Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), commonly known as “dioxins”, in contrast to other chlorinated chemicals, have never been commercially manufactured or are of any benefit or known use. They enter the environment not as primary products but unintentional trace impurities. PCDD/Fs were found in the emissions of various combustion processes, independently from the fuel, so that thermal processes are recognized as a main source, especially processes of waste incineration. But “dioxin problem” is strictly combined with all human activities connected either with solid wastes or wastewaters production and utilization.
CDD/Fs presence in municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWTP) influents results in the PCDD/Fs presence in effluents and sludge. Evidence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans formation within the MWTP was also found. All this aspects are discussed in the paper, with special attention to sewage sludge, because of further utilization demand according to EU directives.
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Dudzińska, M.R. (2005). Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins (PCDDs) and Dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in Sewage and Sludge of MWTP. In: Mournighan, R., Dudzińska, M.R., Barich, J., Gonzalez, M.A., Black, R.K. (eds) Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 4. Environmental Science Research, vol 59. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27448-0_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-27448-0_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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