Skip to main content
  • 1068 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 34.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Warren-Gash C, Zeman A. Déjà vu. Practical Neurology 2003; 3: 106–109

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Ashton H. Delirium and hallucinations. In: Perry E, Ashton H, Young A (eds.). Neurochemistry of consciousness: neurotransmitters in mind. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2002: 181–203

    Google Scholar 

  • Burns A, Gallagley A, Byrne J. Delirium. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2004; 75: 362–367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larner AJ. Delirium: diagnosis, aetiopathogenesis and treatment. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation 2004; 4(2): 28–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindesay J, Rockwood K, Macdonald A (eds.). Delirium in old age. Oxford: OUP, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Nayeem K, O’Keeffe ST. Delirium. Clinical Medicine 2003; 3: 412–415

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Tekin S, Cummings JL. Hallucinations and related conditions. In: Heilman KM, Valenstein E (eds.). Clinical neuropsychology (4th edition). Oxford: OUP, 2003: 479–494

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Bowler JV, Hachinski V (eds.). Vascular cognitive impairment: preventable dementia. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarfield AM. The decreasing prevalence of reversible dementia: an updated meta-analysis. Archives of Internal Medicine 2003; 163: 2219–2229

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doran M. Diagnosis of presenile dementia. British Journal of Hospital Medicine 1997; 58: 105–110

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Growdon JH, Rossor MN (eds.). The dementias. Boston: Butterworth Heinemann, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  • Kertesz A, Munoz DG (eds.). Pick’s disease and Pick complex. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  • Lezak MD, Howieson DB, Loring DW, Hannay HJ, Fischer JS. Neuropsychological assessment. Oxford: OUP, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendez MF, Cummings JL. Dementia: a clinical approach (3rd edition). Philadelphia: Butterworth Heinemann, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien J, Ames D, Burns A (eds.). Dementia. London: Arnold, 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • Short RA, Graff-Radford NR. Approach to the patient with dementia. In: Biller J (ed.). Practical neurology (2nd edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002: 19–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Snowden JS, Neary D, Mann DMA. Fronto-temporal lobar degeneration: fronto-temporal dementia, progressive aphasia, semantic dementia. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1996

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Akelaitis AJ. Studies on the corpus callosum, IV: Diagonistic dyspraxia in epileptics following partial and complete section of the corpus callosum. American Journal of Psychiatry 1944–1945; 101:594–599

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Danchaivijitr C, Kennard C. Diplopia and eye movement disorders. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2004; 75(suppl IV):iv24–iv31

    Google Scholar 

  • Yee RD. Approach to the patient with diplopia. In: Biller J (ed.). Practical neurology (2nd edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002: 147–161

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Larner AJ. Proximal superior division oculomotor nerve palsy from metastatic subarachnoid infiltration Journal of Neurology 2002; 249:343–344

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Thömke F, Hopf HC. Acquired monocular elevation paresis. An asymmetric up-gaze palsy. Brain 1992; 115: 1901–1910

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Katz JS, Wolfe GI, Burns DK, Bryan WW, Fleckenstein JL, Barohn RJ. Isolated neck extensor myopathy. A common cause of dropped head syndrome. Neurology 1996; 46: 917–921

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholas RS, Lecky BRF. Dropped head syndrome: the differential diagnosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2002; 73:218 (abstract 26)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose MR, Levin KH, Griggs RC. The dropped head plus syndrome: quantitation of response to corticosteroids. Muscle Nerve 1999; 22:115–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swash M. Dropped-head and bent-spine syndromes: axial myopathies? Lancet 1998; 352: 758

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Alexander MP. Transcortical motor aphasia: a disorder of language production. In: D’Esposito M (ed.). Neurological foundations of cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2003: 165–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Esmonde T, Giles E, Xuereb J, Hodges J. Progressive supranuclear palsy presenting with dynamic aphasia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1996; 60: 403–410

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson G, Blair J, Cipolotti L. Dynamic aphasia: an inability to select between competing verbal responses. Brain 1998; 121: 77–89

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Darley FL, Aronson AE, Brown JR. Motor speech disorders. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • LaMonte MP, Erskine MC, Thomas BE. Approach to the patient with dysarthria. In: Biller J (ed.). Practical neurology (2nd edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002: 236–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Murdoch BE (ed.). Dysarthria. A physiological approach to assessment and treatment. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes, 1998

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Knight RT, D’Esposito M. Lateral prefrontal syndrome: a disorder of executive control. In: D’Esposito M (ed.). Neurological foundations of cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2003: 259–279

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Henkin RI, Patten BM, Pe RK, Bronzert DA. A syndrome of acute zinc loss. Cerebellar dysfunction, mental changes, anorexia and taste and smell dysfunction. Archives of Neurology 1975; 32: 745–751

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Fahn S. The paroxysmal dyskinesias. In: Marsden CD, Fahn S (eds.). Movement disorders 3. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1994: 310–345

    Google Scholar 

  • Wojcieszek J. Drug-induced movement disorders. In: Biller J (ed.). Iatrogenic neurology. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998: 215–231

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Chiu E. What’s in a name: dementia or dysmentia? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 1994; 9: 1–4

    Article  Google Scholar 

References

  • Bötzel K, Rottach K, Büttner U. Normal and pathological saccadic dysmetria. Brain 1993; 116: 337–353

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Büttner U, Straube A, Spuler A. Saccadic dysmetria and “intact” smooth pursuit eye movements after bilateral deep cerebellar nuclei lesions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1994; 57:832–834

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Milner AD, Perrett DI, Johnston RS, et al. Perception and action in “visual form agnosia.” Brain 1991; 114: 405–428

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

References

  • Hamdy S, Aziz Q, Rothwell JC, Singh KD, Barlow J, Hughes DG, Tallis RC, Thompson DG. The cortical topography of human swallowing musculature in health and disease. Nature Medicine 1996; 2: 1217–1224

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Logemann JA. Approach to the patient with dysphagia. In: Biller J (ed.). Practical neurology (2nd edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002: 227–235

    Google Scholar 

References

  • Whurr R, Lorch M, Fontana H, Brookes G, Lees A, Marsden CD. The use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1993; 56: 526–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

References

  • Carvalho Aguiar PM de, Ozelius LJ. Classification and genetics of dystonia. Lancet Neurology 2002; 1: 316–325

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards M, Bhatia K. Dystonia. Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation 2004; 4(2): 20,22,24

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahn S, Marsden CD, Calne DB. Classification and investigation of dystonia. In: Marsden CD, Fahn S (eds.). Movement Disorders 2. London, Butterworth 1987: 332–358

    Google Scholar 

  • Fahn S, Marsden CD. The treatment of dystonia. In: Marsden CD, Fahn S (eds.). Movement Disorders 2. London, Butterworth 1987: 359–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Grunewald RA, Yoneda Y, Shipman JM, Sagar HJ. Idiopathic focal dystonia: a disorder of muscle spindle afferent processing? Brain 1997;120: 2179–2185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moore P, Naumann M (eds.). Handbook of botulinum toxin treatment (2nd edition). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Németh AH. The genetics of primary dystonias and related disorders. Brain 2002; 125: 695–721

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Harten PN, Hoek HW, Kahn RS. Acute dystonia induced by drug treatment. BMJ 1999; 319: 623–626

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2006). D. In: A Dictionary of Neurological Signs. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-31217-X_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-31217-X_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-26214-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-31217-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics