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Adaptor Proteins in Lysosomal Biogenesis

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Lysosomes

Part of the book series: Medical Intelligence Unit ((MIUN))

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Abstract

Lysosomal membrane proteins and soluble lysosomal proteins are transported from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to endosomes and lysosomes via coated-vesicles which bud from the donor compartment and are transported to and fuse with the proper acceptor compartment. The proteins forming the vesicle-coat bind to the cytoplasmic domains of the cargo proteins and recruit additional proteins like clathrin to the site of vesicle formation. These proteins are hence called adaptor proteins or adaptor-protein complexes and their subunits are called adaptins. The family of heterotetrameric adaptor-protein complexes consists of AP-1, AP-2, AP-3 and AP-4 and all four are required for lysosome biogenesis. They are ubiquitously expressed in mammals and many of the adaptins also exist as tissue-specific isoforms encoded by different genes or generated by alternative splicing. Adaptor-protein complexes are compartment specific proteins and recruit their specific accessory proteins to the site of vesicle formation, which is believed to regulate vesicle budding and fission and vesicle transport.

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  1. Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Biochemistry II, Georg-August University Göttingen, Heinrich-Düker-Weg 12, D-37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Peter Schu

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Schu, P. (2005). Adaptor Proteins in Lysosomal Biogenesis. In: Lysosomes. Medical Intelligence Unit. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28957-7_3

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