

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Pavese, F. (2007). Lessons Learned in 50 Years of Cryogenic Thermometry. In: Timmerhaus, K.D., Reed, R.P. (eds) Cryogenic Engineering. International Cryogenics Monograph Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-46896-X_10

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