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Tumor Immunology and Cancer Vaccines

Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy of Cancer: A three-signal paradigm for translating recent developments into improved treatment strategies

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Tumor Immunology and Cancer Vaccines

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 123))

Abstract

From our perspective a great deal has changed in the past few years. We now appreciate that tumor-specific T cells have at least a triad of properties (perforin, IFN-γ, and TNF) that they can utilize to mediate tumor regression. We also have a basic understanding of in vitro methods to polarize primed T cells towards a “therapeutic” type 1 cytokine profile (IFN-γ and TNF). Additionally, combining vaccination at a time when host T cells are undergoing homeostasis-driven proliferation has been shown to dramatically increase the frequency of tumor-specific T cells generated by the host. The discovery of CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells at tumor sites and the success of combining adoptive transfer of CD4 and CD8+ TIL with a non myeloablative conditioning regimen that includes fludarabine, a drug that that preferentially decimates CD4+ T cells, are likely to be related. The availability of antibodies or ligands that block negative signals (CTLA4) or provide costimulatory signals (4-1BB, OX40) will be extended or initiated soon. The next several years should prove particularly informative as trials incorporating combinations of strategies make their way to the clinic.

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  1. Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center Earle A, Chiles Research Institute Portland, OR, USA

    Shawn M. Jensen & Bernard A. Fox

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  1. Shawn M. Jensen
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  1. Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda Naval Hospital Bethesda, MD, USA

    Samir N. Khleif

  2. King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan

    Samir N. Khleif

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Jensen, S.M., Fox, B.A. (2005). Tumor Immunology and Cancer Vaccines. In: Khleif, S.N. (eds) Tumor Immunology and Cancer Vaccines. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 123. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27545-2_13

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