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Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals pp 35–49Cite as

Subnuclear Trafficking and the Nuclear Matrix

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Part of the book series: Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit ((MBIU))

Concluding Remarks

The case has been made for the presence of sequences different from nuclear localization signals that determine the fate of a protein once inside the nucleus. The number of examples where such signals have been studied in detail is still small, and it is too early to draw conclusions about their similarity or multiplicity. If the described signals act like other targeting domains, they will most likely function by providing a surface for protein-protein interactions. If transcription factors come with signals for specific subnuclear “addresses”, and if their disruption can compromise transcription factor function, then one ought to think about what those addresses are, and how they relate to the position and/or compartmentalization of the promoters regulated by these factors. The prevailing evidence for the association of specific chromatin regions (MARs) with the nuclear matrix, and the positive effect MARs have on the transcription of flanking genes has led to the model that the association of genes with the nuclear matrix increases their ability to be expressed, possibly by providing a more “open” chromatin environment. It might be equally attractive to think about another mechanism, by which association with the nuclear matrix of both promoters and transcription factors might increase the probability of productive assembly of transcription initiation complexes. The fact that “transcriptosomes” appear to have specific locations in the nucleus, and that they can function on the isolated nuclear matrix encourages to think about how such complexes might assemble in specific places. It will be highly informative to investigate whether three-way interactions between genes, sequence-specific transcription factors, and nuclear matrix components play a role in their assembly.

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  1. Department of Plant Biology, Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Iris Meier

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Meier, I. (2005). Subnuclear Trafficking and the Nuclear Matrix. In: Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals. Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27747-1_3

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